Ngaba unekhohlela elomileyo elihlala liqhubeka kangangeentsuku, mhlawumbi iiveki? Ngaba ukufumanisa kunzima ukuphefumla, nokuba uhamba umgama omfutshane, usenza imisebenzi yasekhaya, okanye unyuka izinyuko? Uninzi lwexesha, sizithatha ezi zinto ngokuthi "ngumkhuhlane nje." Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, emva kwezi mpawu, kunokubakho imeko yemiphunga esingazivanga kangako ngayo, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka sikhathazeke ngayo. Namhlanje, sithetha ngesifo esinye esinjalo, i-NSIP, okanye i-Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-NSIP (Nonspecific Interstitial Pneumonia)?
Nangona eli gama lisenokubonakala liyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, masiligcine lilula. I-NSIP ikwakukuvuvukala kwemiphunga. Kodwa yahlukile kancinci kwi-pneumonia eqhelekileyo esihlala siyiva.
Cinga ngemiphunga yakho njengesitho esenziwe zizigidi zeengxowa zomoya ezincinci ezifana neediliya (i-alveoli). Xa siphefumla, ioksijini ingena emiphungeni ize ingene egazini ngezi alveoli. Kwi-NSIP, ukudumba akwenzeki kwi-alveoli ngokwayo, kodwa kwiindawo eziphakathi kwazo kunye nezicubu ezijikeleze imithambo yegazi . Oku sikubiza ngokwezonyango ngokuthi "isifo semiphunga esingaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi".
Le meko idla ngokubonakala kubantu abanesifo se-connective tissue (CTD). Inokunxulunyaniswa nezinye iimeko zonyango. Ngokungafaniyo ne-pneumonia elula, edla ngokuphela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, inokuhlala ixesha elide kwaye ngamanye amaxesha inokubangela amanxeba angapheliyo emiphungeni.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-NSIPs.
Oogqirha bahlula i-NSIP ibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lomonakalo owenzeka emiphungeni. Kubalulekile ukuba uzazi ezi ntlobo zimbini, kuba unyango kunye noqikelelo lwesifo kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwaso.
| Uhlobo lwe-NSIP | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-NSIP yeselula | Okwenzekayo koku kukuba iiseli eziphakathi kweengxowa zomoya esizikhankanyileyo ngaphambili ziyavuvukala. Oko kuthetha ukuba ezo seli ziyavuvukala. Olu luhlobo olungcono kancinci kuneentlobo ezimbini ze-NSIP, kwaye lusabela kakuhle kunyango.Inganyangeka ngokupheleleyo ngonyango olufanelekileyo. |
| I-NSIP yeFibrotic | Kule meko, izicubu zemiphunga ziba nkulu, ziqine, kwaye zibe namanxeba. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi -fibrosis . Le yimeko enzima , kuba amanxeba akhoyo awanakujikwa. Nangona kunjalo, ngonyango, izinga lokwenzeka kwala manxeba linokulawulwa. |
Ingaba oku kwahlukile kwi-pneumonia eqhelekileyo?
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda lo mahluko.
- Isifo semiphunga: Oku kukuvuvukala kweengxowa zomoya (iingxowa ezimile okwediliya) emiphungeni . Zinokuzaliswa bubomvu okanye ulwelo. Oku kudla ngokubangelwa lusulelo lwebhaktiriya okanye lwentsholongwane.
- I-Interstitial pneumonia (njenge-NSIP): Kule meko, ukudumba kwenzeka kwiindawo eziphakathi kweengxowa zomoya. Oku kuthetha ukuba ulwakhiwo kunye nolwakhiwo lwemiphunga lonakele. Rhoqo, unobangela othile we-NSIP awufumaneki.
Enye into kukuba, `I-Usual Interstitial Pneumonia (UIP)` lelinye igama elisetyenziselwa esi sifo `Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF).` I-IPF sisifo esingenakuphikiswa, esinzulu esibangela amanxeba emiphungeni. Nangona kunjalo, i-NSIP, ingakumbi i-Cellular NSIP, inokuhlala inyangwa ngonyango. Ngoko ke, musa ukubhidanisa ezi zinto zimbini.
Zithini iimpawu ze-NSIP?
Iimpawu ze-NSIP zisenokungabonakali kangako ekuqaleni kwaye zinokuba mandundu kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kubalulekile ukuba uzazi ezi mpawu.
- Ukukhwehlela okomileyo: Olu lolona phawu luphambili noluqhelekileyo. Ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo nokucaphukisayo okungenamthungo.
- Ukuphefumla kancinci: Ekuqaleni, kunokuvakala xa usenza umthambo okanye uhamba ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko isifo siqhubeka, kunokuba nzima ukuphefumla nangona umi nje ungashukumi.
- Ukuphefumla okunzima: Ukuziva ngathi kufuneka wenze umgudu omkhulu ukuze uphefumle.
- Ukudinwa: Ukudinwa nokudinwa nokuba ungenzanga msebenzi.
- Iminwe eneeklabhu: Oku akuqhelekanga, kodwa abanye abantu banokuba neminwe engqukuva kunye nokudumba okujikeleze iinzipho.
Ukuba unezi mpawu, ingakumbi ukukhwehlela okomileyo kunye nokuphefumla kancinci, kangangeeveki ezininzi okanye ukuba ziya zisiba mandundu, nceda ungazityesheli uze ubone ugqirha.
Yintoni ebangela i-NSIP? Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?
Inyaniso kukuba, iingcali azikayazi kakuhle into ebangela i-NSIP. Kodwa xa ujonga abantu abanale sifo, bafumanisa ukuba banezinye izifo. Oko kuthetha ukuba nangona kungeyonyani ukuba ezi meko zibangela i-NSIP, kukho unxibelelwano oluqinileyo phakathi kwazo.
Ezi zinto zilandelayo zonyusa umngcipheko wokufumana i-NSIP.
| Into enobungozi | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Isini kunye nobudala | Esi sifo sixhaphake kakhulu kubafazi abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-40 ukuya kwengama-50 ubudala . |
| Iingxaki zeTishu eziXhakamshelweyo | Le yeyona nto iphambili edibanisa i-NSIP. Ezi ziingxaki zokuzikhusela komzimba apho inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ihlasela izicubu zayo. Imizekelo ibandakanya iRheumatoid Arthritis , iLupus , kunye neScleroderma (isifo esenza ulusu lube lukhuni). |
| Usulelo lwentsholongwane | Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane nazo zingabandakanyeka. Imizekelo: i-HIV kunye ne-Hepatitis . |
| Iimpendulo kwamanye amayeza | Amanye amayeza anokubangela umonakalo emaphaphu njengesiphumo esingesihle. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"drug-induced interstitial pneumonia". Imizekelo ibandakanya i-chemotherapy yomhlaza, unyango lwe-radiation, kunye namanye amayeza esifo sentliziyo. |
Ugqirha uxilonga njani esi sifo?
Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kuqala akuphulaphule ngononophelo iimpawu zakho. Kufuneka uxelele ugqirha ngazo naziphi na ezinye iimeko zempilo onazo kunye namayeza owasebenzisayo. Emva koko, uza kuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze kufunyaniswe isifo.
- Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wemiphunga: Oku kuquka ukuphefumlela umatshini, olinganisa ukuba imiphunga yakho inokungenisa umoya ongakanani na kwaye ungawukhupha ngokukhawuleza kangakanani.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Oku kunceda ekufumaneni ukuqonda okusisiseko kokuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki emiphungeni.
- I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography scan): Oku kunokuvelisa imifanekiso ecacileyo kakhulu, enobukhulu obuthathu kune-X-ray. I-CT scan ibalulekile ukuze kuhlolwe ngokuchanekileyo ubungakanani bomonakalo wemiphunga kunye nohlobo lwayo (lweseli okanye lwe-fibrotic).
- I-Bronchoscopy: Ityhubhu encinci ekhanyisiweyo enekhamera idluliselwa emlonyeni okanye empumlweni iye emiphungeni ukuze kuhlolwe ingaphakathi leendlela zomoya. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, isampuli yeeseli ingathathwa ukuze ivavanywe.
- I-Biopsy: Olu lolona vavanyo lubalaseleyo lokuqinisekisa isifo nge-100%. Kule meko, iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesicubu lisuswa ngotyando emphungeni lize lihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-NSIP?
Oogqirha baneenjongo ezimbini eziphambili xa benyanga i-NSIP: Enye kukunciphisa ukudumba emiphungeni. Enye kukulawula naziphi na iimeko zempilo ezingabonakaliyo (ezifana nesifo samathambo) ezinokubangela i-NSIP.
Kwiimeko ezinzima, ezinye iindlela zonyango zisetyenziselwa ukuqinisa imiphunga nokubonelela umzimba ngomlinganiselo ofunekayo weoksijini.
- Amayeza:
- Ii-corticosteroids ezifana nePrednisolone: La ngamayeza anjenge-steroid anciphisa ukudumba ngokukhawuleza.
- Amayeza okuthintela amasosha omzimba: Amayeza afana ne-`Azathioprine`, `Cyclophosphamide`, kunye ne-`Mycophenolate` asebenza ngokulawula ukusebenza kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela komzimba kunye nokuwuthintela ekonakaliseni imiphunga yawo.
- Amayeza okulwa ne-fibrotic: Amayeza afana ne-'Pirfenidone' kunye ne-'Nintedanib' asetyenziswa kubantu abane-Fibrotic NSIP. La mayeza anciphisa izinga lokuqhekeka kwemiphunga.
- I-Rituximab: Eli liyeza "le-biologic" elisetyenziselwa izifo zezicubu ezidityanisiweyo.
- Ezinye iindlela zonyango:
- Ukuvuselelwa kweMiphunga: Le yinkqubo ekhethekileyo yokuzilolonga kunye neengcebiso enceda ukulawula ubunzima bokuphefumla kunye nokuqinisa umzimba.
- Unyango lweoksijini: Ioksijini inikwa ngetyhubhu kwabo banezinga eliphantsi leoksijini egazini.
- Ukufakelwa imiphunga: Olu lolona khetho lokugqibela oluqwalaselwayo kwabo banesifo esibi kakhulu abaye basilela kuzo zonke ezinye iindlela zonyango.
Buza kuba njani ubomi ngesi sifo?
Impendulo yalo mbuzo ixhomekeke ngqo kuhlobo lwe-NSIP onayo.
Ithemba lomntu one- cellular NSIP lihle kakhulu . Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, kunokwenzeka ukuba aphile ngokupheleleyo. Izinga lokusinda iminyaka emihlanu liphantse libe yi-100%. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka uthathe amayeza phantsi kweliso likagqirha kangangeenyanga eziliqela.
Kwi -fibrotic NSIP , umonakalo owenzeka emaphaphu awunakuguqulwa . Amanxeba ahlala ehleli. Ngoko ke oku kunzulu kancinci. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Unyango lunokucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo kwaye luqhubeke ixesha elide. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba abantu banokuphila iminyaka emi-6 ukuya kweli-14 emva kokufunyaniswa ukuba bane-HIV.
Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha?
Ukuba ufunyaniswe une-NSIP, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba nemibuzo emininzi engqondweni yakho. Xa usiya kugqirha wakho, ungalibali ukubuza le mibuzo.
- Ngaba kukho isizathu esithile sokuba ndibe nale meko?
- Loluphi uhlobo endinalo, iCellular okanye iFibrotic?
- Zeziphi iindlela zonyango ezilungele mna?
- Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwezi ndlela zonyango?
- Angakanani amathuba okuba esi sifo siza kuba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha?
- Ngaba ndingayicothisa isantya somonakalo ongaphezulu emiphungeni?
- Zeziphi izinto ekufuneka ndizilumkele ngakumbi kubomi bam bemihla ngemihla nokutya nokusela?
- Ndifanele ndiphinde ndimbone ugqirha kwakhona?
Ukubuza imibuzo efana nale nokuqonda kakuhle imeko yakho kuya kukunceda kakhulu ukuxhasa unyango lwakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-NSIP ayisiyo pneumonia eqhelekileyo nje kuphela. Yimeko echaphazela izicubu eziphakathi kweengxowa zomoya zemiphunga.
- Ukukhohlela okomileyo okungapheliyo kunye nokuphefumla kancinci ngexesha lokuzilolonga zezona mpawu ziphambili. Musa ukuzityeshela ezi.
- Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-NSIP: i-Cellular (enyangekayo) kunye ne-Fibrotic (enzulu, kodwa elawulekayo).
- Ukuba unesifo sezicubu ezidityanisiweyo (umz. isifo samathambo), qaphela ngakumbi iimpawu ezinxulumene nemiphunga yakho.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha ofanelekileyo ngokukhawuleza ukuze ufumane ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nonyango. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha ngokuchanekileyo.
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