Xa kunzima ukuphefumla, xa isifuba sakho sivakala siqinile, okanye xa uziva unesizungu, uninzi lwethu lucinga ngoko nangoko nge-inhaler. Esi sixhobo sincinci onokusibamba esandleni sakho sinokusindisa ubomi bakho ngamanye amaxesha. Kodwa bangaphi kuthi abasaziyo ngokwenene ngale inhaler? Zingaphi iintlobo ezikhoyo? Ngaba uhlobo olufanayo lunikwa zonke izifo? Kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ulusebenzisa njani kanye kanye? Kulungile, masithethe ngazo zonke ezi zinto ngokulula nangokucacileyo namhlanje.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-inhaler?
I-inhaler sisixhobo esincinci osibamba ngesandla sakho kwaye sihambisa amayeza ngqo emiphungeni yakho. Sisebenza ngokukhawuleza ngokuthumela amayeza ngqo kwimigudu yakho yomoya, sinikezela ngoncedo. Sisetyenziswa kakhulu ukuvula imigudu yakho yomoya evalekileyo okanye ukunciphisa ukudumba kwimiphunga yakho. Ezi inhaler zenzelwe ukuhambisa amayeza njengomgubo owomileyo, isitshizi sedosi esilinganisiweyo, okanye inkungu ethambileyo.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-inhaler kunye ne-nebulizer?
Abantu abaninzi bayadideka aba bantu babini. Zombini ii-inhaler kunye nee-nebulizers zisetyenziselwa ukunika amayeza ezifo zemiphunga. Kodwa kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezi zimbini. Masibone ukuba zeziphi.
| Uphawu | Isixhobo sokuphefumla | I-Nebulizer |
|---|---|---|
| Ubungakanani kunye nokuma | Incinci, ungayiphatha nasepokothweni yakho. (Iphathwa ngesandla) | Inkulu kwaye idla ngokusetyenziswa etafileni. |
| Amandla | Akukho mbane okanye iibhetri ezifunekayo. | Kufuneka iqhagamshelwe kumbane, kungenjalo isebenza ngeebhetri. |
| Indlela yokulawula | Iyeza lithathwa ngokufutha kube kanye. | Umphunga uphefumlwa ngemaski okanye umlomo imizuzu eliqela. |
| Ukulula kokusetyenziswa | Kulula ukuyisebenzisa xa uhamba okanye xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo. | Ilungele ukusetyenziswa ekhaya nasezibhedlele. Ilungele ukunika amayeza abantwana abancinci kunye nabo banezifo ezinzima. |
Ngubani ofuna i-inhaler?
Ii-inhalers zidla ngokusetyenziswa ngabantu abanezifo zemiphunga ezihlala ixesha elide ezifana ne -asthma kunye ne-COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder) . Aba bantu banikwa iintlobo ezimbini zee-inhalers.
1. Ii-Inhalers zemihla ngemihla/zokuthintela: Ezi zisetyenziswa imihla ngemihla ukulawula iimpawu nokuthintela ukudumba.
2. Ii-Inhalers ezisebenza ngokukhawuleza/ezihlangulayo: Ezi zisetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngoncedo olukhawulezileyo ngexesha lokuhlaselwa sisifo sesifuba okanye xa i-COPD ivutha kwaye ukuphefumla kuba nzima. Le yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi-"rescue inhaler".
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba usebenzise i-inhaler oyinikwe ngugqirha kuphela. Ungaze usebenzise i-inhaler yomnye umntu.
Nokuba umntu ongenaso isifo sesifuba, ugqirha ngamanye amaxesha unokumnika i-inhaler okwethutyana kwizifo zokuphefumla ezifana ne-bronchitis.
Iintlobo eziphambili zee-inhaler kunye namayeza ezinawo
Izixhobo zokungenisa umoya zingahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezintathu eziphambili. Kwaye neentlobo zamayeza eziwanikelayo nazo zahlukile. Makhe sijonge oku ngokusondeleyo.
Iintlobo zezixhobo ze-inhaler
- IiMetared Dose Inhalers (MDIs): Ezi zezona sizibiza ngokuba "zii-puffers". Eli yeza likwibhokisi phantsi koxinzelelo. Xa silicinezela, eli yeza likhutshwa ngokukhawuleza njenge-spray. Ngelo xesha, kufuneka siphefumle kakuhle.
- Ii-Dry Powder Inhalers (DPIs): Ezi ziqulathe iyeza elikwimo yomgubo. Iyeza alikhutshwa. Xa siphefumla ngokukhawuleza nangokunzulu,Le yindlela ezi mpuphu ezithunyelwa ngayo emiphungeni. Ziza ngeemilo ezahlukeneyo, njengetyhubhu okanye idiski engqukuva (umz. iDiskus®, iHandiHaler®).
- Ii-Soft Mist Inhalers: Ezi zixhobo ziguqula amayeza olwelo abe yi-mist encinci kakhulu. Le mist ihamba kancinci kune-spray evela kwi-MDIs, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuyiphefumla.
Iintlobo eziphambili zamayeza aqulethwe kwi-inhaler
Okwenzekayo kwi-inhaler kuxhomekeke kwiyeza elingaphakathi kuyo. Masiqonde olu hlobo lwamayeza kwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Uhlobo lweyeza | Ukusebenza kunye nokusetyenziswa | Imizekelo |
|---|---|---|
| Iibronchodilators ezisebenza ngokufutshane (SABA/SAMA) | Ezi zikwabizwa ngokuba zii-"Rescue Inhalers." Zikhulula ngokukhawuleza izihlunu zeendlela zomoya kwaye zenze kube lula ukuphefumla. Zisetyenziswa xa uhlaselwa sisifo sesifuba kwaye unengxaki yokuphefumla. Zisebenza malunga neeyure ezi-4-6. | ISalbutamol (Ventolin®), iLevalbuterol (Xopenex®), iIpratropium (Atrovent®) |
| IiBronchodilators ezisebenza ixesha elide (LABA/LAMA) | Ezi zisetyenziswa yonke imihla ukulawula iimpawu. Zinceda ukugcina iindlela zomoya zivulekile iiyure ezili-12 ukuya kwezingama-24. Azifanelekanga ukusetyenziswa ngexesha likaxakeka. | ISalmeterol (Serevent®), iTiotropium (Spiriva®), iFormoterol (Foradil®) |
| IiCorticosteroids ezifunxwayo (ICS) | Ezi zinciphisa ukudumba kunye nokudumba kwimibhobho yomoya. Zisetyenziswa yonke imihla ukuthintela ukuhlaselwa sisifo sesifuba. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi "Preventer Inhalers". | I-Budesonide (iPulmicort®), i-Fluticasone (iFlovent®), i-Beclomethasone (i-Qvar®) |
| Amayeza Adibeneyo | Ezi ziindibaniselwano zamayeza amabini okanye amathathu akhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla. Umzekelo, kukho ii-inhaler ezininzi ezidibanisa i-LABA kunye ne-ICS. | I-Fluticasone/Salmeterol (Advair®), iBudesonide/Formoterol (Symbicort®), iFluticasone/Umeclidinium/Vilanterol (Trelegy®) |
Indlela echanekileyo yokusebenzisa i-inhaler
Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Ukuze ufumane okuninzi kwi-inhaler yakho, kufuneka uyisebenzise ngokuchanekileyo . Ukuba uyisebenzisa gwenxa, iyeza liza kuhlala emlonyeni nasemqaleni wakho endaweni yokufikelela emiphungeni yakho. Indlela osebenzisa ngayo uhlobo ngalunye lwe-inhaler yahlukile kancinci.
Soloko ubuza ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi ukuba uyisebenzisa njani kanye kanye i-inhaler abakunike yona, uze uyiqhele.
Nazi ezinye iindlela ezilandelwa rhoqo.
Indlela yokusebenzisa i-MDI (i-puffer):
1. Okokuqala, susa isiciko emlonyeni.
2. Shukumisa kakuhle i-inhaler (malunga nemizuzwana emi-5).
3. Khupha umoya nzulu kangangoko unako kwaye ukhuphe imiphunga yakho.
4. Beka umlomo we-inhaler emlonyeni wakho uze uwuvale kakuhle ngemilebe yakho.
5. Ngoku cinezela ibhotile nganye ngexesha njengoko uqala ukuphefumla kancinci nangokunzulu .
6. Qhubeka uphefumlela ngaphakathi kancinci kwaye xa ugqibile, susa i-inhaler emlonyeni wakho.
7. Bamba umphefumlo wakho malunga nemizuzwana eli-10 . Oku kunika amayeza ixesha lokufikelela emiphungeni yakho.
8. Emva koko khupha umoya ngokwesiqhelo.
9. Ukuba ugqirha ukuxelele ukuba uphinde utsale umoya, linda umzuzu omnye uze uphinde.
Ukusebenzisa i-spacer: Abanye abantu, ingakumbi abantwana abancinci, banengxaki yokulibala ixesha lokuphefumla kwabo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-spacer tube singasetyenziswa. I-inhaler iqhagamshelwe koku, iyeza lifakwa kwi-spacer, kwaye emva koko isigulane sinokuphefumla kancinci ngayo. Oku kunciphisa kakhulu inani lamayeza achithekayo.
Indlela yokusebenzisa i-DPI (i-powder inhaler):
Ezi zahlukile kwii-MDI.
1. Faka idosi yamayeza ngokwemiyalelo ye-inhaler (ezinye zifuna ukuba ujije isixhobo sokusika, ezinye zifuna ukuba ucofe).
2. Jika intloko yakho isuke kwi-inhaler uze uphefumlele ngaphandle kangangoko unako. Ungaze uphefumlele kwi-inhaler.Ukuba wenza loo nto, umgubo unokuba manzi kwaye ubambeke.
3. Beka umlomo emlonyeni wakho uze uwuvale kakuhle ngemilebe yakho.
4. Ngoku phefumla ngokukhawuleza nangokunzulu , ngokungathi usebenzisa i-vacuum cleaner.
5. Susa i-inhaler emlonyeni wakho uze ubambe umphefumlo wakho malunga nemizuzwana eli-10 .
6. Emva koko khupha umoya kancinci kancinci.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba usebenzisa i-inhaler equlethe i-corticosteroid (umz. i-ICS), hlambulula umlomo wakho kakuhle ngamanzi emva kokusetyenziswa ngakunye uze uwutshice . Oku kunokunceda ukuthintela uphuhliso losulelo lwefungus (thrush) emlonyeni nasemqaleni.
Udinga nini ukubona ugqirha?
Ukuba unemibuzo malunga ne-inhaler yakho, thetha nogqirha wakho. Kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha, ingakumbi kwiimeko ezinje.
- Ukuba kunzima ukusebenzisa i-inhaler oyinikiweyo.
- Ukuba iimpawu zakho azilawuleki nangona usebenzisa amayeza.
- Ukuba uvuka ebusuku ngenxa yomkhuhlane.
- Ukuba kufuneka usebenzise i-rescue inhaler yakho ngaphezu kwesibini ngeveki, oku kunokuthetha ukuba isifo sakho asilawuleki kakuhle.
Ngamaxesha anje, ugqirha wakho unokutshintsha umthamo wamayeza akho okanye akutshintshele kuhlobo olwahlukileyo lwe-inhaler.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-inhaler sisixhobo esibaluleke kakhulu esihambisa amayeza ngqo emiphungeni yezifo zokuphefumla ezifana ne-asthma kunye ne-COPD.
- Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-inhaler (MDI, DPI), kwaye iindlela zokuzisebenzisa zahlukile.
- Ukuze ufumane okuninzi kwi-inhaler yakho, kubalulekile ukufunda indlela yokuyisebenzisa ngokuchanekileyo . Ukuba unamathandabuzo, buza ugqirha wakho rhoqo.
- Emva kokusebenzisa i-steroid (ICS) inhaler, ukuhlamba umlomo wakho kakuhle kunokunceda ekuthinteleni usulelo lwefungus emlonyeni.
- Ukuba iimpawu zakho azilawuleki okanye kufuneka usebenzise i-rescue inhaler yakho rhoqo, bona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Akufuneki usebenzise i-inhaler yomnye umntu okanye wabelane nge-inhaler yakho nabanye.
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