Khawuthelekelele ukuba unetshiso elincinci esandleni sakho ngelixa usebenza ekhitshini. Okanye unomkrwelo omncinci ngelixa udlala ikhilikithi. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive iintlungu ezincinci ngamaxesha anje. Kodwa kuthekani ukuba loo ntlungu incinci ayinyamezeleki, ibe nkulu kangangokuba uzive ufuna ukukhwaza? Leyo yimeko esithetha ngayo namhlanje, 'iHyperalgesia'. Olu luphawu kungekhona isifo. Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha ezithe vetshe.
Yintoni i-hyperalgesia ngokulula?
Intlungu ngokwenene yinxalenye eqhelekileyo yemizimba yethu esempilweni. Ifana nentsimbi yesilumkiso. Intlungu isixelela ukuba kukho into engalunganga, ukuba kukho into engalunganga emizimbeni yethu. Xa sisiva intlungu, sisabela ngokuzenzekelayo kuyo, sizama ukuyimisa intlungu. Khawucinge ukuba zingaphi iingozi ezinkulu esinokuzifaka kuzo ukuba besingeva intlungu.
I-Hyperalgesia yimeko apho intlungu ivakala khona kwinqanaba elinzima kakhulu kunesiqhelo, nokuba kufanele ukuba njalo. Ngamafutshane, impendulo kwintlungu iyanda. Oku kunokubangelwa zizizathu ezahlukeneyo, kwaye kudla ngokulawulwa ngonyango olufanelekileyo.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-Hyperalgesia kunye ne-Allodynia?
Nangona la magama mabini efana kancinci, kukho umahluko ocacileyo phakathi kwezi meko zimbini. Ukuze ukuqonde kakuhle oku, jonga itheyibhile engasezantsi.
| Imeko | Ivakala njani intlungu? | Umzekelo olula |
|---|---|---|
| I-Hyperalgesia | Ukuziva intlungu egqithisileyo, enganyamezelekiyo evela kwinto ekufanele ukuba ibuhlungu. | Intlungu ebuhlungu xa uchukumisa isitshiso esincinci esandleni. |
| I-Allodynia | Ukuziva intlungu evela kwinto engafanele ukubangela intlungu. | Ukuziva iintlungu nokuba impahla oyinxibileyo ikhuhla ulusu lwakho. |
Ngaba uyawuqonda umahluko? Kwi-hyperalgesia, intlungu ivela kwinto emele ukuba buhlungu, kodwa inzima. Kwi-allodynia, intlungu ivela kwinto emele ukuba buhlungu.
Le nto ibizwa ngokuba yiHyperalgesia yenzeka njani emizimbeni yethu?
I-Hyperalgesia itshintsha indlela umzimba wethu ovelisa kwaye uqhuba ngayo imiqondiso yentlungu. Oku kunokwenzeka ngeendlela ezininzi eziphambili:
- Umlinganiselo wokuva iintlungu uyancipha: Umlinganiselo wentlungu apho into edla ngokubonwa ingathandeki iba buhlungu uyancipha kakhulu kule meko. Oku kuthetha ukuba nento encinci inokubangela iintlungu.
- Impendulo iba namandla ngakumbi: Ii-receptor zentlungu zomzimba wethu ziba zininzi kwaye zisebenza ngakumbi kunesiqhelo. Oku kwenza intlungu ibe qatha ngakumbi.
- Imiqondiso yentlungu ayipheli: Kwanasemva kokuba unobangela wentlungu ususiwe, ii-receptors zentlungu ziba buthathaka kakhulu kwaye ziqhubeke nokuthumela imiqondiso yentlungu engqondweni.
Oku kunokwahlulwahlulwa kube ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili:
1. I-primary hyperalgesia: Oku kuxa intlungu ivakala kuphela kwindawo yokwenzakala. Umzekelo, ulusu olutshiswe lilanga luziva iintlungu ezingakumbi kwindawo yokwenzakala.
2. I-hyperalgesia yesibini: Kulapho intlungu ivakala khona kwiindawo ezijikeleze ukwenzakala, ezingadibaniyo nendawo yokwenzakala. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yotshintsho kwindlela inkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo esebenza ngayo imiqondiso yentlungu.
Ziziphi izizathu eziqhelekileyo ze-hyperalgesia?
Ngoku siyazi ukuba le meko ibangelwa zii-receptors zentlungu zomzimba wethu eziba buthathaka kakhulu. Zininzi izizathu ezinokubangela oku.
- Ukutsha (kuquka ukutsha lilanga)
- Ukuluma okanye ukulunywa zizinambuzane, izilwanyana ezirhubuluzayo, okanye ezinye izilwanyana
- Iimeko zomhlaza
- Iingxaki zokusetyenziswa kwamayeza athile ixesha elide (siza kuthetha ngale nto ngezantsi)
- Ukonakala kwemithambo-luvo okubangelwa sisifo seswekile (i-Diabetic Neuropathy)
- Izifo zomzimba (umz. iLupus, iMultiple Sclerosis)
- Iintsholongwane ezichaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo (umz. iiShingles, iHerpes virus)
- Iimeko ezifana ne-migraine
- Iintlungu ezingapheliyo ezifana ne-'Complex regional pain syndrome'
- Naluphi na uhlobo lokulimala kwangaphandle (njengokwaphuka kwamathambo, ukukrazuka kwemisipha, ukwenzakala kwemithambo-luvo)
Iintlungu ezikhulayo ngenxa yeziyobisi ezibulala iintlungu (i-Opioid-induced hyperalgesia - OIH)
Eli linqaku elibaluleke kakhulu nelibalulekileyo ekufuneka liqwalaselwe. Xa usebenzisa amayeza okubulala iintlungu e-opioid (anamandla kancinci) ixesha elide, ngamanye amaxesha isiphumo esibi esibizwa ngokuba yi-'Opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH)' sinokwenzeka. Oku kuthetha ukuba uvakalelo lomzimba kwiintlungu luyanda ngenxa yamayeza okubulala iintlungu athathwayo ukunciphisa iintlungu, nto leyo eyenza iintlungu zibe mandundu.
Oku akukokunyamezelana, nto leyo eyahlukileyo. I-OIH lutshintsho kwindlela umzimba ophatha ngayo iintlungu.
Yingakho oogqirha becinga kabini ngokunika amayeza okubulala iintlungu e-opioid ixesha elide. Ukuba umntu uba ne-OIH, ugqirha uhlala enciphisa umthamo weyeza kancinci kancinci aze ayeke ngokupheleleyo. Oku akunakukwenziwa ngaxeshanye, kuba kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziyingozi. Ke ngoko, oku kufanele kwenziwe kuphela phantsi kwengcebiso nolawulo lukagqirha.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-hyperalgesia?
Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu kunye nohlobo lwe-hyperalgesia. Unyango olunye okanye indibaniselwano yonyango ingasetyenziswa. Ngugqirha wakho kuphela oya kwazi ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele imeko yakho.
Nazi ezinye iindlela zonyango ezisetyenziswa rhoqo:
- Amayeza: Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zamayeza zisetyenziselwa oku. Umzekelo, `Acetaminophen` (Paracetamol), `NSAIDs` (Amayeza angengowe-steroidal anti-inflammatory), `Antidepressants`, amanye amayeza e-epilepsy, kunye ne-anesthetics yendawo efana ne-`Lidocaine`.
- Ukususwa kwemithambo-luvo: Oku kuquka ukucima okwethutyana imithambo-luvo ethumela imiqondiso yentlungu engafanelekanga. Oku kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa ukususwa kwemithambo-luvo okanye ngokufaka ikhemikhali efana neBotox.
- Ukuvalwa kwemithambo-luvo: Ukufaka iyeza lokuthomalalisa iintlungu kwimithambo-luvo ukuze kuthintelwe imiqondiso yentlungu ukuba ingafiki engqondweni.
- I-TENS (i-Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation): Indlela yokulawula imiqondiso yentlungu ngokuhambisa umbane omncinci kakhulu kumphezulu wesikhumba.
Ngawaphi amaxesha afanelekileyo okubonana nogqirha?
Intlungu ebangelwa yinto encinci, njengokutsha lilanga nje, idla ngokuphela emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba intlungu inzima kangangokuba ayinyamezeleki kwaye yenza kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla , okanye ukuba intlungu iyaqhubeka kangangeeveki , ngokuqinisekileyo luphawu lokuba kufuneka ubone ugqirha.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha xa kukho ukutsha okukhulu (kwinqanaba lesibini okanye ngaphezulu), okanye ukutsha entloko, ebusweni, okanye kwizitho zangasese. Ugqirha wakho uya kukwazisa nokuba intlungu yakho inzima ngokwaneleyo ukuba ifune uhambo oluya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU).
Ungalibali, iintlungu eziqatha zisisilumkiso esivela emzimbeni wethu. Ukungazinaki kuya kuyenza mandundu imeko engaphantsi okanye kuyenze intlungu ingapheli.
Abantu abanale meko abazenzisi iintlungu okanye bazenzele iintlungu zabo. Kungenxa yokuba kukho ingxaki ngokulungiswa kwentlungu emzimbeni wabo, yiyo loo nto intlungu iba qatha kakhulu. Ngoko ke ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uhlangabezana nolu hlobo lwentlungu engaqhelekanga, eyona nto ilungileyo nekhuselekileyo onokuyenza kukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Hyperalgesia yimvakalelo yentlungu enkulu neqatha ngaphezu kwesiqhelo xa kufanele iviwe. Ayisiyonto ingaqhelekanga.
- Oku kwahlukile kwi-allodynia, apho into engafanele ukuba buhlungu ivakala ibuhlungu.
- Ukwenzakala, usulelo, iimeko zempilo ezifana nesifo seswekile, kunye nokusetyenziswa ixesha elide kwezinye izithomalalisi zentlungu nako kunokubangela oku.
- Ungaze uzame ukuyixilonga ngokwakho le meko okanye ukuyinyanga ekhaya. Soloko ubona ugqirha.
- Ukungayinaki intlungu enzima kunokwenza imeko engundoqo ibe mandundu okanye kubangele ukuba intlungu ibe yingxaki engapheliyo.
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