Wakufika kwiminyaka engama-45 okanye engama-50 ubudala, ngequbuliso uqala ukubila, awukwazi ukulala kakuhle ebusuku, ucaphuka zizinto ezincinci, uzive kakubi... Ngaba ezi zinto uyaziqhela? Ezi ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezifunyanwa ngabasetyhini abaninzi ngexesha lokuya exesheni. Siyazi ukuba eli xesha linzima kakhulu. Nangona abantu abaninzi behlupheka zezi zinto buthule, eneneni kukho izisombululo ezilungileyo koku. Esinye sezona zisombululo zibalulekileyo neziphumelelayo kunyango lweehomoni. Masithethe ngale nto ngokulula, ngokungathi sithetha nomhlobo osenyongweni.
Yintoni unyango lokutshintshwa kwamahomoni (HRT)?
Kalula nje, kulula kakhulu. Unyango Lokutshintshwa KweeHormone (HRT) yinkqubo yokutshintsha iihomoni ngaphandle (ingakumbi i-estrogen) eziyekiswa ngumzimba wakho xa ufikelela exesheni.
Cinga ngale ndlela: umzimba wakho ufana nomzi-mveliso oneentlobo ngeentlobo zoomatshini. I-estrogen ifana nonjineli oyintloko osebenza kuyo. Xa ethatha umhlala-phantsi (oko kukuthi, xa udlula exesheni), umzi-mveliso uyaphambana kancinci. Ngelo xesha, sizisa omnye unjineli ovela ngaphandle size sibuyisele izinto endleleni. Unyango lwe-hormone lufana nalolo.
Oku kuncipha kwamanqanaba e-hormone yikona okubangela ukuba ube neengxaki ezilandelayo:
- Ubushushu obugqithisileyo: Ubushushu obukhawulezileyo kunye nokubila ebusweni, entanyeni, nasesifubeni.
- Ukubila ebusuku: Ukuvuka ebusuku umzimba wakho umanzi kukubila.
- Ukoma kwesini kunye nokwabelana ngesondo okubuhlungu: Le yinto abantu abaninzi abaneentloni zokuyithetha, kodwa iqhelekile.
- Utshintsho kwimo yengqondo: ukuziva unomsindo ngaphandle kwesizathu, ukuziva ulusizi, ukuziva uxhalabile.
- Ukungalali: Ukungakwazi ukulala ebusuku.
- Ukuchama rhoqo: Umchamo omncinci unokuvuza ngamaxesha afana nokuthimla okanye ukuhleka.
Unyango lwehomoni lusebenza ngokubuyisela iihomoni ezilahlekileyo emzimbeni wakho nokubuyisela amanqanaba ehomoni yakho kwinqanaba elithile. Oku kuya kunceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu ezininzi ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla. Kunokunceda nokukhusela kwi-osteoporosis, isifo sokuncitshiswa kwamathambo esenzeka xa amanqanaba e-estrogen ehla.
Ngaba i-HRT kunye ne-HT zizinto ezimbini ezahlukeneyo?
Xa usiya kugqirha, unokuva omabini la magama. Unyango Lokutshintshwa Kwehomoni (HRT) kunye Nonyango Lwehomoni (HT). Akukho mahluko mkhulu phakathi kwala magama mabini. Ngokubanzi,
- Unyango lweeHormone (HT): Eli gama lingasetyenziswa kulo naluphi na unyango lweehomoni. Eli gama likwasetyenziswa kwizinto ezifana nonyango lweehomoni zomhlaza, unyango lwezinye iingxaki zeehomoni, njl. Eli gama likwasetyenziswa kunyango lwe-menopause.
- Unyango Lokutshintshwa Kwehomoni (HRT):Eli gama lisetyenziswa ngokukodwa ukubhekisa ekubeni "lithatha indawo" yeehomoni umzimba oyekile ukuzivelisa ngokwendalo. Eli gama lisetyenziswa ngokukodwa kunyango olunikwa umntu odlula ekupheliseni ukuya exesheni, ingakumbi ngaphambi kokuba abe neminyaka engama-40 ubudala.
Nangona kunjalo, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kuwe kukuqonda ukuba zombini ezi zinto zimalunga nokulawula iimpawu zokuya exesheni.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zonyango lwe-hormone:
Ugqirha wakho uza kukhetha unyango olukufaneleyo ngokusekwe kwiimpawu zakho, imbali yempilo, kunye nezinto ozithandayo. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili.
1. Unyango lwe-estrogen
Kulapho unikwa khona i-hormone ye-estrogen kuphela . Olu nyango ludla ngokucetyiswa kubafazi abasuswe isibeleko (hysterectomy) kuba iingozi zokuthatha i-estrogen yodwa ziphantsi kumntu ongenaso isibeleko.
Olu nyango lwe-estrogen lunokuthathwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo:
- Iipilisi eziginyiweyo
- Ipetshi
- Ijeli ethomalalisa ulusu
- Indandatho enxitywe kwilungu lobufazi
- Ikhrimu efakwe kwilungu lobufazi
- Iipilisi zesini
- Isifutho esisetyenziswa eluswini lwesandla.
2. Unyango oludibeneyo (i-estrogen kunye ne-progesterone)
Olu nyango lukunika zombini iihomoni ze-estrogen kunye ne-progesterone . Bonke abafazi abangakhange basuswe isibeleko sabo kufuneka bathathe i-progesterone (okanye i-progestin esebenza ngendlela efanayo) kunye ne-estrogen.
Kutheni kunjalo? Ukuba uthatha i-estrogen yodwa, inokubangela ukuba ulwelo lwesibeleko lujiye ngokungeyomfuneko, nto leyo enokunyusa umngcipheko womhlaza wesibeleko ngokuhamba kwexesha. I-hormone ye-progesterone ikukhusela kuloo ngozi.
Olu nyango ludibeneyo ludla ngokuza ngendlela yeepilisi okanye ibala lolusu. Ngamanye amaxesha iprogesterone inokunikwa ngesixhobo sangaphakathi kwesibeleko (IUD) esifakwa ngaphakathi kwilungu lobufazi.
Iindlela zonyango: Ezicwangcisiweyo nezikufutshane
Olu nyango lunokwahlulwahlulwa lube ngamacandelo amabini ngokusekwe kwindlela oluchaphazela ngayo umzimba. Wakuba ukuqondile oku, kulula ukukhetha okulungileyo kuwe.
| Indlela yonyango | Isebenza njani kwaye ifanelekile kubani? |
|---|---|
| Unyango lwehomoni olucwangcisiweyo | Kulapho iihomoni zongezwa khona egazini lakho kwaye zihamba emzimbeni wakho wonke. Ezi ziza ngendlela yeepilisi, iipatches, iijeli, kunye nezitshizi. Oku kulungele iimpawu ezichaphazela umzimba wonke, ezinje ngobushushu, ukubila ebusuku, kunye nokutshintsha kweemvakalelo . |
| Unyango lwehomoni lwasekuhlaleni | Kule meko, iihomoni zisetyenziswa kuphela apho kufuneka khona umphumo. Umzekelo, iikhrimu, iiringi, kunye neepilisi ezifakwa kwilungu lobufazi. Umthamo weehomoni kwezi zinto uphantsi kakhulu. Inani elincinci kakhulu longezwa egazini. Ukuba unengxaki yokoma kwelungu lobufazi kunye nentlungu , olu nyango lwanele. |
Zithini iingenelo zokuthatha unyango lokutshintshwa kweehomoni (HRT)?
Eyona nzuzo iphambili yolu nyango kukuba lunceda kwiimpawu ezikhathazayo zokuya exesheni, nto leyo ephucula kakhulu umgangatho wobomi bakho.
- Iimpawu eziphambili ziyanyamalala: izinto ezifana nobushushu obugqithisileyo, ukubila ebusuku, kunye nokoma kwelungu lobufazi phantse kuyaphela ngokupheleleyo.
- Yomeleza amathambo: Xa amanqanaba e-estrogen ehla, umngcipheko we-osteoporosis uyanda. I-HRT iyawunciphisa kakhulu lo mngcipheko.
- Ukuziva ungcono: Abanye abafazi bafumanisa ukuba olu nyango luphucula indlela abavakalelwa ngayo kwaye lubenza bazive bonwabile ngobomi.
- Lala kakuhle: Xa ukubila ebusuku kuyeka, ubuthongo abuphazamiseki.
- Ezinye iingenelo: Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba unyango oludibeneyo lunokunciphisa umngcipheko womhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu kunye nesifo seswekile.
Kodwa kukho iingozi ezithile ezibandakanyekileyo.
Njengalo naluphi na unyango, i-HRT ineengozi ezithile. Ngaphambi kokuba woyike kakhulu ngezi zinto, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba ezi ngozi azifani kuye wonke umntu.
Ezi ngozi azifani kuye wonke umntu. Ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, ezifana neminyaka yakho, impilo yakho, kunye nembali yempilo yosapho lwakho. Ke ngoko , kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngale nto ngononophelo nogqirha wakho. Uza kuvavanya izinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga kuwe aze enze isigqibo.
Ezinye iingozi ezinokubakho:
- Umhlaza wesibeleko: Oku kwenzeka kuphela xa umntu one-uterus ethatha i-estrogen yodwa. Le ngozi iyanyamalala xa ithathwa ne-progesterone.
- Amahlwili egazi kunye nokubetha kwesisu:Lo mngcipheko uphezulu kancinci, ingakumbi xa uthathwa njengepilisi. Lo mngcipheko uphantsi xa uthathwa njengepatch.
- Isifo senyongo: Umngcipheko wokuba namatye enyongo unokwanda kancinci.
- Umhlaza webele: Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba ukuthatha unyango oludibeneyo ixesha elide (ngaphezulu kweminyaka emi-5) kunokunyusa kancinci umngcipheko womhlaza webele. Nangona kunjalo, olu lwando luncinci kakhulu.
- Isifo sentliziyo: Ukuqala i-HRT emva kweminyaka eli-10 yokuya exesheni, oku kusemva kweminyaka engama-60, kunokunyusa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo. Nangona kunjalo, le ngozi ayifumaneki kangako kwabo baqala i-HRT kwangoko emva kokuba beya exesheni (bekwiminyaka yabo engama-50).
Ingancitshiswa njani ingozi?
- Qala unyango ngaphambi kokuba uneminyaka engama-60 okanye kwiminyaka eli-10 emva kokuya exesheni.
- Ukuba une-uterus, ngokuqinisekileyo sebenzisa i-progesterone.
- Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ukhethe indlela yonyango kunye nomthamo ofanelekileyo kuwe. (Umzekelo, ipatch endaweni yeepilisi)
- Phila ubomi obusempilweni (zilolonge rhoqo, yitya ukutya okunesondlo, kwaye ulawule ubunzima bakho)
- Fumana iimviwo zezifo zabasetyhini kunye ne-mammogram ngexesha elibekiweyo.
Ngubani olu nyango olungafanelekanga kuye?
Oogqirha abacebisi i-HRT kubantu abaneengxaki ezithile zempilo kuba iingozi zingaphezulu kunezibonelelo.
- Ukuba ukhe waba nomhlaza webele, umhlaza wesibeleko, okanye umhlaza wesibeleko
- Ukuba uphuma igazi kwilungu lobufazi ngenxa yesizathu esingaziwayo
- Ukuba ukhe waba namahlwili egazi ngaphambili okanye usengozini enkulu yokuba nawo
- Ukuba ukhe waba nestroke okanye isifo sentliziyo
- Ukuba ukhulelwe
- Ukuba unesifo sesibindi okanye senyongo
Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho?
Kunokubakho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci ekuqaleni konyango, kodwa ezi zihlala ziphela emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa njengoko umzimba uqhele.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo:
- Ukopha okungaqhelekanga (ukubonakala kwamabala)
- Intlungu yebele okanye ukuthamba
- Ukuhamba kweemvakalelo
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezingaqhelekanga:
- Ukudumba
- Intloko ebuhlungu
- Ukutshintsha kombala wolusu
- Ukwanda koxinano lwamabele (oku kunokwenza kube nzima ukukufunda ii-mammograms)
- Ukurhawuzelelwa okanye ukuba bomvu kwesikhumba apho kufakwa khona ibala
Ukuba ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga ziyakukhathaza, ungaze uyeke ukuzisebenzisa wedwa ezi ziyobisi.Thetha nogqirha wakho. Usenokukwazi ukusombulula ezi ngxaki ngokutshintsha idosi yakho okanye ukutshintshela kwenye indlela yonyango.
Ngaba zikho ezinye iindlela ezingasetyenziswa yi-HRT?
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Ukuba awukwazi ukuthatha i-HRT, okanye awuyithandi, kukho ezinye iindlela zokulawula iimpawu zakho. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale mpawu.
- Ukomisa kwelungu lobufazi: Izithambisi ziyafumaneka kwikhemesti.
- Ukuze uzive utshisa: Ezinye izidambisi-ntlungu zisetyenziswa ngeedosi eziphantsi.
- Amanye amayeza: Amayeza anikwa ezinye iimeko, ezifana ne-`(Gabapentin)` kunye ne-`(Clonidine)` anokunceda nakwiimpawu zokuya exesheni.
- Ii-SERM (ii-Selective estrogen receptor modulators): La ngamayeza asebenza njenge-estrogen, kodwa achaphazela kuphela iindawo ezithile zomzimba.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukuya exesheni akusosifo, kodwa yinxalenye yendalo yobomi. Kodwa iimpawu ezihambisana nako akufuneki ziphazamise ubomi bakho.
- Unyango lokutshintshwa kwehomoni (HRT) lunyango olusebenzayo kakhulu kwezi mpawu.
- Njengazo zonke iindlela zonyango, i-HRT ineengenelo kunye neengozi. Ugqirha wakho kuya kufuneka agqibe ukuba iingenelo zakho zingaphezulu kweengozi.
- Isigqibo sokuthatha i-HRT okanye ukungasithathi sisigqibo sobuqu. Buza ugqirha wakho imibuzo ude ucacelwe ngokupheleleyo ngale nto.
- Ukuba i-HRT ayikulungelanga, kukho ezinye iindlela zonyango, ngoko ke musa ukuphelelwa lithemba.
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