Kuqhelekile ukuba nabani na azive enoloyiko olukhulu kwaye othukile xa esiva amagama athi "umhlaza we-colorectal". Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yenkqubela phambili kwezonyango namhlanje, kukho unyango oluninzi olutsha noluphumelelayo olunokusinceda sijamelane nezifo ezinjalo. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngendlela "yonyango olujoliswe kuyo" eyahlukileyo kwi-chemotherapy yendabuko kwaye ngokukodwa ijolise kwaye ihlasele iiseli zomhlaza.
Ngamafutshane, zithini ezi Monoclonal Antibodies?
Ngaphambi kokuba sikuqonde oku, makhe sijonge inkqubo yokuzikhusela emangalisayo enayo imizimba yethu. Xa intsholongwane, efana nebhaktheriya okanye intsholongwane, ingena emizimbeni yethu, inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela ivelisa iiproteni ezikhethekileyo ezinokuzibona ezi ntshaba, zinamathele kuzo, kwaye zizitshabalalise. Ezi sizibiza ngokuba "ngabalindi bomzimba," okanye ii-antibodies ukuba zichaneke ngakumbi.
Ngoku, ezi "Monoclonal Antibodies" luhlobo lwee-antibodies zokwenziwa ezenziwe kwilebhu kusetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe obukhethekileyo. Ezi zenzelwe ukuhlasela injongo enye kuphela. Ngokuchanekileyo, zenzelwe ukuqaphela iproteni ethile kumphezulu weseli yomhlaza, zinamathele kuyo, kwaye zitshabalalise loo seli yomhlaza .
Oku kufana ne-commando eqeqeshwe ngokukodwa enokufumana utshaba kwindawo enabantu abaninzi ize ihlasele olo tshaba kuphela ngaphandle kokulimaza omnye umntu. Ke ngoko, endaweni yokonakalisa iiseli ezilungileyo emzimbeni njenge-chemotherapy eqhelekileyo, le ndlela yonyango inokulindeleka ukuba ibe nemiphumo emibi embalwa kuba icacile ngakumbi.
Amayeza athintela ukukhula kwemithambo yegazi kumhlaza (ii-Angiogenesis Inhibitors)
Umhlaza awungomntu okhula nje kuphela. Ufana nesityalo. Udinga ukondliwa ukuze uphile, ukhule, kwaye ukhule. Ukuze ufumane olu kondliwa, iiseli zomhlaza zikhulisa imithambo yegazi emitsha ezijikelezileyo. Le nkqubo siyibiza ngokuba yi "angiogenesis." Ngoko ke, ukuba siyayimisa imithambo yegazi ebonelela ngolu "kutya nokusela" kumhlaza, singayimisa ukukhula komhlaza, akunjalo? Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba ludidi lwamayeza enza loo nto.
Nantsi indlela esebenza ngayo iBevacizumab (Avastin):
I-Bevacizumab (igama lophawu: i-Avastin) liyeza eliphambili kolu didi. Iiseli zomhlaza zithumela isignali ezixelela ukuba "zakhe imithambo yegazi." Esi signali sibizwa ngokuba yi-vascular endothelial growth factor, okanye i-VEGF. Into eyenziwa yi-Avastin kukuthintela loo signali ukuba ingafikeleli kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo. Ngamazwi alula, ithintela "ileta yokwakha imithambo yegazi" ethunyelwa ngumhlaza ize iyitshabalalise.
Oku kuyekisa umhlaza ekwenzeni imithambo yegazi emitsha, nto leyo enciphisa ukukhula komhlaza. Eli yeza livunyiwe kumhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu osasazeke (owasasazeka) kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Nangona lingenakuwunyanga ngokupheleleyo umhlaza, izifundo zifumanise ukuba i-Avastin, xa inikwa i-chemotherapy, inokwandisa ixesha lokusinda kwezigulane malunga neenyanga ezi-5 .
I-`Fruquintinib (Fruzaqla)`, `ramucirumab (Cyramza)`, kunye `ziv-aflibercept (Zaltrap)` ngamanye amachiza amatsha akwajolisa ku-`VEGF`.
Inikwa njani i-Avastin? Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga?
I-Avastin yinaliti efakwa ngemithambo yegazi (IV). Idla ngokunikezelwa rhoqo emva kweeveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu kunye ne-chemotherapy.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zale mithi.
| Uhlobo lwesiphumo esibi | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo |
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| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu |
|
Amayeza achaphazela ngqo ukukhula kweeseli zomhlaza
I-Cetuximab (Erbitux) kunye ne-panitumumab (Vectibix) zezinye iintlobo ezimbini zee-antibodies ze-monoclonal. Ezi zisebenza ngokwahlukileyo. Zijolise kwiproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kumphezulu weeseli zomhlaza.
Cinga ngale 'EGFR' njengeswitshi ethi 'On' exelela iseli yomhlaza ukuba 'yahlukane ngokukhawuleza ize ikhule ngakumbi.' Oko kwenziwa ngamayeza athi 'Erbitux' kunye nethi 'Vectibix' kukuhlala kule switshi ize 'iyithintele'. Emva koko, isignali yendalo exelela iseli ukuba ikhule ayinakuyivula iswitshi. Ngale ndlela, ukukhula kweeseli zomhlaza kulawulwa.
Ngubani onikwa eli yeza?
Zombini i-Erbitux kunye neVectibix zivunyiwe ukunyanga umhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu osasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba.
Isitofu sokugonya i-Erbitux sinikwa kube kanye ngeveki, nokuba sesodwa okanye ngeyeza le-chemotherapy i-irinotecan (Camptosar). Isitofu sokugonya i-Vectibix sinikwa rhoqo emva kweeveki ezimbini kunye nezinye iziyobisi ze-chemotherapy.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ngaphambi kokuba unike eli yeza, kwenziwe uvavanyo olukhethekileyo lokuguqulwa kwemfuza kwiiseli zakho zomhlaza ukuze kubonwe ukuba eli yeza liza kusebenza na kuloo mhlaza. Ezi azifanelekanga kuzo zonke iintlobo zomhlaza. Ngoko ke, olu vavanyo ngokuqinisekileyo lwenziwe.
Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-Erbitux kunye neVectibix?
La mayeza aneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezithile.
| Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo zecala le-Erbitux kunye neVectibix | |
|---|---|
| Iingxaki zolusu | Amadyungudyungu afana namaqhakuva, amaqhakuva elukhumbeni, kunye nolusu olomileyo. Kodwa into engaqhelekanga kukuba, ngamanye amaxesha ezi mpendulo zolusu zithetha ukuba iyeza lisebenza kakuhle ekulweni nomhlaza. |
| Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga |
|
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ii-Antibodies zeMonoclonal ziyindlela yonyango ephucukileyo ejolise kwaye ihlasele iiseli zomhlaza. Zahlukile kunyango oluqhelekileyo lwe-chemotherapy.
- Amanye amayeza ayayithintela indlela igazi elihamba ngayo kumhlaza, ngelixa amanye ethintela inkqubo yokubonisana eqhuba ukukhula kweeseli zomhlaza.
- Zonke ezi mithi zineziphumo zazo ezingalindelekanga. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngazo ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango.
- Olu nyango alufanelekanga kuye wonke umntu. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele wena ngokusekwe kuhlobo lomhlaza onalo, ukuba usasazeke kangakanani, kunye neziphumo zovavanyo olukhethekileyo lwemfuza.
- Ukuba wena okanye umntu osapho lwakho unomhlaza, musani ukoyika. Thetha nogqirha wakho we-oncologist malunga nazo zonke iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo, izinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga, kwaye ube nesibindi sokujongana nonyango.
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