"Owu, gqirha, bendisoloko ndiziva ndidiniwe kakhulu okwethutyana ngoku. Nokuba ndisenza umsebenzi omncinci kundenza ndizive ndibuthathaka. Umzimba wam uziva ngathi ufile." Ngaba uqhelene nolu hlobo lwebali? Mhlawumbi nawe unengxaki yale meko. Esinye sezizathu eziphambili zokuziva udiniwe kwaye ubuthathaka rhoqo kusenokuba kukwehla kwenqanaba le-hemoglobin emzimbeni wakho. Namhlanje, masithethe ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela wonke umntu anokuyiqonda.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-hemoglobin?
Khawucinge ukuba kukho inkonzo yokuhambisa ioksijini ethwala ioksijini emizimbeni yethu yonke. Iimoto zaloo nkonzo yokuhambisa ziiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezisegazini lethu. Ngoko ke, umntu ophethe iipakethe zeoksijini ngaphakathi kweso sithuthi ubizwa ngokuba yihemoglobin . Ihemoglobin yiproteni ekhethekileyo efumaneka ngaphakathi kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Yile nto ithatha ioksijini emiphungeni ize iyithumele kuyo yonke iseli emzimbeni.
Ngoko ke, kwenzeka ntoni xa eli nqanaba le-hemoglobin lihla? Kufana neepakethi zeoksijini kwizithuthi zokuhambisa impahla ziyancipha. Emva koko iiseli zethu azifumani oksijini eyaneleyo ukuvelisa amandla eziwadingayo. Yiyo loo nto siqala ukuziva sidiniwe, sidiniwe, kwaye sidiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha.
Ingakanani inqanaba le-hemoglobin egazini?
Amanqanaba e-hemoglobin ayahluka kancinci phakathi kwamadoda nabafazi. Ngokubanzi, amanqanaba asempilweni ngala alandelayo:
| Umntu | Inqanaba le-hemoglobin elisempilweni (gm/dL) | Kuthathwa njengomgangatho ophantsi |
|---|---|---|
| Amadoda | 14.0 - 17.5 gm/dL | Ngaphantsi kwe-13.0 gm/dL |
| Ibhinqa (elingakhulelwanga) | 12.3 - 15.3 gm/dL | Ngaphantsi kwe-12.0 gm/dL |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, musa ukusekela izigqibo zakho kula manani kuphela. Ukuba uvavanyo lwakho lwegazi lubonisa i-hemoglobin ephantsi, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba kuthetha ukuthini kwaye wenze ntoni ngako.
Kutheni le nto eli nqanaba le-hemoglobin lincipha?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezinokubangela i-hemoglobin ephantsi. Zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezininzi eziphambili.
1. Ukuveliswa okunganelanga kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi emzimbeni
Umongo wethu wethambo ngumzi-mveliso owenza iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ukuba kukho isifo esiphazamisana nomsebenzi wale mveliso, imveliso yeeseli ezibomvu zegazi iyancipha.
- Umhlaza: Kwezinye iintlobo zomhlaza, ezifana ne -lymphoma , i-leukemia , okanye i-multiple myeloma , iiseli zomhlaza zithatha indawo yomongo wethambo kwaye ziphazamise ukuveliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi.
- Isifo Sezintso Esingapheliyo: Izintso zethu zivelisa ihomoni enika umongo wethambo amandla okwenza iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Kwisifo sezintso, le nkqubo ayisebenzi kakuhle.
- I-Aplastic Anemia: Oku kwenzeka xa umongo wethambo ungakwazi ukuvelisa iiseli zegazi ezaneleyo.
- Amayeza athile: Unyango lwe-chemotherapy lomhlaza okanye amanye amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane lunokonakalisa umongo wethambo.
2. Igazi eliphuma okanye eliphuma emzimbeni
Ukuba silahlekelwa ligazi nje elincinci, silahlekelwa yintsimbi kunye ne-hemoglobin.
- Ukuya exesheni: Abanye abafazi banokufumana ukwehla kwe-hemoglobin ngenxa yokopha kakhulu ngexesha lokuya exesheni.
- Ukopha ngaphakathi: Usenokungakwazi ukubona ukopha ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho ngenxa yento efana nesilonda, kodwa kunokubangela ukwehla kwe-hemoglobin.
- Inxeba: Ukopha okubangelwa kukwenzakala okukhulu.
3. Ukutshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi
Ngokwesiqhelo, iseli ebomvu yegazi iphila malunga neentsuku ezili-120. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yezifo ezithile, ezi seli ziyaqhekeka kwaye zitshatyalaliswe ngokukhawuleza.
- I-Splenomegaly: I-spleen sisitho esisemzimbeni wethu esihluza iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezindala neziwonakeleyo. Ukuba i-spleen iyadumba ngenxa yezifo ezithile, inokubamba kwaye itshabalalise iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezininzi kunesiqhelo.
- I-Sickle Cell Anemia kunye ne-Thalassemias: Ezi zizifo zegazi ezizuzwa njengelifa ezichaphazela ulwakhiwo lwe-hemoglobin.
4. Ukunqongophala kwesondlo
Kukho izondlo ezibalulekileyo ezifunekayo ukwenza iiseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye ne-hemoglobin. Ukuba awufumani ngokwaneleyo ngokutya kwakho, i-hemoglobin yakho iya kuncipha.
- Ukunqongophala kwe-iron: I-iron ibalulekile ekuvelisweni kwe-hemoglobin. Imeko eyenzeka xa i-iron inqongophele ibizwa ngokuba yi-anemia yokunqongophala kwe-iron .
- Ukunqongophala kweVithamin B12 kunye neB9 (folic acid): Ezi vithamini zibalulekile nakwimveliso yeeseli ezibomvu zegazi.
Ungazi njani ukuba i-hemoglobin yakho iphantsi?
Eyona ndlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo kukwenza uvavanyo lwegazi . Ugqirha wakho uya kuyalela iFull Blood Count (FBC) . Oku kuya kujonga inani leeseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi kunye namanqanaba e-hemoglobin. Ngamanye amaxesha, ezinye iimvavanyo, ezifana neHemoglobin Electrophoresis , zinokwenziwa ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela.
Yintoni enokwenziwa ukubuyisela amanqanaba e-hemoglobin?
Oku kunyangwa ngokufumanisa nokunyanga unobangela oyintloko we-hemoglobin ephantsi.
Musa ukuzama ukunyanga i-hemoglobin ephantsi ngokwakho. Ukusela iipilisi zesinyithi ngaphandle kokufumanisa unobangela ngokufanelekileyo kunokuba yingozi.
Ugqirha uza kufumana unobangela aze anike unyango olufanelekileyo. Umzekelo:
- Ukuba unesiphene se-iron: Sela izongezo ze-iron okanye ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-iron.
- Ukuba kukho ukungabikho kweevithamini: Nika iipilisi zevithamini B12 okanye i-folic acid.
- Ukuba unesifo sezintso: Ngexesha lonyango lwesifo, unganikwa inaliti ezikhuthaza ukuveliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi.
- Ukuba kukho ukopha: Kunikwa unyango lokuthintela ukopha.
- Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu: Kusenokufuneka ukuba utofelo-gazi.
Izinto onokuzenza ekhaya
Kunye nonyango, kubaluleke kakhulu ukutya ukutya okunesondlo esityebileyo kwi-iron kunye nezinye izondlo.
- Inyama ebomvu (inyama yenkomo) kunye nezinye izinto ezifana nesibindi, iintsini
- Intlanzi
- Imifuno eluhlaza kunye nemifuno (ispinatshi, ikale, imifuno eluhlaza, ispinatshi)
- Iimbotyi ezifana neelentile, iitshizi, iimbotyi eziluhlaza, kunye neepea
- Iziqhamo ezomisiweyo kunye namandongomane afana neerayisi, iidethi
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nokudinwa okungapheliyo, ubuthathaka, ukuphaphatheka, kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla, musa ukuzityeshela.
- I-hemoglobin ephantsi luphawu, asisosifo. Kubalulekile ukufumana imeko yezonyango ebangela oku.
- Ukuba uvavanyo lwakho lwegazi lubonisa i-hemoglobin ephantsi, qiniseka ukuba uyayicacisa le nto kwaye ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo.Bona ugqirha wakho.
- Ungaze usebenzise iipilisi zesinyithi okanye ezinye izongezo zesondlo ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.
- Ukutya okunesondlo nokulinganiselayo kunceda kakhulu ekugcineni amanqanaba e-hemoglobin asempilweni.
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