Ngaba wakha waphawula iqhuma elincinci entanyeni okanye ekhwapheni lakho? Uninzi lwexesha, ezi ziqhelekile, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba luphawu lwesifo esifana ne-lymphoma. Namhlanje sithetha ngolunye uhlobo lomhlaza, i-Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. Musa ukoyika xa usiva eli gama. Masiqonde yonke into ngale nto ngokulula nangokucacileyo.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL)?
I-Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) liqela lee-cancer zegazi ezikhula kwinkqubo yethu ye-lymphatic . Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba yintoni inkqubo ye-lymphatic. Yinxalenye enkulu yenkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba. Njengomkhosi wokhuselo welizwe lethu, le nkqubo isikhusela ngokulwa neentsholongwane ezibangela izifo.
Kukho iiseli ezikhethekileyo ezifana namajoni kule nkqubo ye-lymphatic. Sizibiza ngokuba zii-lymphocytes . Ezi luhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Xa kukho utshintsho kwiijini zezi seli ze-lymphocyte, oko kukuthi, utshintsho, ezo seli ziqala ukwahlukana kwaye zande ngokungalawulekiyo. Lo ngumhlaza okhula ngale ndlela, siwubiza ngokuba yi-non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Ezi seli zingaqhelekanga zihlala ziqokelelana kwii-lymph nodes zethu kwaye zenze ii-tumor . Zinokusasazeka nakwamanye amalungu akwinkqubo ye-lymphatic, njenge-spleen yethu.
Kodwa khumbula oku: Ngonyango oluphambili lwanamhlanje, abantu abane-non-Hodgkin lymphoma baphila ixesha elide kunangaphambili. Ngamanye amaxesha unyango lunokunyanga ngokupheleleyo esi sifo. Ngamanye amaxesha, injongo yonyango kukugcina isifo siphilile ixesha elide kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ngaphandle kweempawu.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo zezi NHL?
Ewe, kukho iintlobo eziphambili ezingaphezu kwama-70 zesi sifo, kodwa zahlulwe ngokubanzi ngokohlobo lweseli ye-lymphocyte echaphazelekayo.
- I-B-cell lymphoma: Ezi zivela kuhlobo lwe-lymphocyte ebizwa ngokuba zii-B cells. Ezi B cells zezona zenza ii-antibodies zokulwa neentsholongwane xa zingena emizimbeni yethu. Malunga nama-85% ezigulane ze-NHL zikolu didi.
- I-T-cell lymphoma: Ezi zivela kuhlobo lwe-lymphocyte ebizwa ngokuba zii-T cells. Ezi T cells zilwa neentsholongwane ngokuthe ngqo kwaye zikwanceda ii-B cells.
Ukongeza, oogqirha bahlula ezi ntlobo ze-lymphoma ngokwendlela ezisasazeka ngayo ngokukhawuleza.
- Ubukhali: Olu hlobo lunokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza emzimbeni wonke, ngoko ke lufuna unyango oluqatha.
- Ukudinwa: Olu hlobo lusasazeka kancinci kakhulu . Ngamanye amaxesha, unyango alufuneki kwasekuqaleni.
Zithini iimpawu zesi sifo?
Uphawu oluqhelekileyo lwesi sifo kukudumba okungenabuhlungu okanye iqhubu entanyeni, emakhwapheni, okanye emqolo. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba zii-lymph nodes ezivuvukileyo. Kodwa khumbula, umhlaza awungowona kuphela unobangela wokudumba kwee-lymph nodes. Oku kunokwenzeka nokuba umkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane.
Ngaphandle koko, iimpawu zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni iiseli zomhlaza zikuphi. Makhe sijonge oko kwitheyibhile engasezantsi.
| Udidi lweempawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Iimpawu ngokubanzi |
|
| Iimpawu ezinxulumene nesifuba | |
| Iimpawu ezinxulumene nesisu |
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ezi mpawu zinokubonakala nakwezinye izifo ezininzi. Ngoko ke ungoyiki ukucinga ukuba une-lymphoma kuba nje unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi. Kodwa ukuba ezi mpawu ziyaqhubeka kangangeeveki ezininzi, ngokuqinisekileyo licebo elihle ukubona ugqirha uze uhlolwe.
Zithini iimpawu ze-B?
Xa befumanisa i-lymphoma, oogqirha bakhangela iimpawu ezintathu ezithile ezibizwa ngokuba yi-"B symptoms." Ezi zezi:
1. Umkhuhlane ongenasizathu
2. Ukubila kakhulu ebusuku
3. Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu
Ukuba ezi mpawu zikhona okanye azikho, kunokunceda ekuchongeni uhlobo lwe-lymphoma onayo kunye nokuchonga unyango olufanelekileyo.
Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wokufumana esi sifo?
Unobangela ochanekileyo we-non-Hodgkin lymphoma awukafunyanwa. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezininzi eziye zachongwa ezonyusa amathuba, okanye umngcipheko, wokuba nesi sifo.
| Into enobungozi | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ubudala | Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-60 ubudala basengozini enkulu. Umngcipheko uyanda njengoko ukhula. |
| Inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka | Ubuthathaka bomzimba ngenxa yeemeko ezifana nosulelo lwe-HIV . Abantu abathatha amayeza okunciphisa amasosha omzimba emva kokufakelwa amalungu omzimba nabo basengozini enkulu. |
| Izifo ezizikhusela ngokwazo emzimbeni | Abantu abanezifo ezifana ne-rheumatoid arthritis kunye ne-psoriasis banokuba semngciphekweni ongaphezulu kancinci. |
| Iintsholongwane ezithile | Iintsholongwane ezifana ne-H. pylori, i-Epstein-Barr virus, kunye ne-Hepatitis C zinokunyusa umngcipheko we-NHL. |
| Imbali yosapho | Ukuba abazali bakho, abantakwenu, okanye abantwana bakho baye baba ne-lymphoma okanye omnye umhlaza wegazi, nawe usemngciphekweni omkhulu kancinci. |
| Ukuchatshazelwa zizibulali-zinambuzane | Olunye uphando lubonise ukuba abantu abachaphazeleka kakhulu zizibulali-zinambuzane kunye nemithi yokubulala ukhula banokuba semngciphekweni ongaphezulu kancinci. |
Ungasixilonga njani esi sifo? (Ukuxilongwa)
Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kulandela amanyathelo ambalwa ukuze afumanise isifo ngokuchanekileyo.
- Uvavanyo lomzimba: Okokuqala, ugqirha uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho aze ahlole umzimba wakho ukuze abone iimpawu ezifana nokudumba kwee-lymph nodes.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Uvavanyo olufana nokubalwa kwegazi okupheleleyo (i-CBC) lunika umbono wempilo yakho iyonke.
- Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso: Uvavanyo olufana ne -CT scans, i-MRI scans, kunye ne-PET scans lunokukhangela iiseli zomhlaza emzimbeni.
- I-Biopsy: Le yindlela ekuphela kwayo yokuqinisekisa isifo i-100% yexesha. Oku kuquka ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lesicwili kwi-lymph node okanye kwindawo evuvukileyo uze ulihlolisise phantsi kwe-microscope. Le yindlela ekuphela kwayo yokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba iiseli ze-lymphoma zikhona okanye azikho.
- Uvavanyo lwe-Immunophenotyping: Olu luvavanyo olukhethekileyo oluhlola iiseli ezithathwe kwi-biopsy ukunceda ekuchongeni ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwe-NHL.
Amanqanaba esi sifo
Emva kovavanyo, ugqirha uza kugqiba inqanaba lesifo sakho. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ekucwangciseni unyango.
| Iqonga | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Inqanaba loku-1 | Iiseli zomhlaza zikwindawo enye ye-lymph node okanye kwilungu elinye kwinkqubo ye-lymphatic. |
| Isigaba II | Kukho iiseli zomhlaza kwiindawo ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ze-lymph node kwicala elinye (ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi) le-diaphragm. |
| Inqanaba lesi-3 | Kukho iiseli zomhlaza kwii-lymph nodes kumacala omabini (ngasentla nangaphantsi) kwe-diaphragm. |
| Inqanaba lesi-4 | Umhlaza usasazeke ngaphandle kwenkqubo ye-lymphatic ukuya kwelinye okanye amalungu amaninzi, njengesibindi okanye imiphunga. |
Zithini iindlela zonyango?
Unyango oludingayo luxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka uhlobo lwe-NHL onayo, inqanaba lesi sifo, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.
- Ukuhlolwa okusebenzayo: Ukuba unesimo sokudinwa kwaye awunazo iimpawu, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni ajonge inkqubela yakho ngaphandle konyango. Apha, ujongwa rhoqo kwaye unyango luqalwa kuphela ukuba iimpawu ziyavela.
- Unyango lweKhemotherapy: Le yindlela yonyango esetyenziswa kakhulu. Ibandakanya ukunika umzimba amayeza abulala iiseli zomhlaza.
- Unyango olujoliswe kulo: La mayeza ajolise kwaye ahlasele ubuthathaka obuthile kwiiseli zomhlaza. Unyango lwe-monoclonal antibody lolunye lolo nyango.
- Unyango lwe-Immunotherapy: Oku kuquka ukuvuselela amasosha omzimba wakho ukuze atshabalalise iiseli zomhlaza. Unyango lwe-CAR T-cell lolunye lonyango oluphambili.
- Unyango ngemitha: Oku kubandakanya ukusebenzisa imitha enamandla aphezulu (umz. ii-X-ray) ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza.
- Ukufakelwa kweeseli zesiqu: Oku kudla ngokwenziwa ukuba ezinye iindlela zonyango azisebenzanga. Oku kuquka ukunika i-chemotherapy enomthamo ophezulu ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza, emva koko ufake iiseli zesiqu eziphilileyo emzimbeni.
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nemiphumo enokubakho. Uninzi lwemiphumo emibi luhlala ixesha elifutshane kwaye luyaphela xa unyango lugqityiwe.
Indlela yokuphila nesi sifo?
Xa uhlala ne-NHL, zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukuze uzinyamekele.
- Yitya ukutya okunesondlo. Ukutya kukunika amandla. Ukutya kakuhle kunokunceda ukugcina amandla omzimba wakho.
- Phumla kangangoko unako. Unyango lunokukwenza uzive udiniwe. Ukuphumla kunceda umzimba wakho uphinde ufumane amandla awo.
- Lawula uxinzelelo.Ukuphila nomhlaza akulula. Thetha nogqirha wakho, usapho, okanye umhlobo othembekileyo malunga noloyiko lwakho kunye namathandabuzo.
- Ukuzilolonga. Cela ugqirha wakho ukuba akunike umthambo olula ofanelekileyo kuwe.
- Funda ngokhathalelo lokudambisa iintlungu. Oku kuphathelele ukunceda ukwenza ubomi bube lula ngokunciphisa iintlungu, ukungonwabi, kunye noxinzelelo lomguli, nokuba inqanaba lesifo lithini.
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?
Ukuba unyangwa kwaye iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu okanye kuvela iimpawu ezintsha , yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Nje ukuba unyango lugqityiwe, qiniseka ukuba uyaya kwiindibano zakho ezicwangcisiweyo zekliniki.
Ufanele uye nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU)?
Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu eziqatha, umzekelo, ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla okanye ukopha kakhulu, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Musa ukungawahoyi amaqhuma angenabuhlungu entanyeni, emakhwapheni, okanye emqolo. Yiya kugqirha kuba anokuba luphawu lwe-lymphoma.
- I-Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) ayisosifo esinye, kodwa liqela lee-cancer ezineentlobo ezininzi. Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo onalo.
- Iindlela zonyango eziphambili zanamhlanje (ezifana ne-chemotherapy kunye ne-immunotherapy) zinokulawula esi sifo kakhulu kwaye zinyange ezinye iintlobo ngokupheleleyo.
- Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo, uloyiko, okanye amathandabuzo onawo ngesi sifo. Musa ukubandezeleka wedwa.
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