Ingaba umntwana wakho omncinci ufumana usulelo oluphindaphindayo kwindlela yomchamo? (Ii-UTI eziphindaphindayo) Makhe sithethe ngale nto!

Ngaba umntwana wakho ngamanye amaxesha uthi, "Mama, kubuhlungu xa ndichama "? Okanye kufuneka achame rhoqo kunesiqhelo? Ngaba umbala nevumba lomchamo wakhe litshintshile? Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zosulelo lomchamo , okanye ii-UTI. Le meko ixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abancinci, ingakumbi amantombazana kunye nabafana abangazange bazinqumle ijwabu labo. Makhe sithethe ngayo ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje.

Zithini izifo zomchamo (UTIs)? Zithini izifo eziphindaphindayo ze-UTI?

Ngamafutshane, izifo zomchamo (UTIs) zizifo ezenzeka xa iintsholongwane zingena kwinkqubo yethu yomchamo, oko kukuthi, kwizintso, kwii-ureters, kwisinyi, okanye kwi-urethra.

Abanye abantwana abafumani nje ezi zifo zomchamo kube kanye, bayaqhubeka bebuya . Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-recurrent UTIs . Ukuba ezi azinyangwa kakuhle, zinokonakalisa nezintso, ingakumbi kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-6 ubudala. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela iimpawu zezi zifo kwaye uncede umntwana wakho.

Zithini iimpawu zosulelo lomchamo?

Iimpawu zosulelo lomchamo zingabandakanya:

• Intlungu okanye ukutsha xa uchama .
• Umntwana kufuneka achame rhoqo.
• Utshintsho kumbala (umz., umthubi omnyama, igazi elirhabaxa) okanye ivumba (ivumba elifana nelentlanzi) lomchamo .
• Ifiva .
• Ukuziva ubanda kwaye uqhaqhazela (ukubanda).
• Ukutya akunancasa .
• Isicaphucaphu, mhlawumbi ukuhlanza.
• Ukuba nentlungu esiswini esisezantsi.
• Ukuva iintlungu okanye ukungakhululeki emqolo ongezantsi.

Ngamanye amaxesha, nomntwana obeziphethe kakuhle ngaphambili unokuba nokuchama ebhedini okanye ukumanzisa impahla yakhe xa enentsholongwane yomchamo. Iintsana ezincinci kakhulu kunye nabantwana abancinci banokubonisa iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezinje ngomkhuhlane , ukuhlanza, ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya, okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle. Ke ngoko, kufuneka silumke kakhulu malunga notshintsho olunjalo kubantwana abancinci.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo zezifo zomchamo?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zosulelo lomchamo. Ezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zezi:

• I-Cystitis: Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo losulelo lomchamo . Ngamafutshane, lusulelo lwesinyi .Oku kwenzeka xa umchamo unyuka kwi-urethra (ityhubhu ethwala umchamo kwisinyi) uze ungene kwisinyi.
• I-Urethritis: Olu lusulelo lwe-urethra.
• I-Pyelonephritis : Olu lusulelo lwezintso . Lunokwenzeka xa umchamo osulelekileyo ubuyela kumchamo usuka kwisinyi uye kwizintso, okanye xa usulelo egazini lusasazeka luye kwizintso. Le yimeko embi kakhulu .

Zeziphi ezinye iimeko ezinokubangela usulelo oluphindaphindayo kwindlela yomchamo?

Usulelo oluphindaphindayo lwendlela yomchamo ngamanye amaxesha lunokunxulunyaniswa nezinye iimeko zempilo ezisisiseko. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• I-Vesicoureteral Reflux (VUR): Le meko ifumaneka kwi-30%–50% yabantwana abanezifo zomchamo. Le yimeko yokuzalwa . Kule meko, umchamo ovela kwisinyi ubuyela umva unyuka kwi-ureters (iityhubhu ezincinci ezithwala umchamo usuka kwizintso uye kwisinyi), ngamanye amaxesha uye kwizintso . Ukuba le mchamo ungasemva uneentsholongwane, unokubangela usulelo lwezintso olubizwa ngokuba yi-pyelonephritis.
• I-Hydronephrosis: Oku kwenzeka xa enye okanye zombini izintso zidumba. Oku kungenxa yokuba umchamo awukwazi ukuphuma kakuhle, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ubuyele umva uze uqokeleleke kwizintso. Oku kunokubangelwa yi-VUR enzima okanye ukuvaleka kwe-ureter. Abanye abantwana abane-hydronephrosis banokufuna ukuthatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane aphantsi yonke imihla ukuthintela usulelo lomchamo de imeko engaphantsi iphucuke okanye ilungiswe ngotyando.

Nangona kunjalo, usulelo oluphindaphindayo lwendlela yomchamo alusoloko lubangelwa zezi ngxaki zomzimba.

Umzekelo, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kokuphuma kwegazi - apho izihlunu ezifunekayo ukuze kukhutshwe isinyi zingaphumli kakuhle xa umntwana echama - yimbangela eqhelekileyo yosulelo lomchamo. Ukuchama rhoqo kunye nokuqhina kwesisu kwandisa umngcipheko wosulelo oluphindaphindayo.

Amaxesha amaninzi, iimeko ezingadibaniyo, ezifana nezifo zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ezonakalisa ukhuselo lwendalo lomzimba, zinokubangela ii-UTI eziphindaphindayo. Kwakhona, ukusebenzisa i-catheter yomchamo engangenwanga ziintsholongwane kunokuvumela iintsholongwane ukuba zingene kwindlela yomchamo zize zibangele usulelo.

Zifunyanwa njani iingxaki kwinkqubo yomchamo?

Ukuba umntwana unezifo eziphindaphindayo kwindlela yomchamo, kubalulekile ukuphanda ukuba ingaba kukho ingxaki efihlakeleyo kwinkqubo yomchamo . Kungcono ukuthumela abantwana abanezifo eziphindaphindayo kwi-urologist yabantwana ukuze kuchongwe unobangela wezifo.

Ezinye iingxaki zinokufunyaniswa ngaphambi kokuzalwa . Umzekelo, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -hydronephrosis eyenzeka ngaphambi kokuzalwa inokufunyaniswa kwi-ultrasound kwangethuba kwiiveki ezili-16. Kunqabile kakhulu, ukuba i-hydronephrosis ichaphazela zombini izintso kwaye iyingozi kwimveku, oogqirha banokucinga ngotyando losana olusandula ukuzalwa. Nangona kunjalo, amaxesha amaninzi, oogqirha bayayinyanga le meko emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe. Malunga nesiqingatha sezi meko ezifunyaniswa ngaphambi kokuzalwa ziyaphela ngexesha umntwana ezelwe.

Oogqirha baxhalabile kakhulu ngoxinzelelo lwegazi losana olusandul’ ukuzalwa olurhanelwa ukuba lune-hydronephrosis okanye olunye uhlobo lokungasebenzi kakuhle kwendlela yomchamo. Oku kungenxa yokuba ezinye iingxaki zezintso zinokubangela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. Basenokuyalela ukuba kwenziwe i-ultrasound ukuze bafumane umfanekiso ocacileyo wesinyi kunye nezintso. Ukuba imeko ibonakala ngathi ichaphazela zombini izintso, oogqirha banokuyalela ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga ukuba izintso zisebenza kakuhle kangakanani na.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo?

Ukuba kukho ukurhanelwa kokuba kukho into engaqhelekanga kwinkqubo yomchamo, oogqirha banokuyalela uvavanyo olufana nolu ukuze benze uxilongo oluchanekileyo:

• I-Ultrasound: Oku kusebenzisa amaza esandi asebenza rhoqo ukwenza imifanekiso yangaphakathi lomzimba. Kunokubona iingxaki zezintso, ii-ureters, kunye nesinyi. Kunokulinganisa ubukhulu kunye nokuma kwezintso.
• I-Renal Scan (i-Nuclear Scan): Oku kuquka ukufaka into ene-radioactive emthanjeni uze uyibukele idlula kwinkqubo yomchamo. Le nto ibonisa imilo yezintso, ukuba zisebenza kakuhle kangakanani, ukuba kukho nawuphi na umonakalo kwizicubu zezintso, kunye nendlela umchamo ohamba ngayo. Nangona imitha encinci ifunxwa ngexesha lovavanyo, ikhutshwa kumchamo.
• I-Voiding Cystourethrogram (i-VCUG okanye i-Cystogram): Oku kuquka ukufaka i-catheter (ityhubhu ethambileyo, engenanto) kwisinyi kwaye kudluliswe idayi engacacanga kuyo, kulandele i-X-ray. Oku kunokunceda ekuxilongeni i-VUR kunye nokuchonga iingxaki zesinyi okanye i-urethra.
• I-Contrast Enhanced Voiding Ultrasonography (CeVUS):Kufana ne-`(VCUG)`. Kule nto, kufakwa i-catheter kwaye isinyi sizaliswe yisisombululo esingabonakaliyo nge-X-ray, kodwa nge-`(Ultrasound).` Ukuba esi sisombululo sibonakala kufutshane nezintso, oko kuthetha ukuba umchamo ubuyela umva (i-reflux).
• I-Cystoscopy: Oku kuquka ukufaka isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-cystoscope (ityhubhu enelensi nomthombo wokukhanya) nge-urethra ukuze ijonge ngqo kwisinyi. Isetyenziswa xa ezinye iimvavanyo okanye iimpawu zibonisa ukuba kunokubakho ukungaqheleki kwesinyi.
• I-Magnetic Resonance Urography (MR-U): Le nkqubo isebenzisa i-MRI scan yenkqubo yomchamo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa iidayi okanye izinto ezine-radioactive. Ichanekile njengezinye ii-scan. Ngoku isetyenziswa kakhulu endaweni ye-Intravenous Pyelogram.
• I-Intravenous Pyelogram (IVP): Idayi engacacanga ifakwa emthanjeni, emva koko kuthathwa i-X-ray ukuze kubonwe indlela idayi ehamba ngayo kwinkqubo yomchamo. Olu vavanyo lusasetyenziswa ngamanye amaxesha, kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi luye lwatshintshwa yiRenal MRI kunye neRenal Scan.

Zinyangwa njani izifo eziphindaphindayo zomchamo?

Unyango lwezifo eziphindaphindayo zomchamo luxhomekeke kwisizathu . Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokuba lula njengokufundisa umntwana wakho ukuba akhuphe isinyi sakhe kwangoko nje ukuba azive efuna ukuchama .

Kodwa ukuba usulelo lubangelwa yimeko efana ne-VUR, isisombululo sinzima ngakumbi. Abantwana abane-VUR kufuneka bajongwe ngokusondeleyo , kuba oko kunokukhokelela kwizifo zezintso (pyelonephritis) kunye nomonakalo wezintso. Kodwa uninzi lwabantwana luyaphela xa bekhula . Abanye abantu banokufuna utyando ukuze kulungiswe i-reflux.

Abanye abantwana abane-VUR bayazuza ngokuthatha idosi encinci yemihla ngemihla yee-antibiotics. Oku kunokuthintela isidingo sotyando. Abantwana abane-VUR kufuneka bathunyelwe kwi-urologist yabantwana enokugqiba ukuba unyango lwe-antibiotics lolona khetho lufanelekileyo na.

Kwezinye iimeko, utyando luyafuneka ukuze kulungiswe i-VUR. Olona tyando luqhelekileyo lubizwa ngokuba yi -ureteral reimplantation . Oku kubandakanya ukuphinda ubeke i-ureter enye okanye zombini ngendlela eya kumisa umchamo ukuba ungaphumi umva usuka kwisinyi. Olu tyando lufuna ukunqunyulwa okuncinci kuphela. Kwabanye abantwana, lunokwenziwa kusetyenziswa i-laparoscopy encediswa yirobhothi. Ukuba utyando luyimfuneko, izinga lempumelelo liphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, alufanelekanga kuwo wonke umntu.

Utyando lokubuyisela umntwana kwisitho sangasese somnye (Ureteral Reimplantation) lunokufaneleka kubantwana aba:

• Ukuba awukwazi ukumelana nee-antibiotics.
• Ukuba uhlala ufumana usulelo oluphindaphindayo nangona usebenzisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.
• Ukuba une-reflux yomchamo enzima, okanye "ekumgangatho ophezulu".
• Abantwana abadala, oko kukuthi abantwana abancinci kunye nabakwishumi elivisayo, abanawo umchamo ongasebenziyo.

Enye indlela yokufakelwa kwakhona kwe-ureteral yi- endoscopic injection . Oku kuquka ukufaka into ekhethekileyo kwindawo apho i-ureter ingena khona kwisinyi ukuthintela i-VUR. Kule nkqubo, kufakwa ityhubhu encinci ebizwa ngokuba yi-endoscope nge-urethra iye kwisinyi. I-endoscope inekhamera encinci esiphelweni, ngoko ugqirha angayikhokela kwindawo echanekileyo aze ayifake loo nto. Oku kunceda ukuthintela ukuba umchamo ungabuyeli ezintsoni. Nangona i-endoscopic injection ingena kakhulu kunotyando, iziphumo azilunganga njengotyando. Ingcali ye-urologist yabantwana inokunceda iintsapho ukuba zigqibe ukuba loluphi unyango olungcono kumntwana one-VUR.

Abanye abantwana banezifo eziphindaphindayo ezingabangelwa ziziphene zomzimba okanye ezinye iingxaki ezinokunyangwa. Abantwana abanjalo banokufuna ukuthatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kangangeenyanga, kwaneminyaka, ukuthintela ukosuleleka kwakhona. Olu nyango lubizwa ngokuba yi-continuous antibiotic prophylaxis .

Unganceda njani njengomzali?

Ukwenza ezi zinto ekhaya kunokunceda ekuthinteleni abantwana ekufumaneni usulelo oluphindaphindayo lwendlela yomchamo:

• Sela ulwelo: Khuthaza umntwana wakho ukuba asele iiglasi ezisi-8 ukuya kwezili-10 zamanzi kunye nezinye izinto ezilulwelo ngosuku. Ijusi yeCranberry kunye neCranberry extract nazo zihlala zikhankanywa kuba kucingelwa ukuba ziyanceda ekuthinteleni iintsholongwane ze-E. coli ukuba zinganamatheli eludongeni lwesinyi. Nangona kunjalo, soloko ubuza ugqirha wakho ukuba kulungile na ukuba umntwana wakho asele ijusi yeCranberry okanye iCranberry extract, kuba zinokusebenzisana kakubi namanye amayeza.
• Imikhwa emihle yokuhlamba indlu yangasese: Ukuchama rhoqo nokuphepha ukuqhina kwesisu kunokunceda ekuthinteleni ukosuleleka kwakhona.
• Iibhafu Ezingenamaqamza: Kuphephe ukusebenzisa iibhafu ezinamaqamza kunye nesepha ezinevumba elimnandi ebantwaneni, kuba zinokwenza i-urethra ibe buthathaka ngakumbi.
• Tshintsha iinapukeni rhoqo: Iinapukeni mazitshintshwe rhoqo. Ukuba indle ihlala kwindawo yesini ixesha elide, inokutyhala iintsholongwane zinyuke ziye kwi-urethra ziye kwisinyi.
• Ukucoca ngokufanelekileyo: Amantombazana afanele azisule ukusuka ngaphambili ukuya ngasemva emva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese. Oku kuya kunceda ukukhusela umchamo kwiintsholongwane ezikwilindle ezinokubangela usulelo lomchamo.
• Iingubo zangaphantsi zekotoni:Ukunxiba impahla yangaphantsi yekotoni ephefumlayo akwenzeki ukuba iintsholongwane zikhule kufutshane ne-urethra kunokunxiba i-nylon okanye ezinye izinto ezenziwe ngokwenziwa.
• Ukuya kwindlu yangasese rhoqo: Abanye abantwana basenokuba mathidala ukusebenzisa indlu yangasese yesikolo. Okanye basenokuba baxakeke kakhulu ngumsebenzi okanye badlale kangangokuba abanakukwazi ukuchama . Abantwana abanezifo zomchamo kufuneka bachame ubuncinane rhoqo emva kweeyure ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-4 . Oku kunceda ukukhupha iintsholongwane kwindlela yomchamo.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho une-urinary tract infection, bonana nogqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza . Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa olunye uvavanyo lomchamo emva konyango ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-urinary virus iphelile ngokupheleleyo.

Ukuba umntwana wakho unezifo eziphindaphindayo zendlela yomchamo, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wezifo zomchamo zabantwana. Unokwenza uvavanyo olupheleleyo aze a-odole iimvavanyo ukujonga naziphi na iingxaki kwinkqubo yomchamo. Okwangoku, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho yokunyanga usulelo lwendlela yomchamo ngokuchanekileyo.

Into encinci malunga nekamva

Izifundo zakutshanje zifumanise ukuba abafazi nabantwana abanosulelo oluphindaphindayo lwendlela yomchamo banokuba namanqanaba aphantsi eentlobo ezithile ze-immunoglobulins (iqela leeproteni ezilwa nosulelo). Abanye abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba kunokuveliswa isitofu esinokunyusa imveliso yee-antibodies ezilwa nosulelo lwendlela yomchamo. Isitofu esithembisayo sele sivavanywa ukukhusela kwi-E. coli, intsholongwane edla ngokubangela usulelo lwendlela yomchamo.

Okokugqibela, khumbula oku (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke ngokwezinto esithethe ngazo namhlanje, kufuneka ukwazi ukuqonda ukuba zeziphi izifo zomchamo ezibantwaneni abancinci, kwenzeka ntoni xa ziphinda zibuya, kunye nento omawuyenze. Akukho nto yokoyika, kodwa kufuneka uqaphele .

• Qaphela iimpawu: Lumka iimpawu ezifana neentlungu xa uchama , ukuchama rhoqo, kunye nomkhuhlane.
• Bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko: Ukuba unamathandabuzo, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.
• Khangela izizathu ezingundoqo: Ukuba unezifo eziphindaphindayo, funa ingcebiso ekhethekileyo. Usenokuba nengxaki efana ne-`(VUR)`.
• Mfundise imikhwa emihle: Mvumele umntwana wakho asele amanzi amaninzi, mkhuthaze ukuba achame rhoqo, kwaye umgcine ecocekile.
• Landela imiyalelo kagqirha: Landela unyango ngokuchanekileyo.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukunyamekela impilo yomntwana wakho. Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luza kuba luncedo kuwe!

Usulelo lwendlela yomchamo , ii-UTI eziphindaphindayo, iiPediatrics, usulelo lwezintso, i-VUR, i-Hydronephrosis, inkqubo yomchamo