Xa unesifo somkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane, uya kugqirha wosapho lwakho. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuya kuba ngcono kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha akubi njalo. Ezinye izifo zinzima kakhulu, kunzima ukuzifumanisa, kwaye aziphenduli kumayeza aqhelekileyo. Kulapho ke sidinga khona uncedo logqirha onolwazi olukhethekileyo. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngogqirha onjalo. Lowo nguGqirha weSifo esiThathelanayo (ID), okanye njengoko sitsho ngesiNgesi.
Ngubani le ngcali yezifo ezosulelayo?
Ngamafutshane, lo ngugqirha ofumene uqeqesho olukhethekileyo kwizifo ezosulelayo, izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane ezingena emizimbeni yethu. Ezi ntsholongwane zizinto ezincinci esingenakuzibona ngamehlo ethu. Kukho iintlobo ezine ikakhulu.
- Iintsholongwane: Njenge-coronavirus kunye ne-dengue virus.
- Iintsholongwane: Zibangela izinto ezifana nosulelo lomphimbo kunye nosulelo lomchamo.
- Ifungi: Ibangela izifo zesikhumba ezifana ne-ringworm.
- Iintsholongwane: Zibangela izinto ezifana nemalariya kunye nezifo zeempethu.
Ezi zinto ziphilayo zikho kuyo yonke indawo. Ngamanye amaxesha zihlala emizimbeni yethu ngaphandle kokubangela naziphi na iingxaki. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zingena emizimbeni yethu zisigulise. Ezi zifo zinokuqala kumkhuhlane oqhelekileyo ukuya kwiimeko ezisongela ubomi.
Ngamafutshane, aba gqirha abaziingcali bafana nabaphandi abakhangela iintsholongwane emizimbeni yethu. Basebenzisa nezona nkcukacha zincinci kwimbali yezonyango zesigulana kunye neengxelo zelebhu ukuze bafumane ukuba yintoni ebangela esi sifo kunye nendlela yokusilawula.
Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ubone ingcali kuyo yonke intsholongwane onayo. Ugqirha oqhelekileyo unokunyanga uninzi lwezifo ezixhaphakileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba intsholongwane ayiqhelekanga , inzima , inzima , okanye ayipheli , ngoko ke kunokufuneka ubone ingcali.
Yintoni indima yaba gqirha abaziingcali?
Aba gqirha bagxile ekuxilongeni, ekulawuleni, nasekunyangeni izifo ezosulelayo ezibukhali nezingapheliyo. Bahlala besebenzisana nezinye iingcali. Eminye yemisebenzi yabo ephambili ibandakanya:
- Uxilongo: Sinceda ekuxilongeni izifo ekunzima ukuzixilonga, ezintsonkothileyo kunye nezifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane.
- Ukuchonga intsholongwane: Ukuchonga kanye kanye ukuba yeyiphi intsholongwane ethile, ibhaktheriya, okanye enye into ebangela iimpawu zakho.
- Uphando:Siphanda ngendlela ezi ntsholongwane ezichaphazela ngayo amalungu ahlukeneyo emizimba yethu kunye nendlela ezichaphazela ngayo uluntu.
- Ukuqonda izifo ezintsha: Bahlala beqaphela izifo ezisanda kuvela ehlabathini kunye neentsholongwane ezitshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha.
- Ubuchule kwi-Antibiotics kunye ne-Vaccinations: Banolwazi olunzulu nge-Antibiotics, i-Antivirals, kunye ne-Vaccinations.
Kutheni uthunyelwa kwingcali yezifo ezisulelayo?
Amaxesha amaninzi, ugqirha wakho wosapho (uGqirha weNkathalelo ePhambili - PCP) okanye omnye umntu ochwephesha onyangayo uza kukuthumela kolu hlobo logqirha. Kunokubakho izizathu ezininzi zoku.
Khawuthelekelele ukuba unerhashalala engaqhelekanga nengathandekiyo eluswini lwakho. Ukuba ugqirha wakho wesikhumba ukrokrela ukuba lusulelo olungaqhelekanga, angakuthumela kwingcali yezifo ezosulelayo. Umzekelo, ukuba umntu ebene-pneumonia ixesha elide, ingcali yezifo zomphunga ingabonisana nengcali yezifo ezosulelayo.
Itheyibhile engasezantsi ingakuchaza ngakumbi oku.
| Isizathu sokudluliselwa | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukuxilongwa okuntsonkothileyo | Xa kurhanelwa ukuba kukho usulelo okanye intsholongwane engaqhelekanga nekunzima ukuyibona. |
| Umkhuhlane ongachazwanga | Umkhuhlane ongapheliyo ongapheliyo ongenasizathu sicacileyo (Umkhuhlane wemvelaphi engaziwayo). |
| Ukumelana nama-Antibiotic | Xa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane anikiweyo engenakulawula usulelo, funa ingcebiso ngezinye iindlela zonyango. |
| Usulelo lwexesha elide | Ukulawula izifo ezifuna unyango olukhethekileyo lwexesha elide, ezifana ne-HIV/AIDS kunye ne-Hepatitis. |
| Izifo ezenzeka emva kohambo | Iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga ezenzeka emva kokuhamba phesheya (umz. imalariya, i-typhoid). |
| Inani eliphezulu leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi | Ukuba inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi liphezulu kwiingxelo zegazi, jonga ukuba kukho usulelo olubangela oko na. |
Ziziphi iimeko zonyango eziqhelekileyo abanyangayo?
Kukho amawaka ezifo ezosulelayo ehlabathini. Nazi ezinye zezifo ezinyangwa ziingcali zezifo ezosulelayo:
- I-HIV/AIDS: Intsholongwane ye-Human Immunodeficiency kunye ne-AIDS.
- Isifo sephepha (TB): Usulelo lwebhaktiriya oluchaphazela kakhulu imiphunga.
- IHepatitis B kunye neC: Iintsholongwane ezichaphazela isibindi.
- I-Meningitis: Usulelo olunzima olubangela ukudumba kweenwebu ezigubungela ingqondo kunye nomqolo.
- Isifo seLyme: Isifo esithwalwa ziincukuthu.
- I-Complicated Pneumonia: Usulelo lwemiphunga olungaphenduliyo kunyango oluqhelekileyo.
- Usulelo lwamathambo namalungu: Lufana ne-Osteomyelitis.
- Izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (ii-STI): Zinzima kwaye zinzima ukunyanga iimeko.
- I-Clostridium difficile (C. diff): Usulelo olukhulu lwamathumbu.
- Amayeza okuHamba: Izifo ezifana nemalariya, idengue, kunye netyphoid.
Yintoni omele uyilindele xa undwendwela lo gqirha?
Xa undwendwela ingcali efana nale, iya kukubuza umbuzo oneenkcukacha ezininzi malunga nembali yakho epheleleyo yezonyango kunye neempawu. Eminye yemibuzo onokuyibuzwa yile:
- Iimpawu: Zeziphi iimpawu onazo? Ziqale nini? Ngaba ziya zisiba mandundu okanye zingcono?
- Imbali yezonyango: Zeziphi izifo, utyando, kunye namayeza owakha wawafumana ngaphambili?
- Indalo nendlela yokuphila: Uyintoni umsebenzi wakho? Ngaba ukhe waya naphi na kutshanje, ingakumbi kwilizwe lasemzini? Ngaba unezilwanyana zasekhaya ekhaya? Ngaba uchitha ixesha elininzi ngaphandle?
Emva kwale mibuzo, ugqirha uza kukuhlola ngokwasemzimbeni. Emva koko, uza kuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze ancede ekufumaneni imeko echanekileyo.
Uvavanyo abanokuluyalela
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga ukuba kukho usulelo, inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kunye nee-antibodies kwiintsholongwane ezithile.
- Uvavanyo lomchamo: Ukufumanisa izinto ezifana nosulelo lomchamo.
- Iisampuli zendle: Jonga ukuba azikho na izifo zamathumbu okanye iintsholongwane.
- Iiswabhu zomqala : Chonga iintsholongwane ezibangela usulelo lomqala.
- Ukuhlolwa kweethishu: Ukuthathwa kweqhekeza elincinci lethishu kwindawo enesifo ukuze lihlolwe.
- Iiskeni zemifanekiso: Ii-X-reyi, ii-CT scans, kunye nee-MRI scans zingasetyenziselwa ukubona indlela usulelo olusasazeke ngayo emzimbeni.
- Ukubhoboza umqolo/Ukubhoboza i-Lumbar: Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukuba kukho ukurhanelwa kokuba kukho usulelo lwengqondo okanye lomqolo (olufana ne-meningitis).
Uba njani yingcali yezifo ezisulelayo?
Olu luhambo olude kakhulu noluzinikeleyo. Aba gqirha banezidanga zobugqirha njengabanye oogqirha, kodwa ukongeza, baqeqeshwa iminyaka emininzi kwi-immunology kunye ne-epidemiology.
- I-Immunology: Uphando lwendlela esebenza ngayo inkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela kunye nendlela iintsholongwane eziyichaphazela ngayo.
- I-Epidemiology: Isayensi efunda isizathu nendlela izifo ezisasazeka ngayo kuluntu, kunye nezinto eziluchaphazelayo.
Ngamafutshane, bachitha iminyaka eliqela kwizonyango zangaphakathi emva kokugqiba izifundo zonyango, kulandele iminyaka emibini okanye ngaphezulu yoqeqesho oluncinci kwizifo ezosulelayo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, banolwazi olukhulu ngeentsholongwane kunye nendlela ezichaphazela ngayo imizimba yethu.
Ukuba unesifo esosulelayo esinzima ukuxilonga okanye ukunyanga ugqirha wakho, banokukuthumela kwingcali yesifo esosulelayo. Baza kusebenza nogqirha wakho kunye nabanye ababoneleli bezempilo ukulawula imeko yakho kwaye bakuncede uphinde uphile.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ugqirha wezifo ezosulelayo yingcali enyanga izifo ezinzima, ezingaqhelekanga, okanye ezingapheliyo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane.
- Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ubone le ngcali xa unentsholongwane eqhelekileyo. Udla ngokuthunyelwa ngugqirha wosapho lwakho.
- Ubuchule babo bubalulekile kwiimeko ezifana nomkhuhlane ongachazwanga, usulelo olunganyangekiyo kumayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, i-HIV/AIDS, kunye nesifo sephepha.
- Baza kubuza ngembali yakho epheleleyo ukuze bafumanise isifo kwaye banokuyalela iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo.
- Bafana "nabaphandi bezonyango" abafuna izifo ezibangela izifo. Basebenza nogqirha wakho oyintloko ukuze akunike unyango olungcono.
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