Masifunde ngqo nge-LDL cholesterol, "i-cholesterol embi"?

Xa ubusandula ukujonga amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol kuvavanyo lwakho lwegazi, ngaba ugqirha uthe amanqanaba akho e-LDL aphezulu kancinci? Usenokuba woyika kancinci xa ethetha loo nto. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha nge-LDL, ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-"cholesterol embi." Musa ukoyika, masiyiqonde le nto ngokulula nangokucacileyo.

Okokuqala, masibone, yintoni i-LDL cholesterol?

Kulungile, masiqale ngokulula. Igazi elisemzimbeni wethu alingomanzi nje kuphela. Linezinto ezininzi kulo, ezifana neeseli, iiproteni, kunye namafutha (iioyile). Khawucinge nje ngalo mba, amafutha namanzi awadibani, akunjalo? Ngokufanayo, amafutha asemzimbeni wethu, oko kukuthi i-cholesterol, ayinakudibana negazi aze ahambe.

Ngoko ke, ukuze sithwale le cholesterol ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye emzimbeni, sidinga "inkonzo yothutho" ekhethekileyo. Loo nkonzo yothutho yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-lipoproteins . Ezi zifana nezithuthi ezincinci. Ezi zithuthi zenziwe ngama-lipids kunye neeproteni.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-lipoprotein. Enye yazo yi -LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) . Le LDL ine -cholesterol eninzi kunye ne-protein encinci ngaphakathi kuyo. Oko kuthetha ukuba ifana ne-cholesterol egcwele i-cholesterol. Enyanisweni, i-cholesterol yinto ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. I-cholesterol iyadingeka kwimisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo efana nokwenza iihomoni kunye nokwakha iindonga zeeseli. Ke ngoko, inkonzo enikezelwa yi-LDL nayo ilungile kakhulu.

Kutheni ke le LDL ibizwa ngokuba yi "cholesterol embi"?

Nantsi into. Xa nantoni na igqithisile, kuvela iingxaki. Kwenzeka into efanayo kwi-LDL. Khawuthelekelele ukuba xa kukho inani elithile lezithuthi endleleni, akukho ngxaki, wonke umntu uya apho aya khona. Kodwa kwenzeka ntoni ukuba inani elikhulu lezithuthi lifika ngequbuliso endleleni? Izithuthi ziyanda, indlela iyavalwa, kwaye iingozi zinokwenzeka.

Kwenzeka into efanayo nakwi-LDL. Xa inqanaba le-LDL egazini lethu lidlula isixa esicetyiswayo, la masuntswana e-LDL angaphezulu aqala ukufakwa ngaphakathi kweendonga zemithambo yegazi yethu. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, olu layer lwe-cholesterol olufakwayo luyaqina kancinci kancinci. Lufana nomhlwa owenzeka ngaphakathi kombhobho wamanzi. Kwizonyango, silubiza ngokuba yi- "atherosclerosis."

Xa amafutha eqokelelana ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, ukuhamba kwegazi kuyancipha kancinci kancinci. Yiyo le nto ibangela iingxaki ezininzi zempilo eziyingozi.

• Ukuba ichaphazela imithambo yegazi yentliziyo (Isifo seMithambo yeCoronary): Imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni inokuvaleka, nto leyo ebangela ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo .
• Ukuba imithambo yegazi eya ebuchotsheni iyachaphazeleka (Isifo seCerebrovascular): Ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya ebuchotsheni kungayeka, okubangela isifo sohlangothi .
• Ukuba imithambo yegazi ekwiingalo nasemilenzeni iyachaphazeleka (Isifo seMitha ePheleleyo): Ukuhamba kwegazi ezingalo nasemilenzeni kuyancipha, kwaye iimpawu ezifana neentlungu xa uhamba zinokubakho.
• Ukuba i-aorta ephambili ichaphazelekile (i-Aortic Aneurysm): Umthambo wegazi omkhulu emzimbeni unokuba buthathaka kwaye ube semngciphekweni wokuqhekeka.

Yiyo loo nto sithi kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina amanqanaba e-LDL kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo.

Amanqanaba e-LDL cholesterol afanele abe njani?

Ingxelo yakho yovavanyo lwegazi (Lipid Profile Report) iya kubonisa inqanaba lakho le-LDL ngee-milligrams nge-deciliter (mg/dL). Ngokubanzi, kungcono ukugcina inqanaba lakho le-LDL lingaphantsi kwe-100 mg/dL kumntu omdala osempilweni. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukhe wahlaselwa yintliziyo okanye wahlaselwa sistroke ngaphambili, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba inqanaba lakho le-LDL lingaphantsi kwe-70 mg/dL .

Ungayiqonda ngcono le migangatho kwitheyibhile engasezantsi.

Ilizwi malunga ne-HDL, "i-cholesterol elungileyo"

Usenokuba uqaphele ukuba ingxelo yakho ibandakanya ixabiso le -HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) kunye ne-LDL. Oku sikubiza ngokuba "yi-cholesterol elungileyo". Indima ye-HDL kukuthatha i-cholesterol embi kakhulu (LDL) ebekwe kwimithambo yegazi ize iyise esibindini. Kusesibindini apho isuswa khona emzimbeni. Ngamanye amazwi, i-HDL ifana nesicoci semithambo yegazi yethu. Ke ngoko , ixabiso le-HDL liphezulu, kokukhona lingcono (ngokubanzi, ukuba lingaphezulu kwe-60 mg/dL, lilungile kakhulu).

Zithini izizathu zokuba amanqanaba aphezulu e-LDL abe phezulu?

Akukho nto inye ebangela i-LDL ephezulu, kodwa zininzi izinto ezinokubangela oko. Nangona ezinye izinto sinokuzilawula, ezinye izinto zingaphaya kwamandla ethu.

• Ukutya: Esi sesona sizathu siphambili. Ukutya ukutya okunamafutha agcweleyo kunye namafutha e-trans kunyusa amanqanaba e-LDL. Umzekelo, inyama ezicociweyo ezifana nesoseji, ibhekoni, kunye neham, ukutya kobisi okunamafutha amaninzi njengetshizi nebhotolo, izinto ezibhakiweyo ezifana neekeyiki kunye needonathi, kunye nokutya okuqhotsiweyo okufana neeFrench fries.
• Ubunzima bomzimba: Xa ubunzima bomzimba busanda, oko kukuthi, ukuba kukho ukutyeba kakhulu, kukho ithuba elikhulu lokunyuka kwamanqanaba e-LDL.
• Ukusetyenziswa kwecuba: Ukutshaya, icuba elingenamsi (i-mawa, i-betel nut), kunye nokutshaya i-vaping kunciphisa inqanaba le-cholesterol elungileyo (i-HDL) emzimbeni wethu. Xa i-HDL incipha, imithambo yegazi ayicocwa kakuhle. Emva koko inqanaba le-LDL liyakhula ngokuzenzekelayo.
• Amayeza athile: Amanye amayeza owasebenzisayo kwezinye iimeko anokunyusa amanqanaba akho e-LDL. Umzekelo, amanye amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye namayeza osulelo lwe-HIV.
• Ezinye iimeko zempilo: Ukuba uneengxaki zempilo ezifana nesifo seswekile , isifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo , okanye usulelo lwe-HIV , amanqanaba akho e-LDL asenokuba phezulu.
• Ubudala: Njengoko sikhula, kukho ukunyuka kwendalo kwamanqanaba e-cholesterol emzimbeni.
• Isini: Emva kokuya exesheni, oko kukuthi, emva kokuyeka ukuya exesheni ngenyanga, abafazi badla ngokuba namanqanaba aphezulu e-LDL.
• Ilifa (ii-genes): Ukuba amalungu osapho lwakho asondeleyo, njengomama wakho, utata, okanye abantakwenu, ane-cholesterol ephezulu, nawe ungayifumana loo ngozi ngokwemfuza.

Kulungile, ngoko ke ungayinciphisa njani le "cholesterol embi"?

Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Zininzi izinto onokuzenza. Abantu abaninzi banokufikelela kwiziphumo ezinkulu ngokutshintsha indlela yabo yokuphila kancinci.

1. Yamkela ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo: Kungumbono olungileyo ukulandela into efana neMediterranean Diet. Oko kukuthi,Yongeza imifuno, iziqhamo, iimbotyi, iinkozo ezipheleleyo (irayisi emdaka, i-oats, irhasi), amandongomane, kunye nentlanzi ekutyeni kwakho. Nciphisa ukutya okunamafutha, okuqhotsiweyo, okunencasa, kunye nokutya okukhawulezayo kangangoko unako.

2. Kuphephe ukusebenzisa icuba ngokupheleleyo: Akupheleli nje kwicuba, kwiibheyidi, nakwiicuba, kodwa kufuneka uyeke nokutshaya icuba.

3. Ukuzilolonga: Yenza umthambo we-aerobic ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku. Kulungile ukuba ungenza into efana nokuhamba ngokukhawuleza, ukubaleka, ukukhwela ibhayisekile, okanye ukudada.

4. Gcina ubunzima bakho busempilweni: Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba loluphi ubunzima obufanelekileyo kubude bakho. Zama ukugcina ubunzima bakho bunjalo.

5. Nciphisa uxinzelelo: Uxinzelelo olude lunokunyusa i-LDL kwaye lunciphise i-HDL. Phumza ingqondo yakho ngokwenza izinto ezifana neyoga, ukucamngca, okanye ukuzibandakanya kwinto oyithandayo.

6. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga namayeza owasebenzisayo: Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ubone ukuba naliphi na iyeza olisebenzisayo liyayichaphazela na imilinganiselo yakho ye-LDL.

Ukuba olu tshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo aluwehlisi amanqanaba akho e-LDL, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza. Ii-statins lolona hlobo luphambili lwamayeza adla ngokunikwa ukunciphisa i-LDL.