Amabala amhlophe emlonyeni? Ngaba oku kungaba yi-leukoplakia? Masifumanise!

Ngaba wakha wajonga emlonyeni wakho waza wabona ibala elimhlophe elulwimini lwakho okanye esidleleni sakho? Mhlawumbi wazama ukulisusa, kodwa alizange liphele. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye unomdla xa ubona into efana nale. "Yintoni le?" Unokucinga. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko onokuyibona emlonyeni wakho, kodwa usenokungayinaki kangako, kodwa yinto ekufuneka uyinake. Yile leukoplakia.

Yintoni kanye kanye iLeukoplakia?

Ngamafutshane, i-leukoplakia yimeko apho kuvela khona amabala amhlophe natyebileyo emlonyeni wakho, kuquka ulwimi lwakho, iintsini, ngaphakathi kwezidlele zakho, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ngaphakathi kwimilebe yakho. La mabala adla ngokungabi buhlungu, kodwa awanakususwa ngokuwakhuhla okanye ngokuwaxukuxa. Adla ngokubangelwa kukucaphuka okuqhubekayo okuvela kwinto engaphakathi emlonyeni wakho. Umzekelo, amazinyo angalingani kakuhle, umphetho obukhali wezinyo eliphukileyo, okanye ukuhlafuna isidlele okuqhelekileyo.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba amanye amabala e-leukoplakia anethuba lokuba ngumhlaza womlomo , ngoko ke ukuba ugqirha wamazinyo wakho ubona elinye, ungalityesheli kwaye mhlawumbi ukuthumele kwingcali. Kulapho ke kuphela apho unokufumanisa ukuba imeko injani na uze uqale unyango ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zeLeukoplakia?

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-leukoplakia. Makhe sithethe ngaloo nto kancinci.

I-leukoplakia efanayo

Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo. Igama elithi "homogeneous" lithetha "uhlobo olufanayo." Ngoko ke, kolu hlobo, ibala elivela emlonyeni lidla ngokuba tyaba, limhlophe, kwaye libonakala lifana. Umphezulu wale ndawo unokuba mpuluswa, okanye unokuba maza kancinci okanye ubonakale ngathi ngamaqhuqhuva amancinci. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba olu hlobo lufanayo alunakwenzeka ukuba lube ngumhlaza. Oko kuthetha ukuba ludla ngokuba yingozi.

I-leukoplakia engangqamananga

Igama elithi "Non-homogeneous" lichasene neli langaphambili, elithetha "akufani." Kolu hlobo, amabala avela emlonyeni anokuba ngangalinganiyo, abe neemilo ezahlukeneyo, ngamanye amaxesha abe mhlophe, ngamanye amaxesha abe bomvu (oku ngamanye amaxesha kubizwa ngokuba yi-`erythroleukoplakia`). La mabala anokuba tyaba, okanye anokuphakama kwaye abe namaqhuqhuva. Izifundo zibonise ukuba olu hlobo lungenahomogeneous lunamathuba aphindwe kasixhenxe okuba luguquke lube ngumhlaza kunohlobo olufana ngaphambili. Ke ngoko, kufuneka ulumke ngakumbi ngolu hlobo.

Ngaba kufuneka sifunde nangeentlobo zeLeukoplakia?

Ukongeza kwiintlobo ezimbini eziphambili, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezifuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo.

I-leukoplakia ekhula ngokukhawuleza (i-PVL)

Olu luhlobo olungaqhelekanga kodwa olunokuba yingozi kakhulu olufuna ingqalelo. Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba abantu abangaphezu kwama-60% abane-PVL ekugqibeleni baya kuba nomhlaza womlomo . La mabala aqala njengamabala amancinci amhlophe ngaphakathi emlonyeni. Anokuvela elulwimini, kwiintsini, kwizicubu ezithambileyo phakathi kwemilebe neentsini, nangaphakathi kwezidlele. Amabala e-PVL anokukhula aze asasazeke ngokukhawuleza, abonakale njengamaqhubu amancinci, afana nekholifulawa okanye amaqamza. Ukuba unale meko, kuya kufuneka uhlolwe rhoqo ngugqirha.

I-leukoplakia enoboya bomlomo

Njengoko igama lisitsho, la ngamabala amhlophe, anoboya. Ngamanye amaxesha ayaphakama, ngoko ke iinwele zinokubonakala ngathi zikhula ngaphandle kwezimbobo. La mabala axhaphake kakhulu emacaleni olwimi, kodwa anokubakho nakwezinye iindawo zomlomo. Okubaluleke kakhulu, olu hlobo lwe-oral hairy leukoplakia alubi ngumhlaza. Luhlala lusenzeka kubantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka. Olu hlobo luxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abaneemeko ezifana ne-HIV/AIDS okanye abo basuleleke yi-Epstein-Barr virus. Enyanisweni lubangelwa yintsholongwane.

Ngaba iLeukoplakia isoloko iba ngumhlaza?

Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abawubuzayo, kwaye uyoyikisa. Hayi, akunjalo. Asinguye wonke umntu one-leukoplakia oza kuba nomhlaza womlomo. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba ngaphantsi kwe-15% yabantu abane-leukoplakia baza kuba nomhlaza womlomo. Oko kuthetha ukuba uninzi lwamabala aluyi kuba ngumhlaza.

Abaphandi bezonyango basacinga ukuba i-leukoplakia iba ngumhlaza njani kwaye nini. Umzekelo, i-leukoplakia ezintsinini zakho ayinakwenzeka ukuba ibe ngumhlaza kune-leukoplakia engaphantsi kolwimi lwakho okanye phantsi komlomo wakho. Kwakhona, uhlobo lwamabala angalinganiyo olukhankanyiweyo ngaphambili lunamathuba amaninzi okuba ngumhlaza.

Khumbula: Ayizizo zonke iindawo ezimhlophe emlonyeni wakho ezibangela umhlaza. Ukuba une-leukoplakia, ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela into omawuyilindele kunye nendlela yokuyijonga. Musa ukoyika, kodwa ungayityesheli.

Ingaba le meko ibizwa ngokuba yiLeukoplakia ixhaphakile?

I-Leukoplakia ayisiyonto ixhaphakileyo. Ichaphazela ngaphantsi kwe-5% yabemi behlabathi. Ngoko ke, ukuba unayo, ayifumaneki rhoqo.

Ziziphi iimpawu zeLeukoplakia?

Uphawu oluphambili lwe-leukoplakia ngamabala amhlophe aphuma emlonyeni kwaye angenakususwa. La mabala:

• Inokwenzeka elulwimini lwakho, ezintsinini, nangaphakathi ezidleleni zakho .
• Isenokubonakala ithe tyaba okanye iphakame kancinci kwaye ityebile phezu komphezulu.
• Ingabonakala imhlophe, ingwevu, okanye imhlophe kunye namachaphaza amancinci abomvu (i-leukoplakia enamabala).
• Akusoloko kukho iintlungu , kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ungaziva ungakhululekanga kwaye uzive ukhululekile xa usitya okanye usela into eshushu.

Zithini izizathu zeLeukoplakia?

Kukho izizathu ezininzi eziphambili ze-leukoplakia.

• Ukurhawuzelelwa okungapheliyo kwezicubu ezingaphakathi emlonyeni: Le yeyona nto iphambili.
• Ukusetyenziswa kwecuba: Ukutshaya, ukuhlafuna icuba (elifana namagqabi e-betel ahlafunwayo, ilayimu, kunye necuba), kunye nokusebenzisa icuba elingenamsi. Iikhemikhali ezikhutshwa zezi zinto zingonakalisa ulwelo oluthambileyo lomlomo.
• Ukusela utywala ngokugqithisileyo: Ukusela utywala rhoqo nangokugqithisileyo nako kuyingozi enkulu. Umngcipheko uphezulu nangakumbi kumntu otshaya aze asele utywala.
• Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa koomatshini: Izinto ezifana namazinyo okufakelwa angalinganiyo kakuhle, umphetho obukhali wezinyo eliphukileyo ohlala ukhuhlana esidleleni okanye kulwimi, kunye nokulunywa esidleleni rhoqo.
• Izinto ezibangela ufuzo: Ngamanye amaxesha, utshintsho olungacwangciswanga (ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo) kwezinye izakhi zofuzo emzimbeni wethu lunokubangela ukuba iiseli zezicubu emlonyeni zahlukane ngokukhawuleza kunesiqhelo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kubekho la mabala.
• Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane: I-leukoplakia enoboya bomlomo ekhankanyiweyo ngaphambili ibonakala ngathi ibangelwa yintsholongwane ye-Epstein-Barr.

Ziziphi izinto ezinokubangela ukuba umntu abe ne-leukoplakia?

Ukongeza kwizizathu ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, ezi zinto zinokunyusa umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-leukoplakia:

• Ukutshaya okanye ukuhlafuna icuba kunye nokusebenzisa icuba elingenamsi: Le yeyona nto iyingozi kakhulu.
• Ukusela kakhulu rhoqo.
• Ukuba neemeko ezithile zempilo ezichaphazela inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela , njenge-Epstein-Barr virus okanye i-HIV.
• Ubudala: Le meko ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala, ingakumbi amadoda.

Khawucinge nje, ngaba akukho bahlobo bethu abasebenzisa icuba ngolo hlobo kunye nee-betel nuts? Okanye abantu abatshaya icuba yonke imihla? Abantu abanemikhwa enjalo basengozini enkulu. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzikhwebula kule mikhwa.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani i-leukoplakia?

Xa ubona ugqirha wamazinyo okanye ugqirha oqhelekileyo kuba unebala elimhlophe emlonyeni wakho, into yokuqala abaya kuyenza kukuhlolisisa umlomo wakho ngononophelo. Baza kujonga eli bala limhlophe lingaqhelekanga baze baqaphele ubungakanani balo, imilo, indawo, kunye nobume balo. Baza kuzama ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni ebangela iimpawu zakho. Umzekelo, ukuba usebenzisa amazinyo okufakelwa, baza kujonga ukuba anamathele emlonyeni wakho kwaye akhuhlane kwiintsini okanye esidleleni sakho.

Emva koko, kudla ngokucetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe i-biopsy . Oku kuthetha ukuba iqhekeza elincinci lesicubu (isampulu yezicubu) lisuswe kwi-mole lize lithunyelwe kwiingcali ezibizwa ngokuba zii-pathologists ukuze zihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope. Kulapho kuphela apho sinokufumanisa khona ukuba imeko injani, loluphi utshintsho ('dysplasia') olukwiiseli, kwaye kunokwenzeka kangakanani ukuba ikhule ibe ngumhlaza.

Ngaba yonke indawo erhanelwa ukuba yi-leukoplakia kufuneka ihlolwe ngebhayoloji?

Ewe, yiloo nto idla ngokucetyiswayo. I-biopsy yeyona ndlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba une-leukoplakia, enokuthi ibe ngumhlaza womlomo, okanye ingaba yimeko engenabungozi. Ngoko ke ukuba ugqirha wakho ucebisa ukuba kwenziwe i-biopsy, kubalulekile ukuba ube nenkxaso kwaye ungoyiki.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lweLeukoplakia?

I-Leukoplakia inyangwa ngokususwa kwamabala emlonyeni. Nangona kunjalo, indlela yokunyanga imiselwa ngokujonga izinto ezininzi, ezifana nohlobo lwebala, iziphumo zengxelo ye-biopsy, kunye nomngcipheko wokuba ibala libe ngumhlaza.

• Ukunyanga unobangela: Inyathelo lokuqala kukususa unobangela we-leukoplakia, ukuba unokuchongwa. Umzekelo, ukuba uyatshaya, uyeka ukutshaya, okanye ukuba unengxaki yamazinyo, yilungise. Ngamanye amaxesha, xa unobangela ususiwe, ibala lisenokunyamalala lodwa.
• Ukususwa kwesilonda ngotyando:
• Oogqirha banokusebenzisa i- scalpel , imela ebukhali esetyenziswa xa kutyandwa, ukusika nokususa amabala.
• Ukususwa nge-laser kudla ngokusetyenziswa ukususa amabala . Oku kunciphisa ukopha kwaye kuphola ngokukhawuleza.
• Ukusebenzisa indlela ebizwa ngokuba yi -cryotherapy . Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa ubushushu obugqithisileyo (njenge-nitrogen engamanzi) ukukhenkceza nokutshabalalisa iiseli ezingaqhelekanga, ngaloo ndlela kususwe amabala.
• Ukususa amabala kusetyenziswa inaliti eshushu ngombane okanye esinye isixhobo (i-electrocauterization).
• Ezinye iindlela zonyango: Ngamanye amaxesha, amayeza asetyenziswa ngaphandle okanye ngomlomo afana ne-vitamin A (retinoids), kodwa la mayeza awafanelekanga kuye wonke umntu ngenxa yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Unyango lwe-Photodynamic, olusebenzisa ukukhanya ukunyanga umhlaza, lukwasetyenziswa nakwezinye iimeko.

Kwanasemva konyango, i-leukoplakia inokuphinda ivele, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba notyelelo rhoqo njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele.

Ngaba iLeukoplakia ingathintelwa?

I-Leukoplakia ayisoloko inokuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo kuba unobangela wayo awusoloko uyaziwa. Nangona kunjalo, siyazi ukuba le meko inxulumene kakhulu nokusetyenziswa kwecuba kunye nokusetyenziswa kotywala. Ngoko ke, ungenza ezi zinto ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho:

• Ukuphepha ukusebenzisa icuba ngokupheleleyo. Oku kuquka ukutshaya, ukuhlafuna icuba, kunye necuba elingenamsi. Le yeyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza.
• Ukunciphisa umlinganiselo wotywala obuselayo, okanye ukuyeka ngokupheleleyo. Ngokwemigaqo ye-American Cancer Society, ukuba usela utywala, amadoda akufuneki asele ngaphezulu kweziselo ezibini ngosuku kwaye abafazi akufuneki basele ngaphezu kwesinye ngosuku.
• Ukutya ukutya okunesondlo. Ukutya iziqhamo nemifuno emininzi kulungele impilo yomlomo wakho kunye nomzimba wakho wonke.
• Kubalulekile ukukhathalela impilo yomlomo wakho. Ukuxubha amazinyo akho yonke imihla kunye nokuhlolwa rhoqo ngugqirha wamazinyo kubalulekile.

Ngaba iLeukoplakia ingaphinda ivele?

Ewe, inokwenzeka. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba emva kokuba i-leukoplakia isusiwe, kukho ithuba eliyi-10% ukuya kwi-20% lokuba ibuyele. Ngamanye amaxesha inokukhula kwakhona kwindawo efanayo eyayikuyo ngaphambili, okanye kwenye indawo yomlomo. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuqhubeka ubona ugqirha wakho emva konyango.

Ngaba iLeukoplakia iza kuphila yodwa?

Ngokwesiqhelo, akunjalo. Amabala eLeukoplakia anokususwa ngotyando, ingakumbi ukuba makhulu okanye ukuba i-biopsy ibonisa utshintsho kwiiseli (i-dysplasia). Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, amabala amancinci anokuphela kancinci kancinci xa unobangela wokurhawuzelelwa (umz. ukutshaya, izinyo eliphukileyo) ususiwe. Nangona kunjalo, oku kufuneka kwenziwe phantsi kweliso likagqirha.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba ubona ibala elimhlophe elitsha, ibala elibomvu, okanye ibala elimhlophe nelibomvu elixutyiweyo emlonyeni wakho, ingakumbi ukuba sele likhona kangangeeveki ezingaphezu kwezimbini, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wamazinyo okanye ugqirha oqhelekileyo.

Ukuba ukhe wenziwa utyando lokususa i-leukoplakia, ugqirha wakho uya kucebisa ukuba uze rhoqo emva kweminyaka eliqela ukuze ufumane amadinga okulandela amazinyo . Ngokwesiqhelo rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-3-6 okanye kube kanye ngonyaka. Kwakhona, ungalibali ukubona ugqirha wamazinyo rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu ukuze uhlolwe amazinyo rhoqo.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha?

Ukuba une-leukoplakia, ungabuza ugqirha wakho le mibuzo ukuze uqonde ngcono imeko:

• Luhlobo luni lwe-leukoplakia endinalo?
• Inokuba yintoni isizathu soku?
• Luhlobo luni lonyango olucetyiswayo? Ngoba?
• Ngaba la mabala aya kuphela ngokupheleleyo xa enyangwa?
• Ingaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango? Zithini ezo?
• Lithini ithuba lokuba le leukoplakia ijike ibe ngumhlaza womlomo?
• Amathuba okuba kwenzeke kwakhona angakanani? Ndingenza ntoni ukuba kuyenzeka?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza womlomo?
• Kufuneka ndize kangaphi kuvavanyo?

Okokugqibela, izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzikhumbule

I-Leukoplakia yimeko ebangela ukuba kubekho amabala amhlophe elulwimini lwakho, kwiintsini, okanye ngaphakathi ezidleleni zakho. La mabala awanabuhlungu, kodwa awapheli ngokwawo. Nangona i-leukoplakia isenokubonakala ingenabungozi xa uyijonga okokuqala, kukho ithuba lokuba le meko ingakhula ibe ngumhlaza womlomo.

Ngoko ke, ukuba ubona amabala amhlophe, amabala abomvu, okanye isilonda esingapholiyo emlonyeni wakho, kwaye sisekho ngaphezu kweeveki ezimbini, qiniseka ukuba uxelele ugqirha wakho wamazinyo okanye ugqirha jikelele.

Uza kuhlola umlomo wakho, aze ukuba kuyimfuneko, akuthumele kwingcali ukuze afumane uvavanyo nonyango olongezelelekileyo. Ukuqaphela ezi zinto kwangethuba, ukufumana unyango olufanelekileyo, nokulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho zezona ndlela zilungileyo zokukhusela impilo yakho. Musa ukoyika, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele.

---

i- leukoplakia, amabala amhlophe emlonyeni, umhlaza womlomo, umhlaza womlomo, ukutshaya, utywala, ugqirha wamazinyo