Ngaba wakha weva ngeLynch Syndrome? Eli gama lisenokuba litsha kuwe. Kodwa yimeko yemfuza edluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana eyandisa kakhulu umngcipheko wethu wokuba nomhlaza. Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza, ingakumbi ngaphambi kokuba ufikelele kwiminyaka engama-50 ubudala. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika xa usiva amagama athi "unokufumana umhlaza". Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba nolwazi olufanelekileyo malunga nezi meko. Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iLynch Syndrome?
Khawuthelekelele ukuba imizimba yethu ifana nomatshini ontsonkothileyo osebenza ngokwencwadi enkulu yemiyalelo (i-DNA). Izakhi zofuzo zethu zifana noonobumba abakule ncwadi yemiyalelo. Ngamanye amaxesha, kukho iimpazamo kule ncwadi yemiyalelo, okanye 'iimpazamo zokubhala'. Kwizonyango, oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-genetic mutations.
I-Lynch syndrome yimeko ebangelwa kukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo. Umzimba wethu unohlobo oluthile lwezakhi zofuzo olubona kwaye lulungise iimpazamo kwi-DNA yethu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"mismatch repair (MMR)`` gene. Kufana 'neqela lokulungisa'' emzimbeni wethu. Umntu one-Lynch syndrome unesiphene kwenye yezakhi zofuzo kweli 'qela lokulungisa''. Ke ngoko, iimpazamo kwi-DNA azilungiswa kakuhle. Iiseli ezinezi mpazamo ziyaqokelelana kwaye ngokuhamba kwexesha, zinokuba nomhlaza.
Le meko inokuchaphazela nabani na. Kuba yimeko yemfuza. Ngamanye amaxesha ungayifumana le jini inesiphako kumama okanye kutata wakho. Kunqabile kakhulu, olu tshintsho lwemfuza lunokwenzeka emzimbeni womntu omtsha ngaphandle komntu kusapho. Ukuba ujonga izibalo kwilizwe elifana neMelika, kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga nomntu omnye kwabangama-279 unale meko.
Ziziphi iimpawu umntu one-Lynch syndrome anokuziva?
Into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyiqaphele apha kukuba i-Lynch syndrome ayinazo iimpawu ezithile. Endaweni yoko, luphawu lomhlaza obangelwa yile meko. Olona luxhaphakileyo kwezi ngumhlaza we-colorectal.
Ngoko ke, nazi ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo ezinokunxulunyaniswa nomhlaza we-colorectal:
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Igazi esitulweni | Indle inokuba bomvu okanye imnyama mnyama kwaye igazi lixubene. |
| Intlungu yesisu okanye isicaphucaphu | Iintlungu zesisu okanye ukungakhululeki rhoqo. |
| Utshintsho kwimikhwa yamathumbu | Ukuqala ngequbuliso kokuqhinwa okanye urhudo, okanye indle ebhityileyo kunesiqhelo. |
| Ukudinwa rhoqo | Ukudinwa rhoqo nangona uphumle kakuhle. |
| Ukudumba okanye ukudumba | Ukuziva ugcwele okanye uqunjelwe nasemva kokutya kancinci. |
| Isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza | Ukucaphuka okanye ukuhlanza ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo. |
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ayinguye wonke umntu ofumana ezi mpawu. Ngamanye amaxesha umhlaza usenokungabonakalisi zimpawu de ube sele uqhubele phambili kakhulu. Ke ngoko, ukuba uyaqhubeka nokuba nenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wakho ukuze akunike iingcebiso.
Zeziphi iintlobo zomhlaza ezinokuvela ngenxa yesi simo?
I-Lynch syndrome ayisiyongxaki evulela indlela yohlobo olunye lomhlaza. Iyandisa umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba. Amalungu asemngciphekweni anokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwijini engalunganga. `MLHL`, `MSH2`, `MSH6`, `PMS2` kunye ne`EPCAM` zezona jini zintlanu ziphambili ezibandakanyekayo.
Nazi ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza ezibangela ukuba i-Lynch syndrome inyuse umngcipheko wazo.
| Uhlobo lomhlaza | Ilungu lomzimba elifanelekileyo |
|---|---|
| Umhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu kunye nomhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu | Inkqubo yokugaya ukutya |
| Umhlaza wesibeleko/we-Endometrial | Inkqubo yokuzala yabasetyhini |
| Umhlaza wesibeleko | Inkqubo yokuzala yabasetyhini |
| Umhlaza wesisu | Inkqubo yokugaya ukutya |
| Umhlaza wamathumbu amancinci | Inkqubo yokugaya ukutya |
| Umhlaza wePancreatic | Inkqubo yokugaya ukutya |
| Umhlaza womchamo ophezulu | Inkqubo yomchamo |
| Umhlaza wobuchopho | Inkqubo yemithambo-luvo |
| Umhlaza wolusu | Ulusu |
Umhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu obangelwa yiLynch syndrome wahlukile kancinci. Ukhula ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kunomhlaza oqhele ukwenzeka.Nangona kuthatha malunga neminyaka eli-10 ukuba i-polyp encinci yomntu oqhelekileyo ibe ngumhlaza, kuthatha unyaka okanye emibini kumntu one-Lynch syndrome.
Kwakhona, ngenxa yesi simo, umntu okhe waba nomhlaza we-colorectal waza waphila usengozini enkulu yokuphinda abe nomhlaza ofanayo.
Cinga, kukho umngcipheko we-15% wokuba umhlaza uphinde uvele kwakhona kwiminyaka eli-10 emva kokuba umhlaza wokuqala ususiwe ngotyando. Lo mngcipheko unokunyuka uye kuma-40% emva kweminyaka engama-20, kwaye uye kuma-60% emva kweminyaka engama-30. Oku kubonisa indlela ekubaluleke ngayo ukuhlolwa rhoqo.
Oku kudluliswa njani kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana?
I-Lynch syndrome yimeko edluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana ngendlela ethi "autosomal dominant". Oku kuthetha ukuba nokuba ngumzali omnye kuphela, nokuba ngumama okanye ngutata, onesi sifo, kukho amathuba angama-50% okuba umntwana asifumane. Oku kuthetha ukuba umntwana ngamnye unethuba elingama-50% lokusifumana kwaye amathuba angama-50% okungayifumani.
Ngoko ke, ukuba wena okanye umntu osapho lwakho ufunyaniswe ene-Lynch syndrome, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa lonke usapho lwakho. Ingakumbi abantakwenu, abantwana, kunye nabazali kufuneka baxelelwe ngale ngozi. Ukubathumela kuvavanyo lwemfuza kunye neengcebiso kunokusindisa ubomi babo.
Ndingazi njani ukuba ndinayo le meko? Zeziphi iimvavanyo ekufuneka ndizenze?
Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuqinisekisa ukuba une-Lynch syndrome kukwenza uvavanyo lwemfuza . Oku kudla ngokubandakanya ukuthatha isampuli yegazi. Okanye kuthathwa i-buccal swab ngaphakathi emlonyeni wakho. Olu vavanyo lunokufumanisa ngokuchanekileyo ukuba unayo na inguqu kwiijini esithethe ngazo ngaphambili, njenge-MLHL kunye ne-MSH2.
Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-Lynch syndrome, into elandelayo ebalulekileyo kukufumana uvavanyo rhoqo ukuze ufumane umhlaza kwangethuba. Ugqirha wakho uza kwenza ishedyuli yovavanyo efanelekileyo kuwe.
| Uvavanyo | Indlela yokwenza kunye nexesha elicetyiswayo |
|---|---|
| I-Colonoscopy | I-colonoscopy yinkqubo apho kufakwa khona ityhubhu encinci enekhamera nge-anus ukuze kuhlolwe i-colon. Ihlala icetyiswa rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini . |
| I-Ultrasound ye-Transvaginal | Kwabasetyhini, uvavanyo lwe-pelvic, olubandakanya ukufakwa kwesixhobo sokuskena nge-vaginal kunye nokuhlolwa kwesibeleko kunye nama-ovari, kuyacetyiswa rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini . |
| Uhlalutyo lomchamo | Fumana ulwazi olusisiseko malunga nomhlaza onxulumene nezintso ngokuvavanya isampuli yomchamo. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba oku kwenziwe minyaka le . |
| I-Endoscopy Ephezulu | Ityhubhu enekhamera efakwe ngomlomo ukuze ihlole isisu kunye nenxalenye ephezulu yamathumbu amancinci. Icetyiswa rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-3-5 . |
| I-Biopsy | Ukuba kufunyenwe izicubu ezikrokrisayo okanye ithumba ngexesha lovavanyo olungentla, kuthathwa isampuli encinci ize ivavanywe iiseli zomhlaza. |
Iphathwa njani iLynch syndrome?
Okwangoku akukho nyango lwesifo semfuza iLynch syndrome. Ke ngoko, eyona nto iphambili kunyango kukufumanisa nokususa iiseli zomhlaza emzimbeni ngotyando. Ukuba umhlaza unokufunyaniswa kwaye ususwe ngaphambi kokuba usasazeke kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, iziphumo ziyaphumelela kakhulu.
Oku kufuna iqela loogqirha abanolwazi oluhlukeneyo. Umzekelo, iingcali zesisu, oogqirha botyando, oogqirha bomhlaza babasetyhini, kunye neengcali zomhlaza basebenzisana ukunyanga le meko.
Abanye abantu, ingakumbi abafazi abagqibezele iintsapho zabo, bakhetha ukususwa kwesibeleko okanye ukususwa kwesibeleko ngaphambi kokuba kuvele nasiphi na isifo ukuze kuncitshiswe umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza wesibeleko okanye wesibeleko kwixesha elizayo. Ngokufanayo, abo basengozini enkulu yomhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu banokukhetha ukususwa kwesibeleko. Ezi zizigqibo zobuqu kakhulu, kwaye kufuneka zenziwe emva kwengxoxo ende nogqirha wakho.
Ngaba i-Lynch syndrome kunye ne-HNPCC ziyafana?
Usenokuba ukhe weva negama elithi `HNPCC (Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer)`. I-Lynch syndrome kunye ne-HNPCC zihlala zisetyenziswa ngokutshintshana, kodwa kukho umahluko omncinci wobuchwephesha phakathi kwezi zimbini.
Ngamafutshane, igama elithi HNPCC lisetyenziswa ngokusekelwe kwimbali yosapho. Oko kukuthi, ukuba amalungu aliqela osapho aye afumana olu hlobo lomhlaza, olo sapho kuthiwa lune-HNPCC. Kodwa i-Lynch syndrome ligama elinikwa emva kokuba utshintsho oluthile lwezakhi zofuzo olubangela ukuba luchongwe. Ngoko ke, onke amalungu osapho olune-HNPCC anokuba notshintsho lwezakhi zofuzo lwe-Lynch syndrome. Kwakhona, umntu ophuhlisa utshintsho olutsha lwezakhi zofuzo ngaphandle komnye umntu kusapho naye kunokuthiwa une-Lynch syndrome.
Akukho mntu uthanda ukuva la mazwi athi, "Unomhlaza." Umntu onesifo seLynch syndrome usenokufuna ukuva loo mazwi ngaxa lithile ebomini bakhe. Kodwa asikokuphela kwehlabathi. Ukuba uyayazi imeko yakho, sebenzisana nogqirha wakho, kwaye ufumane uhlolo lomhlaza rhoqo, nawuphi na umhlaza unokufunyaniswa kwaye unyangeke kwasekuqaleni. Ukufunyanwa kwangethuba kunye nonyango yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuphila ubomi obusempilweni nobonwabisayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Lynch syndrome yimeko yemfuza edluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana kwaye yandisa umngcipheko womhlaza.
- Nokuba ngumzali omnye kuphela onesi sifo, umntwana unethuba elingama-50% lokusifumana njengelifa.
- Ukuba wena okanye umntu kusapho lwakho ufunyaniswe enale meko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa amanye amalungu osapho asondeleyo ngayo.
- Nangona esi sifo semfuza singenakunyangwa, eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela okanye yokubona umhlaza kwangethuba kukwenza uvavanyo lwezonyango rhoqo.
- Ukufunyanwa nonyango lomhlaza kwangethuba kunokuvelisa iziphumo eziphumelelayo kakhulu kwaye kukuvumela ukuba uphile ubomi obusempilweni.
- Soloko unxibelelana nogqirha wakho ukuze ulungiselele ishedyuli yovavanyo ekufaneleyo kwaye ulungise naziphi na iingxaki.
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