Ingaba amajoni akho omzimba abuthathaka? Masifunde ngeNeutropenia!

Ubusazi na ukuba xa intsholongwane ingena emzimbeni wethu, umzimba wethu unomkhosi wokulwa nayo? Olunye uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwamajoni kulo mkhosi lubizwa ngokuba yiNeutrophil. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo, inani lala majoni emzimbeni wethu liyehla. Kulapho ke nokuba sisifo esincinci siba sibi kakhulu kwaye usulelo luqala ukwenzeka rhoqo. Namhlanje sithetha ngale meko ibizwa ngokuba yi'Neutropenia', apho amajoni okhuselo lomzimba ehla khona.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni iNeutropenia?

I-Neutropenia (ebizwa ngokuba yi-neutro-pe-nia) yimeko apho inani lee-neutrophils, uhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, egazini lakho liphantsi kunesiqhelo. Ezi neutrophils ziveliswa ikakhulu kumongo wethu wethambo. Umsebenzi wazo ophambili kukufumana nokutshabalalisa iintsholongwane, ezifana neebhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane, ezingena emizimbeni yethu.

Ngoko ke khawucinge ngento eyenzekayo xa la ma-neutrophils esezantsi. Kufana nokuba umkhosi okhusela ilizwe ubuthathaka. Amandla omzimba wethu okulwa neentsholongwane ancipha kakhulu. Kwiimeko ezinzima, neebhaktheriya eziqhelekileyo emlonyeni nasemathunjini ethu, ezingamlimaziyo umntu ophilileyo, zinokubangela usulelo olukhulu.

Amanqanaba e-neutrophil ahlulwa njani?

Ugqirha uza kufumanisa oku ngokujonga iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho lwegazi. Ngokwesiqhelo, umntu omdala osempilweni kufuneka abe nee-neutrophils ezingaphezu kwe-1,500 kwi-microliter nganye yegazi. I-Neutropenia yahlulwe yangamanqanaba amathathu kuxhomekeke ekubeni eli nani liphantsi kangakanani.

Le meko inokuba yexesha elifutshane (elibukhali) okanye elide (elingapheliyo). Isenokuba yinto yokuzalwa okanye efunyenwe.

Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili ze-neutropenia?

Kunokubakho izizathu ezininzi zokuncipha kwee-neutrophils. Nokuba umongo wethambo awuvelisi ii-neutrophils ezaneleyo, okanye ii-neutrophils eziveliswayo zitshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza.

Nazi ezinye zezizathu eziphambili:

• Umhlaza kunye nonyango lwawo: Le yimbangela eqhelekileyo. Unyango lwe-chemotherapy kunye nonyango lwe-radiation, ngakumbi kumhlaza, lunokonakalisa iiseli ezisempilweni ezibizwa ngokuba zii-neutrophils, ezizahlulahlula iiseli ngokukhawuleza, xa zitshatyalaliswa. Ingabangelwa nangumhlaza wegazi ofana ne-leukemia.
• Iintsholongwane: Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane, iintsholongwane, kunye neentsholongwane zinokunciphisa amanqanaba e-neutrophil okwethutyana. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-HIV, i-Hepatitis, i-Tuberculosis, kunye ne-sepsis, usulelo olubi kakhulu.
• Amayeza athile: Ukongeza kumayeza omhlaza, amanye amayeza asetyenziswa kwezinye izifo anokubangela ukwehla kwee-neutrophils njengesiphumo esibi.
• Iimeko zokuzikhusela komzimba: Oku kuxa inkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela ihlasela ngempazamo iiseli zethu ze-neutrophil ezisempilweni, icinga ukuba ziintshaba. Imizekelo ibandakanya iimeko ezifana ne-lupus kunye ne-rheumatoid arthritis.
• Ukunqongophala kwesondlo: Le meko inokwenzeka nokuba umzimba awunazo izondlo ezifana ne-vitamin B12, i-folate, okanye i-copper.
• Izizathu zofuzo: Abanye abantu bazuza esi sifo kwasekuzalweni.

Zithini iimpawu ze-neutropenia?

Into ebalulekileyo apha kukuba iNeutropenia ngokwayo ayinazo iimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba ii-neutrophils ziphantsi, unokufumana iimpawu ezahlukeneyo ngenxa yosulelo olufumana lula. Ukuba ugula rhoqo, oko kungaba luphawu lweNeutropenia.

Xa usulelo luvela, unokubona iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Umkhuhlane (ngaphezulu kwama-38 Celsius okanye i-100.4 Fahrenheit)
• Ndiziva ndidiniwe kakhulu kwaye ndingenabomi
• Umqala obuhkungu
• Ukudumba kwamalungu omzimba
• Izilonda ezibuhlungu emlonyeni okanye empundu
• Urhudo
• Ukutsha kunye nentlungu xa uchama
• Usulelo lolusu (ububomvu, ukudumba, iintlungu)

Ukuba inqanaba lakho le-neutropenia liphantsi, usenokuba usenee-neutrophils ezaneleyo emzimbeni wakho zokulwa nosulelo. Usenokungabi nazo naziphi na iimpawu okwangoku.

Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?

Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu sokuba amanqanaba akho e-neutrophil aphantsi kunye nokuba anzima kangakanani. Ezinye iimeko ezincinci zisenokungafuni naluphi na unyango.

Nazi ezinye zeendlela eziphambili zonyango:

• Ii-antibiotics: Ukuba une-neutropenia kunye nomkhuhlane (obizwa ngokuba yi-'febrile neutropenia'), oko kungaba luphawu losulelo olukhulu. Kwimeko enjalo, ugqirha wakho unokukungenisa esibhedlele aze akunike ii-antibiotics ezinamandla ngomthambo (ngomgca).
• IiCorticosteroids: Ukuba i-neutropenia yakho ibangelwa sisifo esibangelwa kukuzikhusela komzimba, la mayeza anikwa ukulawula umsebenzi wenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
• I-G-CSF (i-Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor): Ezi luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwenaliti oluvuselela umongo wethambo kwaye lunyuse imveliso yeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (ingakumbi ii-neutrophils). Ezi zihlala zinikwa abantu abafumana i-chemotherapy.
• Ukutshintsha amayeza: Ukuba imeko yakho ibangelwa liyeza, ugqirha wakho angaliyeka iyeza okanye atshintshe umthamo walo.

Ndingenza ntoni ukuze ndizikhusele kwiintsholongwane?

Ukuba uyazi ukuba une-neutropenia, eyona nto ibalulekileyo onokuyenza kukuzikhusela kwiintsholongwane. Ekubeni inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibuthathaka, kufuneka ulumke ngakumbi.

• Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi rhoqo. Sebenzisa isicoci sezandla esisekelwe kutywala xa kungekho manzi.
• Hlala kude nabantu abagulayo nabaxineneyo kangangoko unako.
• Fumana zonke izitofu ozifunayo , ezifana nesitofu somkhuhlane, ngexesha. Cela ingcebiso kugqirha wakho ngale nto.
• Kuphephe ukusikeka nokukrweleka. Coca kwaye unyange namanxeba amancinci ngokukhawuleza.
• Lumka kakhulu malunga nococeko lokutya. Hlamba imifuno neziqhamo kakuhle phambi kokutya. Pheka inyama, intlanzi, namaqanda kakuhle phambi kokutya.
• Musa ukusebenzisa izitya zabanye abantu, iikomityi, amacephe, iireyiza, iitawuli kunye neebhrashi zamazinyo.
• Ukuba usebenza egadini, nxiba iiglavu.
• Xa ususa inkunkuma yezilwanyana zasekhaya okanye utshintsha iinabukeni zabantwana abancinci, qiniseka ukuba unxibe iiglavu kwaye uhlambe izandla zakho kakuhle emva kokuba ugqibile.
• Kuphephe ukudada emanzini angacocekanga, njengamachibi, imilambo, namachibi.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha ngokukhawuleza?

Ukuba ufumana i-chemotherapy okanye unenye imeko yezonyango enokubangela i-neutropenia, ungalibazisi ukuba ufumanisa naziphi na ezi mpawu zilandelayo. Fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.

I-neutropenia ayiyonto yokoyika, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uyiqaphele kwaye uyilumkele. Ukuba ulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngononophelo kwaye uthatha amanyathelo afunekayo ukuzikhusela kwiintsholongwane, ungayilawula kakuhle le meko.