Ngaba nawe uyafuna ukwazi nge-hernia? (Hernia) Masithethe ngale nto ngokulula!

Ngaba wakha weva igama elithi "Hernia"? Mhlawumbi elinye lamalungu osapho lwakho okanye umhlobo wakho ukhe waba nale meko. Okanye mhlawumbi unolwazi oluthile ngayo. Yintoni kanye kanye i-hernia, kutheni isenzeka, ingaba iyingozi, singayilumkela njani, kwaye zeziphi iindlela zonyango? Namhlanje, siza kuthetha nawe ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda. Njengokuthetha nomhlobo.

Yintoni i-hernia? Ngamafutshane...

Cinga ngezitho zomzimba ezingaphakathi emzimbeni wakho, njengamathumbu akho, umzekelo, zihlala zijikelezwe ludonga lwezihlunu. Kufana nomoya okwibhaluni. Ngoku ukuba kukho ubuthathaka ndaweni ithile kolu donga, okanye umngxuma omncinci, inxalenye yesitho esingaphakathi iya kuzama ukutyhala kuloo mngxuma. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-hernia .

Oku kungenzeka ngequbuliso, okanye kunokuvela kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngamanye amaxesha, le hernia ingenzeka kuba izihlunu zethu zibuthathaka njengoko sikhula, okanye emva kwengozi, utyando, okanye ngamanye amaxesha ngenxa yobuthathaka obukhoyo ekuzalweni.

Ziziphi iindawo ezixhaphakileyo apho kuvela khona i-hernias?

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba ezi hernias zenzeka phi emzimbeni. Kukho iindawo ezimbalwa eziphambili apho zinokubonakala khona:

• Kwinxalenye esezantsi yesifuba sakho, nge-diaphragm.
• Kwindawo yemiphunga, oko kukuthi, ngaphantsi kwezinqe, ngodonga olusezantsi lwesisu.
• Ngaphambili embindini wesisu.
• Ukusuka ekusikweni kotyando lwangaphambili.

Ziziphi iintlobo ze-hernias ezikhoyo?

I-Hernias inokuza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Yahlulwe ngokwendawo eyenzeka kuyo kunye nesizathu. Makhe sijonge ezimbalwa zezona ntlobo ziphambili.

1. I-Inguinal Hernia

Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-hernia . Malunga ne-75% ye-hernias yile hlobo. Ixhaphake kakhulu kumadoda. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba inxalenye yamathumbu ityhala kwindlela ehamba ethangeni ebizwa ngokuba yi-inguinal canal. Ngamanye amaxesha usenokuba ukhe wabona umntu omdala eneqhuma elincinci emqolo wakhe, kwaye yiloo nto ayiyo.

2. I-Femoral Hernia

Olu luhlobo lwe-hernia oluvela kwindawo ye-groin, kodwa aluxhaphakanga kangako kune-hernia ye-inguinal. Luvela kwindawo ebizwa ngokuba yi-femoral canal, efumaneka ngaphantsi kwe-inguinal canal. Izicubu ezinamafutha nezinye izinto zinokuphuma ngale ndlela.

3. I-Hiatal Hernia

Olu luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-hernia oluvela ebomini bethu. Kukho umngxuma omncinci kwi-diaphragm yethu, apho umphimbo wethu uphuma khona. Ukuba loo mngxuma uba mkhulu kwaye inxalenye ephezulu yesisu ityhala iye esifubeni, ibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Hiatal Hernia).` Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezifana neentlungu zesifuba kunye ne-gastritis kwabanye abantu.

4. I-Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

Esi sisiphene esinzulu sokuzalwa.Oku kwenzeka xa i-diaphragm ingavali kakuhle ngexesha lokukhula komntwana ongekazalwa. Oku kuvumela amalungu esiswini ukuba angene esifubeni ngelixa esakhula. Oku kunokwenza indawo yamaphaphu, okuchaphazela ukukhula kwawo.

5. I-Incisional Hernia

I-incisional hernia yimeko apho i-incision evela kutyando lwangaphambili iba buthathaka ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye izicubu ziphume kuyo. Esi sisiphumo esiqhelekileyo esinokwenzeka kubantu abaye benza utyando lwesisu.

6. I-Umbilical Hernia

Oku kwenzeka xa inxalenye yamathumbu iphuma ngomngxuma eludongeni lwesisu kufutshane neqhosha lesisu. Uninzi lwexesha, ezi "Umbilical Hernias" zizalwa nazo. Usenokuba ukhe wabona ukudumba okuncinci kwiqhosha lesisu lomntwana xa ekhala okanye ekhupha indle. Oku kusenokuba yimbangela.

7. I-Ventral Hernia

Nayiphi na i-hernia ephuma eludongeni olungaphambili lwesisu ibizwa ngokuba yi-"Ventral Hernia." Oku kuquka i-umbilical hernias kunye ne-incisional hernias. I-ventral hernia ephuma phezu kwenkaba ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-"Epigastric Hernia."

8. I-Perineal Hernia

Olu luhlobo olungaqhelekanga lwe-hernia . Lwenzeka xa ilungu okanye izicubu zityhala kwisisu ngesithuba esibuthathaka okanye umngxuma kumgangatho we-pelvic.

Ixhaphake kangakanani i-hernia?

Ewe, ii-hernias zizinto eziqhelekileyo . Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iintlobo zixhaphake kakhulu kunezinye. Umzekelo:

• I-Inguinal hernia ichaphazela malunga nama-25% amadoda.
• I-hiatal hernias ichaphazela malunga nama-20% abantu baseMelika, kunye nama-50% abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala.
• Malunga ne-15% yeentsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa zine-hernia yokuzalwa, eyona ixhaphakileyo yi-hernia ye-umbilical.
• Iihernias zokusika zimalunga ne-10% yazo zonke iihernias.

Ingaba i-hernia inokuba yingozi kangakanani?

Uninzi lwee-hernias azibi kakhulu , kodwa ezinye zinokuba zibi kakhulu. Kwaye zinokuba zimbi ngakumbi ngokuhamba kwexesha.

I-hernia iba yingozi xa inxalenye ephumileyo ingakwazi ukubuyela ngaphakathi ize ibhajwe emngxunyeni. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"Incarcerated hernia". Oku kunokubangela iintlungu ezingakumbi. Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, izicwili ezivalelweyo zinokulahlekelwa ligazi lazo zize zife (''Necrosis'' okanye ''Gangrene''). Le yimeko engxamisekileyo.

Ngenxa yokuba ii-hernias ziba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha, zihlala zifuneka zilungiswe ngotyando kungekudala.

Zithini iimpawu ze-hernia?

Ayizizo zonke iihernias ezibangela iimpawu, kwaye uhlobo ngalunye lwehernia lunokubangela iimpawu ezahlukeneyo.

Uphawu oluphambili lwe-hernia kukudumba okubonakalayo okanye ukudumba . Oku kunokubonakala ngexesha lemisebenzi ethile okanye xa kutshintshwa izikhundla zomzimba, kuze kubuye ngamanye amaxesha.

Kwakhona, xa i-hernia iphuma, kubakho intlungu ebuhlungu, ebuhlungu okanye ehlabayo.Ungaziva. Ingaphuma xa uphakamisa into enzima, uhleka, ukhohlela, okanye utsala nzima.

Injani i-hernia?

Ukuba unokuyibona, ifana nokudumba kwindawo ekungafanelekanga ukuba ibe kuyo . Ungayibona esiswini okanye ngaphezulu kwe-groin. Ngamanye amaxesha iyabonakala, ngamanye amaxesha ayibonakali. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye ii-hernia, ezifana ne-'Femoral hernia' kunye ne-'Hiatal hernia', zingaphakathi emzimbeni kwaye azibonakali ngaphandle.

Injani i-hernia?

Usenokungaziva nto konke konke. Okanye ungaziva ucinezelekile, iintlungu ezibuhlungu, okanye iintlungu ezibukhali njengoko i-hernia iphuma emngxunyeni. Ukuba usoloko unengxaki enjalo, kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko .

Ingakumbi kubantu abane-hernia yokuzala, i- acid reflux yexesha elide inokwenzeka. Ingavakala ngathi sisitshiso okanye ukungagayi kakuhle kokutya.

Ziziphi iimpawu zokuqala ze-hernia?

Usenokubona okanye uzive i-hernia iphuma kwindawo enye xa uhleli, ulele phantsi, okanye uxinzelela. Kwimeko yomntwana omncinci, i-hernia ingaphuma xa ekhala okanye ekhupha indle, nto leyo ebangela ukuba angakhululeki. Ukuba iimpawu ezifanayo zenzeka ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngomsebenzi ofanayo, kukho ithuba elihle lokuba yi-hernia.

Ngaba iimpawu ze-hernia zahlukile kubasetyhini nakumadoda?

Ngokwesiqhelo, akukho mahluko mkhulu. Kodwa kukho ezinye izinto ezahlukileyo. Umzekelo, i-groin hernia ngamanye amaxesha inokuvela iye kufikelela kwizitho zangasese. Kumadoda anamasende, oko kukuthi, ukudumba kwamasende kunokubonakala. I-'Femoral hernia' ixhaphake kakhulu kubasetyhini, kwaye inokubangela iintlungu ze-groin ezingabonakaliyo ngaphandle kwaye zingafumaneki.

Yintoni eyona nto ibangela i-hernia?

Ngamafutshane, i-hernia yenzeka xa ilungu okanye ezinye izicwili zityhala ubuthathaka kwimisipha yakho okanye kwizicubu ezidibeneyo, okanye kwindawo esele ikho .

Ngamanye amaxesha obu buthathaka okanye ukuvuleka kubakho xa umntwana ezalwa. Kodwa rhoqo, bukhula ubomi bakhe bonke. Bunokubangelwa yingozi enkulu okanye utyando. Kodwa rhoqo, bubangelwa luxinzelelo oluphindaphindayo . Uxinzelelo lweminyaka emininzi kunye noxinzelelo lunokwenza izicubu zibe buthathaka kancinci kancinci.

Ziziphi izinto ezinokubangela umhlaza webele?

Usenokuba sengozini enkulu yokuba ne-hernia ngenxa yezi zizathu zilandelayo:

• Ukuba unomsebenzi obandakanya ukuphakamisa ubunzima obukhulu okanye ukuma iiyure ezininzi. Khawuthelekelele, uMalume uKamal uphakamisa iingxowa zokutya evenkileni yonke imihla, usemngciphekweni omkhulu.
• Ukuba unesifo sokukhohlela esingapheliyo , okanye ukuba une-allergies ezibangela ukuthimla rhoqo.
• Ukuqhinwa okungapheliyo kunye nobunzima xa uhamba okanye uchama.
• Ukuba ukhe watyandwa isisu okanye i-pelvic ngaphambili .
• Ukukhulelwa , ingakumbi ukuba ukhulelwe izihlandlo ezininzi.
• Ukutyeba okungapheliyo (ukuba i-body mass index (BMI) ingaphezulu kwama-30).

Umntwana wakho usenokuba nethuba elingcono lokuba ne-hernia yokuzalwa ngenxa yezi zizathu zilandelayo:

• Ukuba umntwana uzelwe ngaphambi kwexesha .
• Ukuba uneemeko ezifana ne-'Cystic fibrosis'.
• Ukuba unesifo sokungakwazi ukunxibelelana kwezicubu zomzimba.
• Ukuba une-dysplasia ye-hip yokuzalwa.
• Ukuba uneentsontelo ezingaphakamanga.
• Ukuba unezinye iingxaki ngenkqubo yokuzala okanye inkqubo yomchamo.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa ye-hernia?

Amaxesha amaninzi, iingxaki ziqala xa i-hernia ivalelwa kwaye ingenakuphindiselwa. I-hernia evalelweyo inokuba buhlungu kwaye ibe yingozi ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Ukuba inxalenye yamathumbu akho ivalekile, inokubangela ukuvaleka , okuthintela ukutya okanye umoya ukuba ungadluli. Ukuba igazi eliya kwizicubu ezivalekileyo liyanqanyulwa (ukukrwitshwa) , linokubangela ukufa kwezicubu (i-necrosis okanye i-gangrene). Le yimeko eyingozi kakhulu.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba i-hernia ivalekile, itshintsha umbala, iba thambile, okanye ineempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, isicaphucaphu, okanye ukuhlanza, funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza!

Iingxaki ze-diaphragmatic hernias zahlukile kancinci. Ngokwesiqhelo, amalungu aphuma nge-diaphragm awanakwenzeka ukuba avaleleke. I-hiatal hernia ayisoloko ibangela iingxaki ezinkulu, ngaphandle kwe-acid reflux yexesha elide. Nangona kunjalo, i-congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) ihlala inzima ngakumbi kuba ichaphazela indlela umntwana okhule ngayo. Iintsana ezizelwe zine-CDH zigula kakhulu kwaye zifuna unyango olunzulu.

Ufanele ukhathazeke nini ngentlungu ye-hernia?

Kufanelekile ukubona ugqirha xa kukho iintlungu ze-hernia, kuba zinokungadibani nezinye iimeko zonyango, nokuba kucingelwa ukuba yi-hernia.

Ukuba i-hernia yakho itshintsha umbala, iba thambile, okanye ihamba kunye neempawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane, isicaphucaphu, okanye ukuhlanza, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko .

Uyibona njani i-hernia?

Amaxesha amaninzi, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-hernia, i-hernia inokufunyanwa ngovavanyo olulula lomzimba . Ugqirha usenokukwazi ukuyibona okanye ukuyiva. Okanye banokukucela ukuba ukhohlele okanye utshintshe indlela ohlala ngayo ukuze babone ukuba iyaphuma na. Kuxhomekeke ekubeni inzima kangakanani, ugqirha unokuzama ukuyinciphisa.

Ezinye iihernias zinokufuna ukuthathwa kwemifanekiso yezicubu ezithambileyo, njenge-CT scan, ukuze kufunyaniswe ukuba zikho na.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-hernia?

Uninzi lwee-hernias zifuna utyando , kodwa azizizo zonke ezifuna utyando ngaxeshanye.

Ukuba une-hernia encinci, engeyiyo embi kakhulu ephuma ngamaxesha athile, ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa indlela "yokulinda nokujonga".

Kodwa ngenxa yokuba ii-hernias ziba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha, oogqirha bacebisa ukuba zilungiswe. Ngaphandle kwee-hernias ze-umbilical kwiintsana ezincinci, ezinye ii-hernias azizipholi zodwa .

Utyando lokulungisa i-Hernia luqhelekile , kwaye ludla ngokuba luncinci, olubandakanya ukubuyisela izicubu ze-herniated endaweni yazo kunye nokuqinisa indawo ye-herniated ngezitishi okanye i-mesh ekhethekileyo.

Kutyando oluqhelekileyo lwe-hernia, oogqirha botyando banokusebenzisa " iindlela ezingaphantsi kakhulu." Oko kuthetha ukusikwa okuncinci, iintlungu ezincinci emva kotyando, kunye nokuchacha ngokukhawuleza.

• Utyando lweLaparoscopic : Oku kubandakanya ukusebenzisa ityhubhu ende nebhityileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-laparoscope, enekhamera kunye nokukhanya kwelinye icala. Olu tyando lwenziwa ngokufaka izixhobo zotyando ezinde nezibhityileyo ngembobo encinci kwityhubhu kunye nomnye umngxuma omncinci.
• Utyando lweRobhothi : Oku kufana ne-laparoscopy, kodwa ugqirha usebenzisa iingalo zerobhothi kwaye ulawula izixhobo kwikhonsoli yekhompyutha.
• Ezinye ii-hernias zifuna utyando oluvulekileyo lwendabuko .

I-hernia ye-umbilical ebakho ekuzalweni idla ngokuzivalela yodwa njengoko umntwana ekhula. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ayivaleki. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, umntwana kuya kufuneka enziwe utyando lokulungisa i-umbilical hernia.

I-hiatal hernias ayisoloko ifuna utyando, kodwa ukuba ibangela i-acid reflux engapheliyo, inokufuna unyango. Ugqirha wakho angacebisa inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-Nissen fundoplication. Oku kubandakanya ukusonga inxalenye ephezulu yesisu sakho ujikeleze inxalenye esezantsi ye-esophagus yakho uze uyithunge kunye.

Kuthekani ukuba i-hernia ayinyangwa?

I-hernia encinci isenokungakubangela naziphi na iingxaki ezinkulu. Kodwa i-hernias idla ngokuba nkulu ngokuhamba kwexesha . Isithuba siyaqhubeka nokuba buthathaka kwaye sinwebeka, kwaye izicubu ezininzi ziyatyhala kuyo. Okukhona izicubu ezininzi ziphuma, kokukhona kunokwenzeka ukuba zivaleleke, nto leyo ebangela iintlungu nezinye iingxaki.

Zithini iziphumo okanye iingxaki zonyango?

Kukho iingozi ezincinci ezinxulumene nalo naluphi na utyando, ezinje ngokopha kakhulu, usulelo, kunye nokusabela kwi-anesthesia. Abanye abantu banokuba nobunzima bokuchama iintsuku ezimbalwa emva kotyando. Malunga ne-10% yabantu abane-inguinal hernia baxela iintlungu ezingapheliyo zemiqolo, mhlawumbi ngenxa yomonakalo wemithambo-luvo.

Yintoni endimele ndiyilindele ukuba ndine-hernia?

Ugqirha wakho uza kuvavanya ukuba imbi kangakanani kwaye ingaba mandundu kangakanani. Ezinye iihernias zisenokungadingi utyando olungxamisekileyo, kodwa uninzi lwazo, utyando luya kucetyiswa ngaxa lithile.

Olu tyando ludla ngokuba yinkqubo elula, eyenzeka ngaphandle kwesibhedlele , kwaye ixesha lokuchacha lifutshane. Utyando ludla ngokuba yimpumelelo, kodwa malunga ne-10% yamatyala, i-hernia inokubuya ngaxa lithile, ingakumbi ukuba unobangela uyaqhubeka ukho.

Ndingazinyamekela njani xa ndiphila ne-hernia?

Ukuba une-hernia, kufuneka uzame ukuyithintela ukuba ingabi mandundu , nokuba uyatyandwa okanye akunjalo. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba utshintshe imikhwa yakho okanye uhlobo lomsebenzi wakho ukuze uthintele ukuba i-hernia ingatyhalelwa kwindawo ethile. Kwezinye iimeko, unokucelwa ukuba unxibe ibhanti ekhethekileyo (i-'Truss' okanye 'ibhanti le-Hernia') ukuze uyibambe ngexesha lemisebenzi ethile. Nika ingqalelo kwiimpawu zakho kunye naluphi na utshintsho oluphawulayo.

Yintoni "iHernia yezemidlalo"?

Igama elithi "Sports Hernia" alichanekanga , kuba alilo i-hernia yokwenyani. Luhlobo lokulimala oluqhelekileyo kubadlali, ingakumbi kwisisu esisezantsi okanye kwindawo yemiphunga. Libizwa njalo kuba ezi ziindawo eziqhelekileyo apho i-hernias ikhula khona, kwaye kuba ukwenzakala kunokubangela intlungu yexesha elide njenge-hernia. Nangona kunjalo, apha, izicubu aziphumi kwenye. Kudla ngokuba kukukrazuka kwi-tendon okanye kwimisipha okubangelwa yintshukumo ekhawulezileyo yokujika.

Isishwankathelo kunye nezinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Nangona ii-hernias zixhaphakile, uninzi lwazo alubi nzulu. Nangona kunjalo, iingxaki zinokubakho. Iintlungu nezinye iingxaki zinokukhula ngokuhamba kwexesha. Lumka nge-hernia yakho kwaye ubone ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba ibe nkulu. Ekubeni ii-hernias zingapholi zodwa, zihlala zifuna utyando ukuze zilungiswe. Awuwedwa, kwaye ziphakathi kotyando oluqhelekileyo olwenziwayo ehlabathini.

Khumbula: Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye imibuzo malunga ne-hernia, kungcono ukubona ugqirha ukuze akunike icebiso. Musa ukuthembela kuphela koko ukufumeneyo kwi-intanethi.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi ulufumene luluncedo! Hlala usempilweni!

i - hernia, i-hernia, ukuwohloka kwamathumbu, i-hernia ye-inguinal, utyando lwe-hernia, iimpawu ze-hernia