Xa uninzi lwabantu kwilizwe lethu besithi 'umkhuhlane', bacinga ngomkhuhlane. Lo mkhuhlane, obangela umzimba ubuhlungu ngequbuliso, ubangele impumlo egobhozayo, kwaye ukwenze uhlale ebhedini iintsuku ezininzi, yinto ecatshukelwa phantse ngumntu wonke. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela kuwo kukufumana isitofu. Kodwa xa kufikwa ekufumaneni inaliti, kungekuphela nje abantwana kodwa nabantu abadala bayoyika kancinci, akunjalo? Isisombululo saloo nto yi-Intranasal Influenza Vaccine, enikwa empumlweni. Kule nto, akukho naliti, kodwa iyeza litshizwa empumlweni. Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha.
Yintoni le gonyo?
Ngamafutshane, olu lugonyo olukukhusela kwi-influenza. Kodwa ngokungafaniyo nogonyo olufumana engalweni yakho, olu lulwelo oluphuma ngempumlo yakho. Igama lophawu oludumileyo lwalo ngu-`(FluMist)`.
Oku kuquka ukutshiza intsholongwane yomkhuhlane ephilayo enciphileyo empumlweni yakho. Xa intsholongwane ebuthathaka ifunxwa lulwelo lwempumlo yakho, amajoni omzimba wakho aqala ukuyilwa. Kufana nokuziqhelanisa nemfazwe. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba intsholongwane yomkhuhlane yokwenene, enamandla ingena emzimbeni wakho kamva, umzimba wakho sele ukulungele ukuyilwa.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba olu gonyo aluyi kukugulisa nge-influenza. Kwakhona, lukhusela kuphela kwiintlobo ezimbalwa ze-influenza ezihambelana naloo nyaka. Alukhuseli kwezinye izifo, ezifana nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo.
Izinto ekufuneka uzixelele ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba ufumane olu gonyo
Olu gonyo alufanelekanga kuye wonke umntu. Ngoko ke, ukuba unenye yezi meko zilandelayo, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba ufumane ugonyo.
| Imeko eza kuxelwa | Kutheni kunjalo? (Kalula nje) |
|---|---|
| Ukuba une-asthma okanye uphefumla kancinci. | Olu gonyo lunokubangela uxinzelelo olukhulu lokuphefumla. |
| Ukuba unenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka (umz. i-HIV, umhlaza, ukusebenzisa ii-steroid). | Nentsholongwane ebuthathaka inokubangela iingxaki kumntu onenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka. |
| Ukuba ukhe wanesifo semithambo-luvo esifana ne-Guillain-Barre syndrome ngaphambili. | Kuphephe ithuba elincinci kakhulu lokuba isitofu sinokuchaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo. |
| Ukuba umntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala usebenzisa i-aspirin okanye amayeza afanayo. | Ukudityaniswa kwentsholongwane ye-influenza kunye ne-aspirin kunokubangela imeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yiReye's Syndrome. |
| Ukuba une-allergy enkulu kwizinto ezifana namaqanda, i-gelatin, okanye i-gentamicin. | Ezi zinto zisetyenziswa ekuvelisweni kwezinye izitofu zokugonya, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba umntu angabi namdla kwizinto ezithile. |
| Ukuba ukhulelwe, uzama ukukhulelwa, okanye uncancisa. | Kwezi meko, kufuneka uxoxe nogqirha wakho ngokhuseleko lwale gonyo uze wenze isigqibo. |
Igonyo linikwa njani kwaye linikwa bani?
Olu gonyo lunikwa yingcali yezempilo, njengogqirha okanye umongikazi oqeqeshiweyo. Batshiza iyeza kwiimpumlo zakho zombini ngesixhobo esincinci. Asinto oyithatha ngomlomo.
Ngubani ofanelekileyo koku?
Olu gonyo ludla ngokucetyiswa kubantu abasempilweni abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-2 nengama-49 ubudala .
- Abantwana abancinci: Thetha nogqirha wezingane malunga nokunika umntwana wakho esi sidakamizwa. Kwezinye iimeko, sisenokungafaneleki kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala kunye nabantwana abaneemeko ezifana ne-asthma.
- Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-49 ubudala: Olu gonyo aluvumelekanga kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-49 ubudala.
Kuthekani ukuba kukho i-overdose?
Ekubeni oku kunikwa esibhedlele okanye eklinikhi, amathuba okuba udlule kwi-overdose aphantsi kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukrokrela ukuba kukho into eyenzekileyo, yiya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ngokukhawuleza. Okanye utsalele umnxeba iZiko loLwazi lweePoisons kwiSibhedlele sikaZwelonke saseColombo ukuze ufumane ingcebiso.
Ngawaphi amanye amayeza anokusebenza kunye nesi sitofu?
Amanye amayeza owasebenzisayo anokuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kwale gonyo. Ngoko ke xelela ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo, kuquka amayeza kagqirha, amayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha, amayeza emifuno, iivithamini, nokunye.
Ezinye zeentlobo eziphambili zamayeza ezinokubangela iingxaki zezi:
- Amayeza acinezela inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela (umz. amayeza okulwa nomhlaza, amayeza anikwa abantu abaye bafakelwa amalungu omzimba, ii-steroids ezifana ne-prednisone)
- I-Aspirin kunye namayeza afanayo
- Amanye amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane anyanga umkhuhlane
- Amayeza athile afana ne-anakinra
- Ezinye izitofu zokugonya (ezinye izitofu zinokufuna ixesha elithile ukuze zahlulwe)
Izinto ekufuneka uzilumkele emva kokugonywa
Ngenxa yokuba oku kusebenzisa intsholongwane ephilayo kodwa ebuthathaka, usenokuyichitha intsholongwane kwindawo engqongileyo kangangeentsuku ezisi-7 emva kokufumana igonyo. Akunakwenzeka ukuba umntu ophilileyo agule yiyo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka kakhulu (umzekelo, izigulane ezinomhlaza, abantu abafumene utyando lwethambo, okanye abantu abanesifo sokungasebenzi kakuhle kwamasosha omzimba), kuphephe ukusondelana nabo kangangeveki emva kokugonywa. Oku kungenxa yokuba nentsholongwane ebuthathaka oyikhuphayo isenokubachaphazela. Buza ugqirha wakho ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga noku.
Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho?
Njengayo nayiphi na igonyo, le inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci. Uninzi lwexesha, ezi azibi zimbi kakhulu kwaye ziya kuphela emva kosuku okanye ezimbini.
| Imiphumela | Kwenziwe ntoni? |
|---|---|
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu ekufuneka zixelwe kugqirha ngoko nangoko | |
| Iimpendulo eziqatha ze-allergy (ukurhawuzelela kwesikhumba, ukurhawuzelela, ukudumba kobuso, imilebe, ulwimi) | Funa uncedo lwezonyango ngoko nangoko. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukuphefumla kancinci | Funa uncedo lwezonyango ngoko nangoko. |
| Ukugoba okanye ukutyhafa kwelinye icala lobuso, ubuthathaka obungaqhelekanga bemisipha | Yazisa ugqirha ngoko nangoko. |
| Umkhuhlane ongaphezulu kwama-degrees F angama-102 (38.9 C) | Yazisa ugqirha ngoko nangoko. |
| Izinto ezingaqhelekanga ukuba zimbi, kodwa kufuneka zixelwe kugqirha ukuba ziyaqhubeka | |
| Impumlo ebandayo, exineneyo | Oku kuqhelekile kakhulu kwaye kuya kuphela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. |
| Intloko ebuhlungu, umzimba obuhlungu | Kuqhelekile. Ukuba kuyakhathaza, xelela ugqirha wakho . |
| Umphimbo obuhlungu, ukukhohlela, ukuziva ungonwabanga | Ezi zifo zihlala ziphela emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa. |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ugonyo lomkhuhlane weempumlo yindlela engenanaliti yokukhusela umkhuhlane.
- Oku kudla ngokuba luncedo kubantu abasempilweni abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-2 nengama-49 ubudala. Abafazi abakhulelweyo, abantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka, kunye nabo banezinye izifo kufuneka bathethe nogqirha wabo ngaphambi kokuba bathathe oku.
- Ungalibali ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngazo zonke ezinye iziyobisi ozisebenzisayo.
- Ekubeni oku kusebenzisa intsholongwane ebuthathaka nephilayo, kuphephe ukuba phakathi kwabantu abanamandla okuzikhusela komzimba aphantsi kangangeveki emva kokufumana isitofu.
- Iziphumo ezingezizo ezinje ngomkhuhlane okanye intloko ebuhlungu ziqhelekile. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana ubunzima bokuphefumla okanye i-allergy enzima, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.
- Ngenxa yokuba intsholongwane yomkhuhlane itshintsha minyaka le, kubalulekile ukugonywa minyaka le ukuze ufumane ukhuseleko olungcono.
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