Ngaba wakha waphawula ukuba amehlo omntwana wakho aqhelile kancinci kunesiqhelo? Okanye ngaba ugqirha ukuxelele ngayo? Ngokwezonyango, le meko siyibiza ngokuba yi-Orbital Hypertelorism . Ngamanye amaxesha ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-Ocular Hypertelorism. Nangona la mazwi enokoyikisa, oku akuyonto imbi njengoko sicinga. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-Orbital Hypertelorism?
Ngamafutshane, i-Orbital Hypertelorism ayisosifo esahlukileyo. Ihlala ivela njengophawu lwesinye isiphene sokuzalwa okanye isifo semfuza.
Khawucinge nje, xa umntwana esesibelekweni, amathambo obuso bakhe ayaqala ukubonakala kancinci kancinci. Ngeli xesha, iziseko zamehlo ezimbini ezigcina amehlo akhe zibekwe kude kancinci kunesiqhelo. Ngenxa yoko, umsantsa phakathi kwamehlo ubonakala ngakumbi kunakumntwana oqhelekileyo. Esi sithuba sandileyo sizaliswa ngamathambo angaphezulu.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba uninzi lwabantwana abanamehlo aqhelene kangaka abayi kuba neengxaki zokubona. Ukuba umbono uyachaphazeleka na kuxhomekeke ekubeni amehlo aqhelene kangakanani kunye nezinye iimpawu umntwana anazo.
Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le nto kanye?
Ngokwesiqhelo, ugqirha uxilonga esi sifo kwangoko nje ukuba umntwana uzelwe. Ngamanye amaxesha, sinokubonwa ngexesha le-ultrasound scan ngelixa umntwana esesesibelekweni.
Akukho mgama umiselweyo phakathi kwamehlo, kodwa oogqirha basebenzisa iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokulinganisa oku.
| Indlela yokulinganisa | Icacisiwe ngokulula |
|---|---|
| Umgama weCanthal yangaphakathi | Umgama ukusuka kwikona yeliso elinye kufutshane nempumlo ukuya kwikona yeliso elinye kufutshane nempumlo. |
| Umgama we-Pupillary | Umgama ukusuka embindini weliso ukuya embindini weliso lelinye. |
Zombini ezi zilinganiso ziphezulu kunesiqhelo kubantwana abane-orbital hypertelorism.
Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu eziphambili?
Oogqirha bakholelwa ukuba isiseko sale meko sibekwa phakathi kweveki yesine neyesibhozo yokukhula komntwana. Cinga ngamathambo ekhakhayi lomntwana njengeziqwenga zephazili enobukhulu obuthathu (3D) ezidibanayo. Ukuba kukho naluphi na ukuphazamiseka okanye utshintsho kumanyathelo abandakanyekayo ekuhlanganiseni ezi ziqwenga, amasoko amabini eliso anokungalungelelani kakuhle aze ahlukane kakhulu.
Izizathu ezibini eziphambili zoku zezi:
1. Iziphene zokuzalwa
2. Izifo zemfuza
1. Iimeko zokuzalwa
Isiphene sokuzalwa kukungaqheleki kwinkangeleko, amalungu angaphakathi, okanye iinkqubo zeekhemikhali zomzimba womntwana ekuzalweni kwakhe. Ezi zinokubangelwa zezi zinto zilandelayo:
- Izinto ezibangela ufuzo kunye nelifa.
- Ezinye izifo ezifunyanwa ngumama ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
- Ukuvezwa kwimitha yelanga.
- Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi okanye utywala ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
Ngamanye amaxesha iziphene zokuzalwa zinokwenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo, nokuba zingalindelekanga. I-Craniosynostosis yenye yezi ziphene zokuzalwa. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba imithungo edibanisa amathambo ekhakhayi lomntwana iyadibana. Oku kunokubangela ne-Orbital Hypertelorism.
2. Izifo zemfuza
Iijini ziiyunithi ezincinci ze-DNA ezinika imiyalelo kwiiseli emizimbeni yethu. Utshintsho kwezi jini lunokubangela izifo zejini. Ezinye zezifo zejini ezinokubangela i-orbital hypertelorism zezi:
- Isifo se-Apert
- Isifo sikaDiGeorge
- isifo sikaEdwards
- Isifo sikaCrouzon
- Isifo sikaNoonan
- Uhlobo lwe-Neurofibromatosis 1
Ukuba umntwana wakho unale meko, ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kwingcebiso yemfuza, enokukunceda uqonde ngakumbi ngengozi yezifo zemfuza kusapho lwakho.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Abantwana abanale meko banokubuyiswa amehlo abo ngotyando. Oku kubizwa ngokuba lutyando lokwakha kwakhona . Olu tyando ludla ngokwenziwa xa umntwana ephakathi kweminyaka emi-5 ne-7 ubudala. Olu tyando lunika umntwana inkangeleko eqhelekileyo kwaye lunciphisa umgama phakathi kwamehlo.
Umntwana wakho uya kufuna ukuvavanywa amehlo rhoqo ngaphambi nasemva kotyando ukuze kujongwe utshintsho emehlweni nasembonweni.
Oogqirha basebenzisa iindlela ezimbini zotyando kakhulu kule nto.
| Uhlobo lotyando | Kwenzekani? |
|---|---|
| Ibhokisi ye-Osteotomy | Apha, ugqirha otyandayo ususa amathambo nolusu olungaphezulu kwempumlo aze atshintshe iziseko zamehlo ukuze zingene kuloo ndawo. Khawuthelekelele usika icandelo elimile okwesikwere ecaleni kwamashiya nangaphezulu kwempumlo, uze uzise iziseko zamehlo kuloo ndawo. |
| Ukwahlulwahlulwa kobuso | Olu lutyando oluntsonkothileyo kancinci. Lwenziwa kubantwana abane-orbital hypertelorism kunye nezinye iingxaki zamathambo obuso (umz., umhlathi, amathambo esihlathi). Lubandakanya ukuphinda kulungiswe iziseko zamehlo, impumlo, kunye namathambo esihlathi ukuze kuhlanganiswe amehlo, ngelixa kulungiswa iingxaki zomhlathi namazinyo. |
Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka emva kotyando
Njengakwezinye iintlobo zotyando, kukho iingozi ezincinci kakhulu. Ezi ziquka:
- Ukopha
- Iintsholongwane
- Amanxeba
- Ijwabu eligobileyo ( i-Ptosis )
- I-Diplopia (ukubona kabini)
- Ukulahlekelwa ngumbono okanye ubumfama (oku kunqabile kakhulu)
Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ezi ngozi ngokweenkcukacha.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho emehlweni okanye ekuboneni komntwana wakho, bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Kwakhona, ukuba umntwana wakho ubonakalisa naziphi na iimpawu ezilandelayo, yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko.
- Ukulahlekelwa okanye ukuncipha kombono ngequbuliso.
- Intlungu ebuhlungu emehlweni.
- Ukubona ukukhanya okutsha okanye ukudada phambi kwamehlo.
Khumbula, ukuba nje umntwana uzalwa ene-Orbital Hypertelorism akuthethi ukuba akayi kukhula esempilweni kwaye ephilile njengabanye abantwana. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko ebangela oko, umntwana wakho usenokufuna unyango okwethutyana. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Orbital Hypertelorism ayisosifo esahlukileyo. Luphawu lwesinye isiphene sokuzalwa okanye imeko yemfuza.
- Abantwana abaninzi abanale meko abanazo iingxaki zokubona.
- Xa umntwana eneminyaka eyi-5-7 ubudala, utyando lunokwenziwa ukuze amehlo abuyele kwindawo yawo eqhelekileyo.
- Ukuba umntwana wakho unale meko, ungoyiki ukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho uze ufumane iingcebiso nonyango olufunekayo.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha ngexesha kwaye uhlolwe amehlo.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyongezelelweyo (Ii-FAQ)
💬 Luhlobo luni lwemeko i-Orbital Hypertelorism?
Olu asilotshintsho oluqhelekileyo kwinkangeleko! 'I-Orbital Hypertelorism' sisiphene semfuza/sokuzalwa esenzeka xa ukhakhayi losana kunye namathambo ajikeleze amehlo (ii-orbits) ekhula esibelekweni, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umgama phakathi kwamehlo ube mkhulu ngendlela engaqhelekanga/ude kakhulu. Esi asisosifo samehlo, kodwa yingxaki yamathambo obuso!
💬 Zeziphi izizathu eziphambili zokuba amehlo omntwana abe kude kakhulu (i-Orbital Hypertelorism)?
Esi asisosifo esiqhele ukwenzeka sodwa, kodwa luphawu oluphambili lwe-'Genetic Syndromes' eyingozi kakhulu! Kwizifo ezinzima ezifana ne-'Apert Syndrome', 'Crouzon Syndrome' kunye ne-'DiGeorge Syndrome', la mathambo ayatyhalwa ngenxa yeengxaki kwikhaka. Ngamanye amaxesha, ithumba elikhula ebusweni ngelixa lisesibelekweni (encephalocele) linokubangela ukuba amehlo atyhalwe.
💬 Ziziphi ezinye iimpawu eziyingozi ezifunyanwa ngabantwana abanamehlo angaqhelekanga kwaye loluphi utyando olunokwenziwa ukuze kunyangwe oku?
Amaxesha amaninzi, aba bantwana baneengxaki zokubona, ukukhubazeka kwengqondo, iziphene zentliziyo, kunye nezifo ezibulalayo ezifana ne-cleft palate. Ukuze banyange oku, xa umntwana eneminyaka emi-5-8 ubudala, kufuneka benze utyando olunzima nolunzima (Craniofacial reconstruction / Facial Bipartition) apho ukhakhayi lunqunyulwa khona, ingqondo igcinwe, iso linqunyulwe lize lisondezwe, kwaye ubuso buphinde bakhiwe.
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