Xa ugqirha ekuxelela ukuba unomhlaza webele, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva usoyika, wothukile, kwaye unemibuzo emininzi. Xa ugqirha esithi, "Lo ngumhlaza weSigaba sesi-2" okanye "iBanga lesi-3," usenokuzibuza ukuba la magama athetha ukuthini ngokwenene. Kuqhelekile ukuziva usoyika ngakumbi xa usiva amagama anje. Nangona kunjalo, ukwaziswa ngokucacileyo ngezi zinto kuya kukunceda wena nosapho lwakho ukuba niqine engqondweni kwaye nenze izigqibo malunga nonyango lwexesha elizayo. Ngoko masithethe ngale nto ngokulula namhlanje.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza: 'Isigaba' kunye 'neBanga'?
Ewe, oku kumalunga nezinto ezimbini. Zombini ezi zinto zinika oogqirha ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga nohlobo lomhlaza wakho.
Kalula nje:
- Inqanaba lomhlaza: Cinga ngomhlaza njengomlilo omncinci oqala endlwini. Eli 'nqanaba' libhekisa ekubeni umlilo usasazeke kangakanani ngaphakathi endlwini, nokuba usasazeke ngaphaya kwebele ukuya kwii-lymph nodes ezisemakhwapheni okanye kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Okukhona inani lenqanaba liphantsi, kokukhona umhlaza usasazeke kancinci.
- Udidi loMhlaza: Cinga ngaloo mlilo kwakhona. 'Udidi' lubhekisa ekubeni umlilo unzima kangakanani kwaye usasazeka ngokukhawuleza kangakanani. Oogqirha bajonga iiseli zomhlaza phantsi kwemakroskopu ukuze babone ukuba zifana kangakanani neeseli eziphilileyo kwaye ziyahlukana ngokukhawuleza kangakanani. Okukhona udidi luphezulu, kokukhona umhlaza unokuba yingozi ngakumbi.
Zombini ezi nkcukacha zibaluleke kakhulu kugqirha ukuze akhethe indlela yonyango efanelekileyo kuwe.
Zithini izigaba zomhlaza webele?
Amanqanaba omhlaza webele achazwa kakhulu ngamanani ukusuka ku-0 ukuya ku-4. Ngamanye amaxesha oonobumba abanjengo-A, B, kunye no-C basetyenziswa ukuchaza ngakumbi la manqanaba.
| Iqonga | Intsingiselo nje |
|---|---|
| Inqanaba 0 | Eli lelona nqanaba lokuqala lomhlaza webele. Iiseli ezingaqhelekanga zingaphakathi kwimibhobho ethwala ubisi yebele kuphela. Azisasazekanga kwizicubu ezijikelezileyo. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-'Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS)'. |
| Inqanaba loku-1 (Inqanaba loku-1) | Lo mhlaza ngoku uhlasela, nto leyo ethetha ukuba usasazeke kwizicubu zebele eziphilileyo ezijikelezileyo. Kodwa ithumba lisencinci kakhulu (ngaphantsi kweesentimitha ezi-2) kwaye alisasazeki kwiindawo ze-lymph ezikufutshane, okanye lisasazeke kancinci. Okwangoku, amathuba okunyangwa aphezulu kakhulu. |
| Inqanaba lesiBini (Inqanaba lesi-2) | Umhlaza usenokuba mkhulu kancinci (phakathi kweesentimitha ezi-2-5) okanye usasazeke kwiindawo ezimbalwa ze-lymph ezikufutshane ekhwapheni. Kodwa umhlaza usaphelele kwindawo yebele nekhwapheni. |
| Inqanaba lesi-3 (Inqanaba lesi-3) | Eli linqanaba eliphambili kakhulu apha ekhaya . Umhlaza usenokuba usasazeke ngaphandle kwebele, uye eludongeni lwesifuba, eluswini, okanye kwii-lymph nodes ezikwikhwapha. Kodwa awukasasazeki kwiindawo ezikude ezifana nesibindi okanye imiphunga. |
| Inqanaba lesi-4 (Inqanaba lesi-4) | Eli nqanaba libizwa ngokuba yiMetastatic Breast Cancer . Oku kuxa umhlaza usasazeke ngaphaya kwebele kunye nee-lymph nodes ezikufutshane ukuya kwizitho ezikude ezifana namathambo, imiphunga, isibindi, okanye ubuchopho . |
Uvavanyo lomhlaza kunye nezinye iimvavanyo ezibalulekileyo
Ugqirha umisela umgangatho ngokuhlola iiseli zomhlaza ezifunyenwe ngotyando okanye nge-biopsy.
- Ibanga loku-1: Iiseli zomhlaza zifana kakhulu neeseli eziphilileyo. Zikhula kancinci.
- Ibanga lesi-2: Iiseli zomhlaza zahlukile kancinci kwiiseli eziphilileyo. Zikhula ngesantya esiphakathi.
- Ibanga lesi-3: Iiseli zomhlaza zahlukile kakhulu kwiiseli eziphilileyo kwaye zibonakala zingcolile. Zinokukhula kwaye zisasazeke ngokukhawuleza.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukwazi eli banga kuya kunceda kakhulu ugqirha wakho ukuba amisele imfuneko kunye nohlobo lonyango olufunekayo, olufana ne-chemotherapy.
Ukongeza, ugqirha wenza ezinye iimvavanyo ezibalulekileyo.
- Imeko yeHormone Receptor: Ezinye iiseli zomhlaza webele zisebenzisa iihomoni i-estrogen kunye ne-progesterone ukuze zikhule.
- I-ER-positive (ER+) ithetha ukuba umhlaza usebenzisa i-hormone ye-estrogen ukuze ukhule.
- I-PR-positive (PR+) ithetha ukuba kusetyenziswa i-hormone ye-progesterone.
- Ukuba ezi zilungile, umhlaza ungalawulwa ngokunikezelwa unyango lweehomoni.
- Imeko ye-HER2: `I-HER2` yiproteni elawula ukukhula kweeseli. Ezinye iiseli zomhlaza zivelisa kakhulu le protein ye-`HER2` (`I-HER2-positive`). Emva koko umhlaza unokukhula ngokukhawuleza. Kwimihlaza ye-`HER2-positive`, kukho amayeza athile (i-Targeted Therapy) ajolise kuloo protein.
Yintoni inkqubo ye-TNM?
Le yindlela eyamkelekileyo kwihlabathi liphela esetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukufumanisa ngokuchanekileyo inqanaba lomhlaza. Nangona isenokubonakala inzima kancinci, inokubonelela ngomfanekiso ochanekileyo womhlaza wakho.
- I-T (i-Tumor): Ilinganisa ubungakanani bomhlaza kunye nokuba usasazeke na kwizicwili ezingqongileyo.
- N (Amaqhuqhuva): Ilinganisa ukuba umhlaza usasazeke na kwiindawo ze-lymph ezikufutshane, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elingakanani.
- M (Metastasis): Ilinganisa ukuba umhlaza usasazeke na kwiindawo ezikude ngaphandle kwebele.
Inqanaba lilonke lomhlaza wakho limiselwa ngokudibanisa amanani anxulumene noonobumba ngamnye kwezi (umz. T1, N0, M0). Ukuba ubona naluphi na olu phawu kwingxelo yakho, ungoyiki ukucela ingcaciso kugqirha wakho.
Ngaba ngokwenene sifanele sikhathazeke ngeNqanaba lokusinda kweminyaka emi-5?
La mazwi abangela uloyiko engqondweni yomntu wonke. Oku kubhekisa kwinani labantu abali-100 abafunyaniswe benomhlaza kwinqanaba elithile abaya kuphila emva kweminyaka emi-5.
Kodwa khumbula oku: Ezi ziinkcukacha-manani nje ezisekelwe kwidatha evela kumawaka ezigulane. Abanakukwazi ukuqikelela imeko yakho.
- Kwimidlaza yasekuqaleni (eyakhiwe kwindawo ethile), eli zinga lifikelela kwi- 99% .
- Nangona eli zinga liphantsi xa umhlaza usasazeke kwizitho ezikude (ezikude/ezikwinqanaba lesi-4), ngenxa yonyango lwanamhlanje, abantu abaninzi baye bakwazi ukugcina umgangatho wobomi obuhle kwaye baphila iminyaka emininzi nangona benomhlaza wenqanaba lesi-4 .
Ngoko ke, musa ukudinwa zizibalo ezikwi-intanethi. Ingqwalasela yakho mayibe kukunamathela kwisicwangciso sakho sonyango esikhethekileyo.Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- 'Inqanaba' lomhlaza webele libhekisa ekubeni umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani na. 'Inqanaba' libhekisa kwindlela umhlaza ohlasela ngayo.
- Ukwazi inqanaba elichanekileyo kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza wakho kubalulekile ekumiseleni isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe.
- Umhlaza weSigaba sesi-4 (iMetastatic) awusosiphelo sobomi. Ngonyango oluphambili lwanamhlanje, le meko inokulawulwa kwaye iphile kakuhle.
- Ukuba kukho into ongayiqondiyo kwingxelo yakho, ungoyiki okanye ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Lilungelo lakho.
- Musa ukuhamba wedwa kolu hambo. Funa inkxaso kusapho lwakho, kubahlobo, nakumaqela enkxaso ukuba kuyimfuneko. Iya kukunika amandla amaninzi engqondo.
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