Ingaba kukho iqhuma entanyeni? Ngaba ingaba ngumhlaza we-thyroid? Masifunde ngeHürthle Cell Carcinoma

Ngaba uziva iqhuma entanyeni yakho? Okanye ngaba ukhe waphawula utshintsho kwilizwi lakho okanye ubunzima bokuginya kutshanje? Ezi zisenokuba zizinto eziqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, zinokuba luphawu lwengxaki ye-thyroid. Namhlanje sithetha ngomnye umhlaza ongaqhelekanga kodwa obaluleke kakhulu. Lowo yi-Hürthle cell carcinoma.

Yintoni iHürthle Cell Carcinoma?

Ngamafutshane, olu luhlobo olungaqhelekanga lomhlaza oluvela kwi-thyroid gland. Cinga ngalo njenge-gland encinci efana nebhabhathane engaphambili entanyeni yethu. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-thyroid gland . Imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu, ingakumbi imetabolism, ilawulwa zii-hormones eziveliswa yile gland.

I-Hürthle cell carcinoma luhlobo lomhlaza oluhlaselayo olukhula kwi-thyroid gland. Ezi thumba zinokubangela ubunzima bokuthetha nokuphefumla. Ukuba azinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, umhlaza ungasasazeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, njenge -lymph nodes, imiphunga, kunye namathambo . Unyango oluphambili loku kukuhlinzwa ukususa yonke okanye inxalenye ye-thyroid gland.

Le meko iwuchaphazela njani umzimba?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, lo mhlaza unokukhula emzimbeni ngaphandle kokubonisa zimpawu kwasekuqaleni. Kwabanye abantu, ufunyanwa ngengozi, ngexesha lovavanyo lwenye imeko.

Kodwa xa iimpawu ziqala ukubonakala, ungabona kuqala iqhuma elingaphambili entanyeni yakho. Njengoko la maqhuma ekhula, angaqala ukucinezela umphimbo wakho. Oku kunokwenza kube nzima ukuginya . Kwakhona, ukuba la maqhuma acinezela umphimbo wakho/umbhobho womoya, kunokubangela ubunzima bokuphefumla . Ngamanye amaxesha, la maqhuma anokuchaphazela iintambo zakho zelizwi kwaye abangele utshintsho kwilizwi lakho .

Nangona le meko inokuvela nakweyiphi na iminyaka, ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwama-55 ubudala nakubasetyhini . Nangona kunjalo, ayingomhlaza oqhelekileyo. Iyenzeka kubantu abambalwa, malunga ne-3% yabo bonke abantu abafumana umhlaza we-thyroid.

Ziziphi iimpawu eziphambili zesi sifo?

Nangona kusenokungabikho zimpawu zinkulu ekuqaleni, ezi mpawu zilandelayo zinokubonakala njengoko umhlaza uqhubeka. Ukuba ufumana nayiphi na kwezi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Kutheni olu hlobo lomhlaza luvela? Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?

Isizathu esichanekileyo soku asikaziwa okwangoku, kodwa abaphandi bafumanise izinto ezininzi ezonyusa umngcipheko wokufumana lo mhlaza.

• Imbali yosapho: Ukuba umama wakho, utata, okanye abantakwenu bakha baba nomhlaza we-thyroid, nawe usenokuba sengozini.
• Ukunqongophala kwe-iodine: Umzimba wethu udinga i-iodine yeminerali ukuze uvelise iihomoni ze-thyroid. Siyifumana ekutyeni esikutyayo. Ukunqongophala kwe-iodine ixesha elide kunokuba yinto ebangela umngcipheko.
• Ukuvezwa kwimitha: Oogqirha bakholelwa ukuba ukuvezwa kwimitha, njenge-X-ray okanye unyango lwemitha yomhlaza, nako kwandisa umngcipheko.

Ugqirha uluchonga njani ngokuchanekileyo olu sifo? (Ukuxilongwa)

Xa ubona ugqirha, uza kukuhlola, akubuze ngeempawu zakho, aze akubuze nangayiphi na imbali yosapho lwakho yokugula. Emva koko, banokwenza uvavanyo oluthile ukuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo.

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: I-thyroid gland ephilileyo ivelisa iproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-thyroglobulin. Kule meko yomhlaza, inqanaba lale proteni egazini linokuphakama.
• Iskeni yokuthathwa kwe-thyroid: Oku kuhlola iiseli zomhlaza kwi-thyroid gland. Inani elincinci le-iodine ene-radioactive lifakwa emzimbeni, kwaye i-PET scan isetyenziselwa ukuchonga iindawo zeeseli zomhlaza.
• I-Laryngoscopy: Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba iintambo zakho zelizwi zichaphazelekile na.
• Ukufuthwa kwenaliti encinci (i-FNA): Olu lolona vavanyo luqhelekileyo. Kusetyenziswa inaliti encinci kakhulu, kuthathwa isampulu encinci yeeseli kwiqhuma. Emva koko ihlolwa ngemakroskopu ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho iiseli zomhlaza na.
• Ukuxilongwa ngotyando (Lobectomy): Ngamanye amaxesha, i-biopsy yodwa ayinakuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa. Kwimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha uya kwenza utyando lokususa inxalenye ye-thyroid gland equlathe iqhuma aze alithumele ukuba liye kuhlolwa.
• I-CT scan: Ukuba umhlaza uqinisekisiwe, kwenziwa ezinye iimvavanyo, ezifana ne-CT scan, ukuze kubonwe ukuba usasazeke na kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Ahlelwa njani amanqanaba omhlaza?

Unyango lwalo naluphi na umhlaza lucwangciswa ngokusekelwe kwinqanaba lawo. Ngenxa yoku, oogqirha basebenzisa inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yokulinganisa i-TNM.

• T (Ithumba): Ubungakanani bethumba.
• N (I-Node): Ingaba umhlaza usasazeke na kwiindawo ezinamaqhuqhuva.
• M (Metastasis): Nokuba isasazeke na kwizitho ezikude emzimbeni.

Kolu hlobo lomhlaza, ubudala bomguli budlala indima ekumiseleni inqanaba. Umzekelo, ukuba umntu ongaphantsi kweminyaka engama-55 ubudala uba nesifo, sithathwa njengesigaba sokuqala (Isigaba soku-1 okanye sesi-2), nokuba ithumba likhulu kangakanani okanye lisasazeke na kwiindawo ze-lymph nodes.

Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?

Unyango oluphambili nolusebenzayo kwesi sifo lutyando . Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, ugqirha uza kususa yonke okanye inxalenye yendlala yegilo. Baza kususa naziphi na izigaxa apho umhlaza usasazeke khona. Kwiimeko ezininzi, olu tyando lunokususa ngokupheleleyo umhlaza.

Emva kotyando, kunikwa ezinye iindlela zonyango ukuthintela umhlaza ukuba ungabuyi.

• Unyango lwehomoni:Emva kotyando, ekubeni i-thyroid gland ingasekho, iihomoni eziveliswa yiyo kufuneka zithathwe njengepilisi ubomi bakho bonke. Oku kulawula nokukhula kweeseli zomhlaza.
• Unyango lwe-iodine olusebenzisa imisebe: Olu nyango lunikezelwa ukutshabalalisa naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza ezinokuthi zihlale emva kotyando.

Ingaba esi sifo singanyangeka? Bunjani ubomi emva konyango?

Ewe, le yimeko enyangekayo ngokupheleleyo kwiimeko ezininzi. Amathuba okuchacha aphezulu kakhulu, ingakumbi emva kokuba umhlaza ususiwe ngotyando. Uphononongo lwakutshanje lubonise ukuba ama-95% abantu abafunyaniswe benale sifo basaphila emva kweminyaka emi-5 kwaye ama-93% emva kweminyaka eli-10.

Emva konyango, ungaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba i-thyroid gland yakho isusiwe, kuya kufuneka uthathe amayeza okubuyisela i-thyroid hormone ubomi bakho bonke.

Kwakhona, ekubeni lo mhlaza ungaphinda ubuye ngamanye amaxesha, kubalulekile ukuba uye kugqirha ukuze ufumane unyango njengoko ugqirha emyalele. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu, ezifana nokudumba entanyeni yakho okanye utshintsho kwilizwi lakho, kufuneka wazise ugqirha wakho.