Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi umzimba wakho ubuthathaka kwaye izihlunu zakho zibuthathaka? Mhlawumbi ugqirha wakho ukuxelele ukuba unokufuna 'ukuhlolwa kwemisipha'? Umele ukuba woyika kancinci xa usiva elo gama. "Ngaba baza kunqumla iqhekeza lenyama yam?" Umele ukuba wacinga. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Oku akoyiki njengoko kuvakala. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela eya kuphendula yonke imibuzo onayo engqondweni yakho.
Yintoni le Biopsy yeMisipha?
Ngamafutshane, oku kuquka ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesihlunu sakho, elingadluli uzipho, uze ulihlolisise phantsi kwe-microscope elebhu. Njengokuthatha intambo elaphini uze ujonge ukuba yintoni engalunganga ngayo, ukuhlola eli qhekeza lesihlunu kunokufumanisa ngokuchanekileyo ukuba unesifo (i-myopathy) esichaphazela izihlunu zakho. Olu luvavanyo olubaluleke kakhulu.
Kufuneka nini i-Muscle Biopsy?
Ugqirha akayi kukuthumela kwangoko kolu vavanyo xa ebona ukuba ubuthathaka kwimisipha. Baza kuqala benze ezinye iimvavanyo ezimbalwa.
- Uvavanyo lomzimba nolwemithambo-luvo: Ugqirha uza kukuhlola ukuze abone ukuba imisipha yakho ibuthathaka kangakanani.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Uvavanyo lwegazi, ingakumbi uvavanyo lwe-creatine kinase , kunye novavanyo oluthile lwe-genetic luyenziwa.
- Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso: Izinto ezifana ne-MRI scans.
- Izifundo zokuqhuba imithambo-luvo kunye ne-electromyography (EMG): Ezi zifundo zivavanya unxibelelwano phakathi kwemithambo-luvo kunye nemisipha yakho.
Ukuba, emva kwazo zonke ezi mvavanyo, awukwazi ukufikelela kwisigqibo esiqinisekileyo ngemeko yakho, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba wenze i-muscle biopsy. Ngolwazi olufunyenwe koku, kuya kuba nokwenzeka ukufumanisa uhlobo oluchanekileyo lwesifo.
Zeziphi izifo ezinokufunyaniswa ngolu vavanyo?
I-biopsy yemisipha inokuchonga ngokuchanekileyo iimeko ezahlukeneyo ezinxulumene nemisipha. Le theyibhile ingezantsi iya kukunika umbono olungileyo.
| Uhlobo lwemeko yezonyango | Imizekelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuphazamiseka kweMisipha | Iimeko ezifana neDuchenne muscular dystrophy, iBecker muscular dystrophy, kunye ne-myotonic dystrophy. |
| Iintsholongwane zeParasitic | Iintsholongwane ezichaphazela izihlunu, ezifana ne-trichinosis kunye ne-toxoplasmosis. |
| Iimeko Zezihlunu Ezivuthayo | I-Polymyositis kunye ne-dermatomyositis. |
| IiMetabolic Myopathies | Izifo zokugcina i-glycogen ezifana nesifo sikaPompe. |
| IiMyopathies zokuzalwa | Iimeko zokuzalwa ezifana ne-nemaline myopathy. |
| I-Myopathies ebangelwa ngamachiza (Toxic Myopathies) | Iimeko ezinokubakho ngenxa yokusebenzisa amayeza athile, anjengee-steroids okanye ii-statins. |
I-biopsy ithathwa kweyiphi imisipha emzimbeni?
Kolu vavanyo, isiqwenga sesihlunu sidla ngokuthathwa kwenye yeendawo ezintathu emzimbeni wakho.
- Ii-quadriceps: Iqela elikhulu lemisipha elingaphambili kwethanga lakho.
- I-Deltoid: Umsipha onamathela egxalabeni lakho.
- I-Bicep: Ingalo yakho engasentla, yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yinxalenye yenyama yengalo yakho.
Ugqirha uza kukhetha indawo yolu vavanyo ngononophelo olukhulu. Isampulu iya kuthathwa kwisihlunu esibuthathaka okanye esineempawu . Nangona kunjalo, ukuba isihlunu sibuthathaka kakhulu, njengokuba sisandula ukujovwa, okanye ukuba kukho ukwenzakala kuloo ndawo,, musa ukwenza oku ukwindawo enjalo. Kuba ukuba wenza njalo, iziphumo zovavanyo (ingxelo) zisenokuba azichanekanga.
Ndingazilungiselela njani ngaphambi kovavanyo?
Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela indlela yokwenza uvavanyo aze akunike imiyalelo yokuba ungazilungiselela njani. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela le miyalelo ngokuchanekileyo.
- Ukuba kutshanje (kwiinyanga ezi-6) ukhe wahlatywa inaliti yemisipha , wenza uvavanyo olufana ne-EMG , okanye wenzakele kwimisipha, qiniseka ukuba uxelele ugqirha wakho ngayo loo nto.
- Ukuba uthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi okanye i-aspirin , ugqirha wakho angakucela ukuba uyeke ukuwathatha kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kovavanyo. Nangona kunjalo, ungayeki ukuthatha amayeza de ugqirha wakho akuxelele ukuba uyeke .
- Usenokucelwa ukuba uzile ukutya (ungatyi okanye usele nantoni na ngaphandle kwamanzi) kangangeeyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kovavanyo.
- Ukuba unikwa i-anesthesia okanye i-sedation xa uvavanya, kubalulekile ukuba kubekho umntu oza kukuthatha akuse ekhaya emva kovavanyo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha le-biopsy?
Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokwenza i-muscle biopsy. Inkqubo iyahluka kancinci ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela esetyenziswa ngayo.
1. Indlela ye-Open Biopsy
Oku kufana notyando oluncinci.
1. Okokuqala, indawo apho isampuli iza kuthathwa khona icocwe kakuhle ngesisombululo se-antiseptic.
2. Okulandelayo, kufakwa i -anesthetic yendawo kuloo ndawo, ukuze ungeva ntlungu.
3. Ugqirha wenza umngxuma omncinci eluswini, malunga neesentimitha ezi-4-6 ubude.
4. Emva koko ulusu, amafutha angaphantsi komhlaba, kunye nesigqubuthelo semisipha (i-fascia) ziyahlulwa, ziqhubekele kwisihlunu esingaphantsi.
5. Iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesihlunu liyasikwa lize lisuswe.
6. Ekugqibeleni, i-incision ivalwa kwakhona nge-sutures kwaye igqunywe kakuhle ngamabhandeji.
2. Indlela ye-Needle Biopsy
Le ndlela ilula kancinci.
1. Nakule meko, qala ngokucoca indawo kakuhle.
2. Emva koko kufakwa i-anesthetic yendawo kuloo ndawo.
3. Ugqirha wenza umngxuma omncinci kakhulu eluswini aze afake inaliti ekhethekileyo (inaliti ye-biopsy) enobukhulu obungangepensile kuyo.
4. Ngokwesiqhelo, i -ultrasound scan isetyenziselwa ukukhokela inaliti kwimisipha echanekileyo.
5. Kusetyenziswa isixhobo esingaphakathi kwinaliti, malunga neziqwenga ezi-3 okanye ezi-4 ezincinci zemisipha ziyanqunyulwa zize ziqokelelwe.
6. Emva koko, inaliti iyasuswa, inxeba libanjwe endaweni yalo ngoxinzelelo oluthile ukuze kumiswe ukopha, kwaye inxeba ligqunywe ngebhandishi.
Ngaba kubuhlungu kakhulu xa usenza oku?
Le yeyona ngxaki inkulu kubantu abaninzi. Enyanisweni, ukuba unikwa i-anesthesia eqhelekileyo, awuyi kuva nto . Ukuba unikwa i-anesthesia yendawo kuphela, uya kuva kuphela imvakalelo yokuhlaba ephuma kwinaliti. Emva koko, ungaziva into icinezela okanye itsala, kodwa akuyi kuba buhlungu kakhulu .
Kunokubakho ubuhlungu obuncinci kangangeentsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu emva kwenkqubo. Ukuba kwenziwe i-biopsy evulekileyo, indawo inokuba buhlungu kangangeveki. Ngamanye amaxesha indawo inokuba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, njengenxeba. Ugqirha wakho uza kukucebisa ngento omawuyenze ukulawula intlungu.
Emva kovavanyo lwe-biopsy kwaye de kufike ingxelo
Ukuba unikwe i-anesthesia, uza kuthunyelwa ekhaya kwigumbi lokuchacha de imiphumo yamayeza iphele. Isampuli yemisipha iyaqandiswa kusetyenziswa iikhemikhali ezikhethekileyo ize ithunyelwe kwilebhu ukuze ivavanywe. Apho, ingcali yezifo zemithambo-luvo, iyihlola phantsi kwe-microscope.
Eyona nto inzima kukulinda ingxelo yovavanyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha iintsuku ezimbalwa okanye ngaphezulu kweveki ukuba iziphumo zivele. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ngale nto.
Ndifanele ndiphinde ndimbone ugqirha kwakhona?
Kukho ithuba elincinci lokuba indawo ye-biopsy iya kosulelwa, ngoko ke ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingezantsi, kufuneka uqhagamshelane nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko .
| Uphawu ekufuneka luqwalaselwe | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukudumba okanye ukubomvu | Ukuba ulusu olujikeleze inxeba ludumbile, lubomvu, okanye lutshintshe umbala. |
| Ukufudumala | Ukuba ulusu olujikeleze inxeba lufudumele kunezinye iindawo. |
| Ubomvu okanye ukukhupha | Ukuba ubomvu okanye olunye ulwelo luphuma enxebeni. |
| Ifiva | Ukuba unomkhuhlane. |
| Umsebenzi onzima | Ukuba uziva udiniwe ngendlela engaqhelekanga. |
Kuqhelekile ukuba novalo kwaye uxhalabe xa uxelelwa ukuba uza kwenziwa i-biopsy yemisipha. Kwaye ngelixa ulinde iziphumo, uya kuba nezinto ezininzi engqondweni yakho. Ugqirha wakho uyayiqonda yonke le nto. Ngoko ungathandabuzi ukumbuza nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo . Ukuba iziphumo ziqinisekisa imeko yempilo, yicinge njengenyathelo lokuqala kuhambo lwakho lokuchacha. Ukusuka apho, ugqirha wakho uya kusebenza nawe ukwenza isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Muscle Biopsy luvavanyo olukhuselekileyo kakhulu olusetyenziselwa ukuchonga ngokuchanekileyo izifo ezinxulumene nemisipha.
- Olu vavanyo lwenziwa kuphela emva kwezinye iimvavanyo ezifana novavanyo lwegazi kunye neeskeni, ukuba kuyimfuneko ukufikelela kwisigqibo esiqinisekileyo ngesi sifo.
- Nayiphi na intlungu ngexesha nasemva kovavanyo ilawulwa kakuhle, ngoko ungakhathazeki ngokungeyomfuneko ngayo.
- Landela imiyalelo kagqirha ngononophelo ngaphambi nasemva kovavanyo.
- Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu zosulelo, ezinje ngokudumba, ukuba bomvu, ubomvu, okanye umkhuhlane, kwindawo yovavanyo lwe-biopsy, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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