Masifunde ngqo nge-measles. Ezi zinto zibaluleke kakhulu nakumntwana wakho!

Molo! Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesifo esinokuchaphazela abantwana abancinci kwaye ngamanye amaxesha abantu abadala, kwaye kufuneka silumke kancinci ngaso. Esi sifo yi-measles, okanye ngesiNgesi, isifo `(Measles)`. Abanye abantu basibiza ngokuba yi-`(Rubeola)`. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngokuba yintoni le, ibangelwa njani, zithini iimpawu, kwaye singayiphepha njani, kulungile?

Yintoni imasisi? Ingaba iyingozi ngokwenene?

Ngamafutshane, imasisi sisifo esisulelayo kakhulu . Xa sisenzeka, sibangela amabala amancinci abomvu emzimbeni wonke, kunye neempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye nokubanda. Ngaphambili, imasisi yayisifo esiqhelekileyo. Kodwa ngoku, ngenxa yemijovo, iye yalawulwa kakhulu, ngakumbi kumazwe afana neSri Lanka. Nangona kunjalo, kwamanye amazwe ehlabathi, izigidi zabantu zisayifumana minyaka le, kwaye inokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza.

Ekubeni imasisi ibangelwa yintsholongwane, akukho nyango luthile lwayo. Oko kukuthi, inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba yiyo elwa nale ntsholongwane kwaye iyilawule. Ngoko ke, konke umntwana onemasisi amele akwenze kukusela amanzi amaninzi, aphumle ngokwaneleyo, aze aphephe ukuya esikolweni, kwindawo yokugcina abantwana, okanye kwezinye iindawo ezinabantu abaninzi ukuthintela ukusasazwa kwesi sifo kwabanye.

Ingaba umntwana wam unemasisi? Ndingaziqonda njani ezi mpawu?

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ezibonakala xa kuvela imasisi. Iimpawu zokuqala zifana nezomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Oko kukuthi , ukukhwehlela, impumlo egobhozayo, umkhuhlane, namehlo abomvu . Kule mihla, abanye abantwana banokubona amabala amancinci abomvu emlonyeni nasezidleleni, kunye namabala amhlophe-aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka embindini (`(amabala kaKoplik)`). La mabala abonakala ngaphambi kokuba kuvele irhashalala emzimbeni. Zicinge njengeenkwenkwezi ezincinci.

Emva koko, malunga neentsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-5 emva kwezi mpawu zokuqala, irhashalala iyaqala. Ngeli xesha, umkhuhlane unokuba phezulu kakhulu, ngamanye amaxesha ufikelele kuma-40 degrees Celsius (104°F). Irhashalala idla ngokuqala ebunzini, njengamabala abomvu asicaba . Kubantwana abanesikhumba esimnyama, amabala asenokungabonakali kangako, ngoko ke lumka ngaloo nto. Irhashalala isasazeka ebusweni bonke, ezantsi entanyeni, nasesifubeni, esiswini, ezingalweni nasemilenzeni. Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, umkhuhlane kunye nerhashalala ziyaphela kancinci kancinci.

Isasazeka ngokukhawuleza kangakanani imasisi? Isasazeka njani?

I-Maasles sisifo esosulelayo kakhulu . Khawucinge nje, abantu abalithoba kwabalishumi abangakhange bagonyelwe i-maasles banamathuba amaninzi okuyifumana ukuba bakufutshane nomntu onesifo. Yiyo loo nto isasazeka ngokukhawuleza.

Ngoko ke isasazeka njani? Le ntsholongwane ifumaneka kumathontsi amancinci aphuma emlonyeni nasempumlweni xa umntu onentsholongwane yemasisi ekhohlela okanye ethimla. La mathontsi anokukhululwa emoyeni aze asasazeke kumntu ophilileyo ophefumla umoya, okanye ukuba umntu uchukumisa indawo enentsholongwane aze achukumise impumlo okanye umlomo wakhe. Iimpawu zihlala zibonakala phakathi kweentsuku ezi-6 nezingama-21 emva kokuba echaphazelekile yile ntsholongwane. Oku kuthetha ukuba kungathatha ixesha ukuba umntu aqonde ukuba unesifo.

Enye into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka iqatshelwe kukuba umntu one-measles unokusasaza esi sifo kwabanye ukususela kwiintsuku ezi-5 ngaphambi kokuba iimpawu ziqale ukuya kwiintsuku ezi-4 emva kokuba iimpawu ziqalile. Kwakhona, abantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka, njengabo bane-HIV, abaguli abanomhlaza, okanye abo basebenzisa amayeza athile (i-immunosuppressants), banokusasaza intsholongwane ide iphile.

Yintoni omele uyenze ukuba unesifo semasisi? Ungazinyamekela njani ekhaya?

Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, akukho nyango luthile (`unyango`) lwentsholongwane ye-measles. Ngoko ke esinokukwenza kukuncedisa ekulawuleni iimpawu.

Nazi izinto onokuzenza ekhaya:

• Qinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho usela ulwelo oluninzi. Amanzi, ijusi yeziqhamo, umhluzi, kunye ne-porridge zonke zilungile. Oku kuya kunceda ukuthintela ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
• Qinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho uphumla ngokwaneleyo. Ukungazibhokoxi kakhulu kumnceda ukuba aphile ngokukhawuleza. Ungamnqanda umntwana wakho kwizinto ezifana nokubukela iTV nokufunda iincwadi.
• Ukuba umkhuhlane uphezulu kwaye umntwana unengxaki, nika iyeza lokunciphisa iintlungu okanye lokunciphisa umkhuhlane elifana nelithi ``Paracetamol`` okanye ``Ibuprofen``. Hlala ukhumbula ukunika idosi echazwe ngugqirha.
• Kodwa, oku kubaluleke kakhulu: Ungaze unike umntwana onomkhuhlane obangelwa yintsholongwane i-aspirin, ingakumbi umntwana omncinci okanye umntwana omncinci. Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela imeko eyingozi kakhulu nesongela ubomi ebizwa ngokuba yi-Reye syndrome. Ngoko ke lumka kakhulu ngale nto.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina umntwana onemasisi phantsi kweliso likagqirha elisondeleyo , kuba ngamanye amaxesha imasisi inokubangela ezinye iingxaki, ezifuna unyango olwahlukileyo.

Ngaba imasisi ingabangela ezinye iingxaki?

Ewe, ngelishwa, abanye abantwana banokuba nezinye iingxaki zempilo ngenxa ye-measles. Ezinye zezi:

• Usulelo lwendlebe : Oku kuqhelekile kubantwana abancinci.
• I-Croup, isifo sokuphefumla esifana nokukhwehlela okungapheliyo, sinokubangela ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Urhudo : Oku kunokubangela nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
• Isifo semiphunga : Esi sisifo esiyingozi kakhulu semiphunga. Sisenokufuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele.
• I-Encephalitis : Olu lusulelo okanye ukudumba kwengqondo. Le yimeko eyingozi kakhulu enokuba nemiphumo yexesha elide.

I-Maasles ayisosifo esinokudlalwa ngaso. Inokubangela ukugula kakhulu kwanokufa ebantwaneni. Ngoko ke, ukuba uneempawu, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Umntwana onemasisi kufuneka agcinwe kude nabanye ubuncinane iintsuku ezi-4 emva kokuba kuvela irhashalala. Ukuba umntwana akanayo i-immunocompromised, oku kufanele kwenziwe de aphile ngokupheleleyo kwaye zonke iimpawu ziphele.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha kwi-measles?

Xa ucinga ngesifo semasisi kunye nazo zonke iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho, kungathatha iiveki ezininzi ukuba umntwana aphile ngokupheleleyo . Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba nomonde kwaye unyamekele umntwana wakho njengoko ugqirha ekuxelela.

Ngaba ikho indlela yokuzikhusela kwi-measles? Masifunde ngegonyo!

Ewe! Eyona ndlela ilungileyo nesebenzayo yokukhusela abantwana bakho kwi-measles kukubagonyela ngexesha elifanelekileyo .

Uninzi lwabantwana lufumana olu khuselo lwemasisi kwi-'MMR' vaccine . Olu lugonyo olukhusela kuzo zonke izifo ezintathu: 'Imasisi', 'IiMumps', kunye ne'Rubella'. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kudityaniswa ne-'Varicella' vaccine ukwenza i-'MMRV' vaccine. Olu gonyo ludla ngokunikezelwa kubantwana abaphakathi kweenyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-15 ubudala, kunye nedosi yokuqala, kwaye emva koko idosi yesibini, phakathi kweminyaka emi-4 ukuya kwemi-6 ubudala . ESri Lanka, olu gonyo lunikezelwa simahla ngurhulumente.

Malunga nama-95% abantu baba ngabakhuselekileyo emva komthamo wokuqala wogonyo. Abanye baba ngabakhuselekileyo emva komthamo wesibini. Olu khuselo luhlala luhlala ubomi bonke.

Enye into, ukuba unezicwangciso zokuyisa umntwana wakho kwelinye ilizwe xa eneminyaka emalunga neenyanga ezi-6 ubudala (ingakumbi kwilizwe apho i-measles ixhaphake khona), usenokumnika idosi yokuqala yesitofu xa eneminyaka e-6 ubudala. Thetha nogqirha wakho wosapho ngale nto uze wenze isigqibo.

Kutheni kubaluleke kangaka ukugonywa?

I-Maasles ngoku inciphile kakhulu kumazwe amaninzi kwihlabathi liphela, kuquka neSri Lanka, ngenxa yezi nkqubo zokugonya. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqhambuka kwesi sifo kusaxelwa. Kwamanye amazwe, ingakumbi kwihlabathi liphela, kukwabonakala ukuba ukusasazeka kwe-maasles ngale ndlela kuye kwanda phakathi kwabantu abangakhange bagonywe.

Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunika umntwana ngamnye onokuyifumana le gonyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo . Cinga ngayo, abanye abantu, umzekelo, abo baneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka kakhulu, abanye abaguli abanomhlaza, abanakuyifumana le gonyo. Kodwa, xa inani elikhulu labantu kuluntu lifumana le gonyo, ikwabonelela ngokhuseleko kwabo bangenakufumana le gonyo. Kuba amathuba okusasazeka kwesifo ayancipha. Sikwabiza oku ngokuthi 'ukuzikhusela komhlambi' . Kufana nosapho, sonke siyakhuselana.

Abantu abalandelayo basengozini enkulu ngexesha lokuqhambuka kwesifo semasisi:

• Iintsana (iintsana) ezingakakhuli ngokwaneleyo ukufumana ugonyo lwemasisi.
• Kubantwana abancinci kunye nabakwishumi elivisayo abangakhange bagqibe zombini iidosi zokugonyela imasisi.
• Kwabomama abakhulelweyo.
• Kwabo banengxaki yokungondleki kakuhle kunye nabo baneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka.

Oogqirha banokunika abantu abakumaqela angentla anobungozi abaye badibana nomntu one-measles isitofu sokugonya (i-immune globulin) esine-antibody ye-measles . Oku kusebenza kakhulu ukuba kunikwe kwiintsuku ezi-6 emva kokudibana nesigulana. Ezi antibodies zinokuthintela ukuba imaasles ivele okanye inciphise iimpawu.

Kwakhona, ukuba umntu ongagonywanga ufumana idosi yokugonyelwa imasisi kwiintsuku ezi-3 emva kokuba edibene nomguli onemasisi, oko kunokubonelela ngokhuseleko oluthile ekufumaneni esi sifo.

Ngawaphi amaxesha afanelekileyo okubonana nogqirha?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho une-measles, bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko . Musa ukoyika, kodwa fumana ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko. Kwakhona, qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha ukuba umntwana wakho ebekunye nomntu one-measles, ingakumbi ukuba umntwana wakho uwela kwenye yezi ndidi:

• Ukuba umntwana usengumntwana omncinci (usana), umzekelo, ungaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala, umngcipheko uphezulu kuba akakafumani idosi yokuqala yesitofu sokugonya.
• Ukuba usela amayeza acinezela (acinezela) inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
• Ukuba unesifo sephepha, umhlaza, okanye esinye isifo esichaphazela inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela (umz., i-HIV).
• Ukuba awukafumani ngokupheleleyo zombini iidosi zegonyo lemasisi.

Ezi zezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule kwizinto esithethe ngazo!

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu nge-measles namhlanje, akunjalo? Nazi izinto eziphambili ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• I-Maasles sisifo esisasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwaye sinokuba yingozi ngamanye amaxesha. Musa ukucinga ukuba sisifo nje esincinci esishiya amanxeba ambalwa emzimbeni wakho.
• Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela kwi-measles kukufumana i-MMR gonyo ngexesha. Olu lukhuselo olukhulu kumntwana wakho, nakwabanye abantu kuluntu.
• Ukuba unerhashalala emzimbeni wakho kunye neempawu ezifana nokukhwehlela, impumlo egobhozayo, umkhuhlane, kunye namehlo abomvu, kusenokwenzeka ukuba yimasisi. Kwakhona jonga amabala kaKoplik emlonyeni wakho.
• Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho une-measles okanye ukhe wadibana nomntu one-measles, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Ingakumbi ukuba umntwana wakho usemncinci, akagonywanga ngokupheleleyo, okanye unezinye izifo.
• Ekhaya, nika amanzi amaninzi uze uphumle. Nika iParacetamol xa umkhuhlane. Musa ukunika iAspirin! Khumbula oku kakuhle.
• Ukuba umntwana wakho une-measles, mgcine ekhaya okwethutyana ukuze angayisasazi kwabanye.

Ukuba siyayinyamekela le nto, singabakhusela abantwana bethu kwi-measles kunye neengxaki zayo eziyingozi. Ukuba unemibuzo eminye, ungalibali ukuthetha nogqirha wakho wosapho okanye ugqirha wabantwana. Impilo entle kuwo wonke umntu!

"I-Maasles, I-Maasles, I-Rubeola, Ugonyo lwe-Maasles, Ugonyo lwe-MMR, Iimpawu ze-Maasles, Izifo zabantwana