Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva iintlungu, ukurhawuzelelwa, okanye ukuziva nje ungenamsebenzi emilenzeni yakho xa uhamba? Ngaba imilenze yakho iqala ukuqaqamba emva kokuhamba umgama omfutshane, kwaye intlungu iyaphela emva kokuba ume okwethutyana? Esinye sezizathu eziphambili zoku kukuba imithambo ethwala igazi emilenzeni yakho ivalekile ngamafutha. Le meko siyibiza ngokuba yiPeripheral Artery Disease, okanye i-PAD ngamafutshane. Ngoko ke namhlanje sithetha ngendlela yonyango ekhethekileyo nephucukileyo kakhulu ecoca le mithambo ivalekileyo kwaye ibuyisele ukuhamba kwegazi. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-Atherectomy.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Atherectomy?
Kanye njengokuba umbhobho wamanzi endlwini yethu uvaleka luthuli nomhlwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, izinto ezinamafutha ezifana ne-cholesterol nazo zinokuqokelelana kwimithambo yegazi yomzimba wethu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Sibiza olu maleko wamafutha oqokelelana 'i-plaque' . Olu maleko we-plaque uyaqina kancinci kancinci kwaye unciphise indawo ngaphakathi komthambo. Ukuchaneka, lunciphisa umthambo. Kwizonyango, siwubiza lo mkhwa ngokuthi yi-Atherosclerosis . Ngoko ke i-PAD yimeko ye-Atherosclerosis ebangela ukuba imithambo esemalungeni, ingakumbi emilenzeni, ivaleke.
I-atherectomy yinkqubo apho kufakwa ityhubhu encinci kakhulu (i-catheter) kumthambo ovalekileyo, kwaye, kusetyenziswa i-blade encinci okanye i-laser beam ekupheleni kwetyhubhu, i-plaque eqinileyo iyasikwa ize ikhuhlwe. Kufana nokucoca iqhekeza elincinci lodaka elifakwe ngaphakathi kwipayipi ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo.
Emva kokuba oku kwenziwe, ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi kuyasuswa, kwaye igazi linokugeleza ngokukhululekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, emva kokususa olu layer lunamafutha, oogqirha banokwenza i-angioplasty ukugcina imithambo yegazi ivulekile, nokuba kukufaka ibhaluni okanye i-stent .
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zonyango lwe-atherectomy?
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili zonyango lwe-atherectomy, kuxhomekeke kwisixhobo esisetyenzisiweyo ukususa olu layer lwe-plaque. Ugqirha wakho uza kukhetha indlela efanelekileyo kuwe ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezifana nohlobo lokuvaleka kwemithambo yakho yegazi kunye nohlobo lo layer ye-plaque.
| Igama lendlela yonyango (Uhlobo lwe-Atherectomy) | Ingaba isebenza kanjani |
|---|---|
| Utyando lwe-Excisional Atherectomy | Oku kuquka ukusika nokususa umaleko weplaque kwelinye icala ngesixhobo esineeblade ezincinci. |
| Ukususwa kweLaser kwi-Atherectomy | Njengoko igama lisitsho, oku kusebenzisa umqadi welaser onamandla aphezulu ukunyibilikisa, ukufutha, nokususa umaleko weplaque. |
| Utyando lwe-Orbital Atherectomy | Oku kufana nokususa umhlwa ngephepha lokusanti. Isixhobo esinencam yedayimani ejikeleza ngesantya esiphezulu sisetyenziselwa ukukhuhla nokucola umaleko weplaque. |
| I-Rotational Atherectomy | Kule meko, isixhobo esineebhleyidi ezincinci ezininzi ezijikeleza ngesantya esiphezulu sisetyenziselwa ukusika, ukutyumza, nokususa umaleko weplaque. |
Ndingenza ntoni ngaphambi kolu nyango?
Ngaphambi kokuba ugqirha wakho agqibe ekubeni enze olu nyango, uza kuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze abone ukuba imithambo yakho ivalekile kangakanani na kwaye iphi kanye kanye.
- I-Angiography: Oku kuquka ukufaka idayi ekhethekileyo kwimithambo yakho yegazi kunye nokuthatha imifanekiso ye-X-ray yegazi elihamba ngayo. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ubone ngokucacileyo naziphi na izithintelo.
- I-Vascular Ultrasound: Oku kufana nokuskena rhoqo. Kusebenzisa amaza esandi ukulinganisa isantya sokuhamba kwegazi kwimithambo yegazi kunye nokubona ukuvaleka.
Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zolu vavanyo, ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba ufanelekile na kwi-Atherectomy. Ugqirha uya kukunika imiyalelo ecacileyo yendlela yokulungiselela unyango.
- Ukutya Neziselo: Ungacelwa ukuba uyeke ukutya okanye ukusela kangangeeyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi konyango.
- Amayeza: Kubalulekile ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngamanye amayeza owasebenzisayo, ingakumbi amayeza okunciphisa igazi (i-anticoagulants) okanye i-aspirin. Usenokucelwa ukuba uyeke ukuwasebenzisa kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa.
Xa usiya esibhedlele ngomhla wonyango lwakho, uza kunikwa ilokhwe yesibhedlele kwaye kuza kufakwa ityhubhu encinci emthanjeni osengalweni yakho ukuze ikunike i-anesthesia. Ungakhathazeki, konke oku kwenzelwa ukuba ungaziva ungonwabanga okanye iintlungu.
Lusebenza njani unyango?
Kulungile, ngoku masibone ukuba olu nyango lwenziwa njani ngokwenene. Olu asilotyando olukhulu, ngoko ke alunakwenza umsi omkhulu emzimbeni wakho.
1. Okokuqala, uza kunikwa iyeza lokuthomalalisa iintlungu kunye neyeza lokuthomalalisa ukuze uzive unxilile kancinci. Ngoko awuyi kuva ntlungu, kodwa uya kuba sengqondweni.
2. Emva koko, ugqirha uza kwenza utyando oluncinci eluswini lwakho ukuze afake umbhobho omncinci (i-catheter) kwenye yemithambo yakho (ngesiqhelo emqolo okanye esihlahleni sakho).
3. Okulandelayo, ityhubhu ikhokelwa ngononophelo ngemithambo yegazi, phantsi kwesikhokelo se-X-ray, ize ithunyelwe kwindawo apho i-plaque iqokelelene khona kwaye ivalekile.
4. Ekugqibeleni, isixhobo esikhethekileyo (iblade, ilaser, okanye incam ejikelezayo) ekupheleni kwetyhubhu iyavulwa, umaleko weplaque uyasikwa, ukhuhlwe, kwaye iziqwenga zisuswe ngetyhubhu.
Oku kusenokufuneka kwenziwe izihlandlo ezininzi de igazi libuyele esiqhelweni. Le nkqubo idla ngokuthatha malunga neeyure ezimbini.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva konyango?
Emva kokuba unyango lugqityiwe ngempumelelo, kuya kufuneka ulale ebhedini iiyure ezimbalwa (ngesiqhelo iiyure ezi-4-6) ukuthintela ukopha kwindawo yokufaka i-catheter. Ngeli xesha, abahlengikazi baya kujonga rhoqo uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukubetha kwentliziyo, kunye nesantya sentliziyo yakho.
Uninzi lwexesha, oku kwenziwa njengenkqubo yokunyanga ngaphandle, oko kuthetha ukuba ungagoduka ngokuhlwa. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, kuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, kunokufuneka uhlale esibhedlele usuku olunye.
Ngokwesiqhelo ungabuyela kwimisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni ixesha lokuchacha lomntu wonke lahlukile, kungcono ubuze ugqirha wakho malunga nexesha elifanelekileyo lokuqalisa imisebenzi yakho.
Iingenelo kunye neengozi zonyango lwe-atherectomy
Njengakwezinye iinkqubo zonyango, i-atherectomy ineengenelo zayo kunye neengozi ezincinci kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukuzazi ezi zinto.
| Iingenelo | Iingozi/Iingxaki |
|---|---|
| Inika isiqabu ngokukhawuleza kwiimpawu ze-PAD (ezifana neentlungu zomlenze). | Xa usika i-plaque, iqhekeza elincinci layo linokwaphuka lize linamathele komnye umthambo omncinci ophambi kwakho. |
| Olu asilotyando olukhulu. Kuphela ngumngxuma omncinci owenzeka eluswini. (Ayingeni kakhulu) | Ngamanye amaxesha esi sixhobo singonakalisa umthambo wegazi, nto leyo ebangela umngxuma. |
| Unyango ludla ngokuthatha ixesha elifutshane, malunga neeyure ezimbini. | Ukopha okanye usulelo lunokwenzeka kwindawo efakwe kuyo ityhubhu. |
| Ungachacha ngokukhawuleza uze ubuyele kubomi obuqhelekileyo. | Kukho ithuba lokuba i-plaque ihlale kwakhona kwindawo enye. |
Kodwa kufuneka ukhumbule ukuba ezi ngozi azixhaphakanga. Oogqirha abanamava banobuchule kakhulu ekuthinteleni ezi meko ukuba zingenzeki kwaye bazilawule ukuba ziyenzeka.
Kufuneka uthethe nini nogqirha?
Xa ubuyela ekhaya emva konyango, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele naluphi na utshintsho emzimbeni wakho. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingezantsi, kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza .
| Ukuba unale mpawu emva konyango, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. |
|---|
| - Intlungu enzima, enganyamezelekiyo kwindawo enyangiweyo okanye emlenzeni. |
| - Ukudumba kwemilenze (i-Edema) . |
| - Ububomvu okanye ubushushu kwindawo enyangiweyo. |
| - Umlenze onyangiweyo uvakala ubanda okanye unzima kunomnye umlenze. |
Utyando lwe-atherectomy yindlela esebenzayo nekhuselekileyo yokunyanga i-Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD). Ukuba unale mpawu, ungoyiki ukubona ugqirha kwaye ufumane ingcebiso. Ngenxa yonyango lwanamhlanje olufana nolu, ngoku sikwazile ukujongana ngempumelelo nezi zifo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-atherectomy lunyango olulula nolungenabungozi kangako olukhuhla kwaye lususe ii-fatty deposits (i-plaque) ezifakwe kwimithambo yegazi ngenxa ye-PAD.
- Ekubeni olu tyando lungelulo olukhulu, ungaphila ngokukhawuleza uze ubuyele ebomini obuqhelekileyo.
- Njengakwezinye iindlela zonyango, kukho iingozi ezincinci, kodwa azixhaphakanga kakhulu kwaye zinokulawulwa ngoogqirha abanamava.
- Ukuba ufumana iintlungu ezingaqhelekanga, ukudumba, ukuba bomvu, okanye ukurhawuzelela emlenzeni wakho emva konyango, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko .
- Indlela ophila ngayo, efana nokutya kunye nokuzilolonga, ibaluleke kakhulu kwimpumelelo yolu nyango kunye nokuthintela ukubuyela umva kwesi sifo.
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