Ngaba ungumntu onesifo seswekile? Ngoko ke kufuneka uhlale uxhalabile ngamanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho, akunjalo? Kodwa ngaba ukhe weva ngemeko enzulu kakhulu enokuba yingozi ebomini ehambisana nesifo seswekile? Yiloo nto sithetha ngayo namhlanje. Oku ngokwezonyango kubizwa ngokuba yiDiabetic Ketoacidosis , okanye (DKA) ngamafutshane. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ukhuseleko lwakho lukwazi kakuhle oku.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-DKA?
Kulungile, masiyibeke ngolu hlobo. I-insulin yi-hormone enceda iiseli zomzimba wethu zisebenzise i-glucose, okanye iswekile, ukuze zifumane amandla. Xa umntu onesifo seswekile engenayo i-insulin eyaneleyo, okanye xa i-insulin anayo ingasebenzi kakuhle, iiseli azikwazi ukusebenzisa iswekile esegazini.
Emva koko umzimba wethu ucinge, "Owu, ndiphelelwa ngamandla." Ngoko ke umzimba usebenzisa enye indlela yokwenza amandla. Oko kukutshisa amafutha emzimbeni. Xa amafutha etshiswa ngale ndlela, ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba zii-ketones ikhutshwa egazini njengemveliso ephumayo. Kuqhelekile ukuba nee-ketones ezithile. Kodwa xa le nkqubo ingalawulwa kuba kungekho insulin, ii-ketones ezininzi ziyaqokelelana egazini. Ezi ketones luhlobo lwe-asidi. Ngoko ke, xa ziqokelelana egazini, igazi lethu liba ne-asidi.
Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-DKA, okanye i-Ketoacidosis , xa igazi liba ne-asidi. Le yimeko eyingozi kakhulu. Ukuba ayinyangwa ngexesha, inokukhokelela ekufeni.
Ukuba inqanaba leswekile egazini lakho lihlala lingaphezulu kwe -240 mg/dL , kububulumko ukujonga amanqanaba akho e-ketone rhoqo emva kweeyure ezi-4-6. Inqanaba leswekile egazini elingaphezulu kwe- 250 mg/dL lithathwa njengesiqalo se-DKA. Ukuba inqanaba leswekile egazini lakho lingaphaya komlinganiselo oqhelekileyo, thetha nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko .
Ufanele uye nini kwisibhedlele esingxamisekileyo (ETU)?
Ukuba inqanaba leswekile yakho egazini liyi- 300 mg/dL okanye ngaphezulu kwaye alihla, okanye ukuba uyaqhubeka nokuhlanza, uzive udiniwe kakhulu, okanye uneempawu ze-DKA ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla, yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko elikufutshane (ETU) ngoko nangoko.
Ngaba iKetoacidosis kunye neKetosis zizinto ezahlukeneyo?
Ewe, nangona la magama mabini evakala efana, ziinkqubo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo.
- I-Ketosis: Oku kwenzeka xa usitya ukutya okune-carbohydrate encinci (njengesonka, irayisi, ipasta) (umz., ukutya kwe-keto). Emva koko umzimba utshisa amafutha ukuze ufumane amandla. Nalapha, ii-ketones ziyaveliswa, kodwa kwenzeka ngendlela elawulwayo. Kuba kukho i-insulin eyaneleyo emzimbeni. I-Ketosis ayisiyonto iyingozi.
- I-Ketoacidosis (DKA):Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokunqongophala kwe-insulin. Ii-ketones ziyaqokelelana ngendlela engalawulekiyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba igazi libe ne-asidi. Oku kusongela ubomi.
Zithini iimpawu ze-DKA?
Iimpawu ze-DKA zinokuvela ngokukhawuleza. Ngamanye amaxesha, umntu ufunyaniswa okokuqala enesifo seswekile emva kokuba ene-DKA. Kubalulekile ukuzazi ezi mpawu.
| Iimpawu ze-DKA - hlala uphaphile! | |
|---|---|
| Iimpawu Zakuqala | |
| Ukuchama rhoqo kunesiqhelo | Amanqanaba aphezulu e-ketone kumchamo okanye egazini |
| Ndiziva ndinxaniwe kakhulu | Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni |
| Amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile egazini (ngaphezulu kwe-250 mg/dL) | Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu |
| Iimpawu Ezibalulekileyo/Ezingalindelekanga Kamva | |
| Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza | Iintlungu zomzimba, ukuxhuzula kwemisipha, ukuziva udiniwe |
| Umlomo owomileyo kunye nolusu | Ukudinwa kakhulu |
| Ukudideka, ukulahlekelwa zingqondo | Ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza |
| Ivumba elimnandi (elifana neziqhamo) emlonyeni | Isisu esibuhlungu |
| Ukuba unale mpawu, yiya kwi-ETU ngoko nangoko! Ukuba amanqanaba akho e-ketone aphakathi okanye aphezulu kwaye uneempawu ezingentla, ukuba iswekile yakho yegazi ingaphezulu kwama-300 kwaye ayinciphi, ukuba ubuhlanza iiyure ezingaphezu kwezi-2, ukuba umphefumlo wakho unuka ivumba elimnandi, ukuba udiniwe kakhulu okanye unomsindo, okanye ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla, musa ukulibazisa . | |
Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili ze-DKA?
Nangona unobangela oyintloko we-DKA kukunqongophala kwe-insulin, kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokubangela le meko.
- Ukungayithathi ngokuchanekileyo i-insulin: Le ngozi iyanda ukuba awuyithathi idosi ye-insulin oyinikwe ngugqirha wakho ngexesha okanye ukuba uyayitsiba idosi. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukusebenzisa i-insulin ephelelwe lixesha nako kunokuba yimbangela.
- Izifo: Xa unomkhuhlane, umkhuhlane, usulelo lomchamo (UTI), okanye inyumoniya, umzimba wakho uvelisa iihomoni zoxinzelelo (ezifana ne-cortisol kunye ne-adrenaline). Ezi homoni ziphazamisana nomsebenzi we-insulin. Ke ngoko, unamathuba amaninzi okufumana i-DKA ngeentsuku ogula ngazo.
- Ezinye iziphumo emzimbeni: Umngcipheko we-DKA uyanda ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluphezulu emzimbeni, njengotyando, ukuba sengozini, okanye ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi.
- Isifo seswekile esingafunyaniswanga: Abantu abangazaziyo ukuba banesifo seswekile, ingakumbi abo banesifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1, banokuba ne-DKA.
- Ezinye izizathu: Ukusela utywala kakhulu, ukusebenzisa iziyobisi ezithile, ukukhulelwa, kunye namayeza athile (umz. ii-corticosteroids) nazo zinokubangela i-DKA. Ukuba unesifo seswekile, kubalulekile ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise naliphi na iyeza elitsha.
Ungayithintela njani i-DKA ukuba ingaphuhli?
Ngethamsanqa, i-DKA yimeko enokuthintelwa, kwaye eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukulawula isifo sakho seswekile kakuhle.
Khumbula, nguwe ophetheyo ekulawuleni isifo sakho seswekile. Kubalulekile ukunyamekela umzimba wakho ngelixa ulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho.
Nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza ngayo:
- Jonga amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho rhoqo: Jonga amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho izihlandlo ezininzi ngemini, njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele. Zama ukuwagcina ngaphakathi koluhlu olucetyiswayo.
- Thatha iyeza ngqo:Sela i-insulin okanye amanye amayeza esifo seswekile ngexesha elifanelekileyo, ngedosi efanelekileyo. Ungaze utsibe idosi.
- Yitya ngokufanelekileyo: Landela isicwangciso sokutya osinikiweyo ngokuchanekileyo.
- Sela amanzi amaninzi: Sela amanzi amaninzi angenaswekile.
- Yenza isicwangciso seentsuku zokugula: Thetha nogqirha wakho kwangaphambili malunga nendlela yokujonga amanqanaba eswekile yegazi lakho kunye ne-ketone xa unomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane, kunye nokuba kufuneka utshintshe idosi yakho ye-insulin.
- Jonga ii-ketones: Jonga ii-ketones nanini na xa iswekile yakho egazini ingaphezulu kwe-240 mg/dL. Ungakwenza oku usebenzisa imicu yomchamo okanye iiglucometer.
- Lungela imeko engxamisekileyo: Cwangcisa kwangaphambili into oza kuyenza kunye nendawo oza kuya kuyo ukuba kuvela iimpawu ze-DKA.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-DKA esibhedlele?
Xa usiya kwi-ETU eneempawu ze-DKA, oogqirha baya kuthatha amanyathelo akhawulezileyo okulawula imeko yakho. Olu nyango ludla ngokwenziwa esibhedlele.
1. Ulwelo olufakwa kwimithambo: Ityuwa inikwa ngemithambo ukuze kulawulwe ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunye nokulungisa ibhalansi yeekhemikhali egazini.
2. I-Insulin: I-Insulin inikwa ngemithambo ukuze kumiswe ukwakheka kwee-ketones kwaye kulawulwe amanqanaba eswekile egazini.
3. Ukutshintshwa kwe-Electrolyte: I-DKA ibangela ukuba umzimba ulahlekelwe ziiminerali ezibalulekileyo (ii-electrolyte) ezifana ne-sodium kunye ne-potassium. Ekubeni ezi zinto zibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwentliziyo, izihlunu kunye nemithambo-luvo, zitshintshwa nge-saline.
4. Unyango lwezifo: Ukuba unobangela we-DKA lusulelo, kunikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.
Le meko idla ngokulawulwa kwiiyure ezingama-24, kodwa ukuba imeko imbi kakhulu, ingathatha ixesha elide.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) yingxaki eyingozi kakhulu, esongela ubomi besifo seswekile.
- Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokunqongophala kwe-insulin emzimbeni, ukutshisa amafutha ukuze ufumane amandla, kunye nokuqokelelwa kakhulu kwee-ketones (ii-asidi) egazini.
- Iimpawu eziphambili kukunxanwa kakhulu, ukuchama rhoqo, ivumba leziqhamo emlonyeni, ukudideka, kunye nokudinwa kakhulu.
- Ukuba unale mpawu, ingakumbi ukuba amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho aphezulu, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele (ETU) ngokukhawuleza.
- Ungayithintela i-DKA ngokulawula isifo sakho seswekile kakuhle, uthabathe amayeza akho ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye uphile ubomi obusempilweni. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto rhoqo.
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