Ngaba wakha waya esibhedlele? Okanye wakha waya kubona isigulana? Mhlawumbi uyakhumbula ukuba ngaphambi kotyando olukhulu okanye uvavanyo olukhethekileyo, ugqirha okanye umongikazi wayezisa ifayile aze athi, "Sayina oku." Kukho amaxesha apho sonke sisayina ngaphandle kokucinga kakhulu. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba olo tyikityo alulophawu nje olusephepheni, sesona sigqibo sibalulekileyo oza kusenza malunga nempilo yakho? Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-"Informed Consent."
Yintoni 'Imvume Enolwazi'?
Ngamafutshane, imvume enolwazi yinkqubo yokufumana imvume yakho ngokukwazisa ngokupheleleyo ngonyango okanye uvavanyo oza kulwenza. Ayisiyonto nje yokutyikitya. Yingxoxo ebaluleke kakhulu phakathi kwakho nogqirha okunyangayo.
Kule ngxoxo, kukho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka ugqirha akuchazele zona:
- Luluphi unyango/uvavanyo oluza kwenziwa: Yintoni kanye kanye eza kwenziwa kuwe? Ibizwa ngokuba yintoni? Iza kwenziwa njani?
- Iingenelo: Uza kufumana ntoni kolu nyango? Ngaba isigulo sakho siza kuba ngcono? Ngaba iimpawu zakho ziya kuncipha?
- Iingozi kunye nemiphumo emibi: Zonke iinkqubo zonyango zinomngcipheko othile. Umzekelo, ukuba inxeba linokusuleleka emva kotyando, ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba umntu angabi namdla wokusebenzisa i-anesthesia, okanye ukuba kukho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho ngamayeza athile. Zonke ezi zinto kufuneka zicaciswe kuwe ngokucacileyo.
- Ezinye iindlela: Ngaba zikho ezinye iindlela zonyango onokukhetha kuzo ngaphandle kwale? Zithini? Zithini izinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga ngazo?
- Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba awufumani unyango: Yintoni enokwenzeka kwimpilo yakho ukuba uyala olu nyango.
Emva kokuchaza konke oku, ugqirha kufuneka akunike ithuba lokubuza nayiphi na imibuzo onayo. Ukuba uyiqonda yonke into uze uthi, "Kulungile, ndiyavuya ngale nto," yiloo nto ibizwa ngokuba yi "Giving Consent." Le yinto egunyaziswa ngumthetho kunye nemigaqo yokuziphatha kwezonyango.
Kutheni le mvume inolwazi ibaluleke kangaka?
Khawucinge nje ukuba uceba uhambo nomhlobo wakho. Umhlobo wakho akakuxeleli ukuba uyaphi, ukuba kuza kubiza malini, okanye ukuba uza kwenza ntoni. Ukuba uthi nje, "Masihambe," ungahamba? Hayi. Uya kuphela emva kokuba uve zonke iinkcukacha kwaye ukhululekile. Kunjalo ke ngale nto.
Inkqubo yokuvuma okusekelwe kulwazi ikhusela wena kunye nogqirha.
- Ukhuseleko olufumanayo:Uyazi kakuhle into eza kwenzeka kuwe. Ngoko ke akufuneki uzisole kamva, uthi, "Owu, bendingazi ukuba oku kuza kwenzeka." Unelizwi lokugqibela kwinto oyenzayo ngomzimba wakho. Oku kukunika ukuzithemba okukhulu namandla.
- Ukukhuselwa ngugqirha: Xa yonke into ichazwe kwaye unyango lwenziwa ngemvume yesigulana, imiba yezomthetho kunye nokungaqondani okunokuvela kamva kunokuthintelwa kakhulu.
Ngamafutshane, oku kukwenza ube ngumntu othatha inxaxheba kwinkonzo yakho yokhathalelo lwempilo. Awungomntu ofumana unyango nje kuphela, kodwa uyinxalenye yenkqubo yokwenza izigqibo.
Ziziphi izinto ezifuna imvume enolwazi?
Ngokubanzi, imvume yakho enolwazi iyafuneka ngaphambi kokuba naluphi na uvavanyo okanye unyango olubandakanya naluphi na umngcipheko. Oku kuquka iingozi zomzimba kunye neengozi kubumfihlo bakho. Itheyibhile engezantsi ibonisa ngokucacileyo ezinye zezi meko.
| Inkqubo/ithuba lezonyango | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Utyando | Naluphi na uhlobo lomsebenzi omkhulu okanye omncinci. |
| I-Anesthesia | Ukukunika i-anesthesia epheleleyo okanye engaphelelanga ngaphambi kotyando. |
| Iibhayoloji | Ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lesicwili emzimbeni uze ulihlolisise. |
| Utofelo-gazi | Ukunika umzimba wakho igazi livela ngaphandle. |
| Unyango lomhlaza | Unyango olufana ne-radiation kunye ne-chemotherapy. |
| Uvavanyo lwezonyango | Ukuba uthatha inxaxheba kuphando malunga neyeza okanye unyango olutsha. |
| Uvavanyo olwenziwe ngaphakathi emzimbeni | Umzekelo, iimvavanyo ezibandakanya ukufakwa kwekhamera emzimbeni, ezifana ne-endoscopy. |
| Amayeza anobungozi obukhulu | Ngaphambi kokuba unike amayeza anobungozi obukhulu, afana nezinye iipilisi zokudambisa iintlungu ezinamandla (umz., ii-opioids). |
Ukongeza, ukuba ulwazi lomntu siqu, olufana neerekhodi zakho zonyango, lunikwe omnye umntu okanye umbutho, imvume yakho nayo iyafuneka.
Kuthetha ukuthini ngokwenene ukuthi 'Ndinike imvume yam'?
Ngokusayina nokunika imvume, uthi, "Ugqirha undichazele yonke into, ndiyaqonda yonke into, ngoko ke ndingathanda ukufumana olu nyango."
Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo apha yile.
Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ukwenze oku kuba nje ukusayinile. Ungayirhoxisa imvume yakho nangaliphi na ixesha, kungekuphela nje ngaphambi kokuba unyango luqale, kodwa nasemva kokuba luqalile ukuba uziva ngathi kufuneka uyeke.
Eli lilungelo lakho elisisiseko. Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye uziva ungakhululekanga, unelungelo elipheleleyo lokucela ukuba uyeke unyango nangaliphi na ixesha.
Ngaba kukho iimeko ezikhethekileyo apho imvume enolwazi ingadingeki khona?
Ewe, kwezinye iimeko ezingxamisekileyo kunye neemeko ezikhethekileyo, oogqirha kufuneka banyange ngaphandle kwale nkqubo ipheleleyo. Nazi ezinye zeemeko ezinjalo:
- Xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo: Khawuthelekelele umntu obengekho zingqondweni emva kwengozi enkulu yendlela eziswa kwi-ETU (iYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo). Akakwazi ukuthetha, akazi nokuba ungubani. Kodwa kufuneka utyando olungxamisekileyo ukuze kusindiswe ubomi bakhe. Kwimeko enjalo, oogqirha baqala unyango ngenjongo yokusindisa ubomi, ngaphandle kokulinda imvume yesigulana. Kodwa bazama ukufumana nokwazisa usapho ngokukhawuleza.
- Xa isigulana sigula kakhulu ukuba singagqiba: Umntu okwi-coma okanye ongakwaziyo ngokwengqondo ukwenza isigqibo akanakuvuma. Kwimeko ezinjalo, imvume ifunyanwa kumgcini osemthethweni okanye kwisalamane esisondeleyo.
- Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18: Ngokwesiqhelo, phantsi komthetho waseSri Lanka, izigqibo zonyango zomntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 zenziwa ngabazali bomntwana okanye ngabagcini bakhe abasemthethweni. Ngoko ke, ukuba umntwana wenza into efana notyando, ngabo ekufuneka batyikitye baze banike imvume.
Xa sifuna unyango, ingakumbi ukuba yingxamiseko, sinokuziva sisoyika kwaye sixhalabile. Sisenokungawaqondi amazwi athethwa ngoogqirha, amagama ezonyango. Ngamaxesha anjalo, sinokucinga, "Owu, andinakugqiba ngezi zinto."
Kodwa khumbula, awungomntu ungenakunceda. Le nkqubo yeMvume enolwazi yenzelwe ukukunika amandla. Buza imibuzo ude uqonde. Buza kungekuphela nje kube kanye, kodwa izihlandlo ezilishumi. Ungoyiki ukubuza, "Gqirha, andiyiqondanga into oyithethileyo, ungaphinda uyichaze ngokulula?" Lilungelo lakho elo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwenza isigqibo ngomzimba wakho ngokuqonda ngokupheleleyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Imvume enolwazi ayisiyonto nje yokutyikitya, yincoko ebalulekileyo phakathi kwakho nogqirha wakho.
- Ngaphambi kokuba ufumane naluphi na unyango okanye uvavanyo, unelungelo lokwazi ngeenzuzo zalo, iingozi, kunye nezinye iindlela .
- Ukuba awukacaci ngento ethile, ungaze woyike ukubuza imibuzo ude uyiqonde .
- Nokuba usayina kwaye unike imvume, unelungelo elipheleleyo lokurhoxisa loo mvume nangaliphi na ixesha .
- Kwimeko engxamisekileyo esongela ubomi apho ungakwazi ukuthetha, oogqirha banokukunyanga ngaphandle kokufuna ukusindisa ubomi bakho.
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