Ingaba umntwana wakho uneeseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezisezantsi? Masifunde ngale meko iyingozi (i-Neutropenia)!

Boomama nooTata, kusenokwenzeka ukuba nibe noloyiko kancinci xa nibona ingxelo yegazi lomntwana wenu waza ugqirha wathi, 'Ii-neutrophils ezisezantsi' okanye 'Iiseli ezimhlophe ezisezantsi', akunjalo? Okanye ukuba umntwana wakho ugula rhoqo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba uzibuze ukuba le yimbangela. Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-'(Neutropenia)' (ebizwa ngokuba yi-neutro-penia). Ukuba uyiqonda kakuhle le nto, kuya kuba luncedo olukhulu kuwe ukuyilawula ngokufanelekileyo ngaphandle kokoyika ngokungeyomfuneko.

Kuthetha ukuthini nje ukuthi `(Neutropenia)`?

Ngamafutshane, `(Neutropenia)` ithetha ukuba asinalo uhlobo olukhethekileyo lweeseli ezimhlophe egazini lethu. Ezi seli zimhlophe sizibiza ngokuba zii`(Neutrophils)`. Cinga ngezi`(Neutrophils)` njengamajoni amancinci ngaphakathi emizimbeni yethu. Umsebenzi wazo ophambili kukulwa neentsholongwane ezifana ne`(Bacteria)` ezingena emizimbeni yethu zize zisikhusele kwizifo. `(Bacteria)` luhlobo lwentsholongwane, kwaye zizo ezisibangela usulelo olwahlukeneyo.

Ngoko ke, kwenzeka ntoni xa silahlekelwa ngamajoni amaninzi abizwa ngokuba yi-`(Neutrophils)` egazini lethu? Inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba ibuthathaka. Emva koko iintsholongwane zinokungena emzimbeni ngokulula zize zibangele usulelo olunzima. Yiyo loo nto ukuba umntwana one-`(Neutropenia)` unomkhuhlane, iimpawu zokubomvu ezijikeleze inxeba, okanye umkhuhlane kunye nokungcangcazela, kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko . Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ukuba ufumana unyango ngokukhawuleza, uninzi lwesulelo kubantwana abane-`(Neutropenia)` lunokunyangeka.

Zithini iimpawu zomntwana one-``(Neutropenia)''?

Umntwana one-"(Neutropenia)" unamathuba amaninzi okufumana usulelo kunabanye abantwana abasempilweni. Kwakhona, ezi sulelo:

• Inokwenzeka rhoqo.
• Kusenokuba kubi ngakumbi.
• Inokuba mandundu ngokukhawuleza.

Iimpawu zixhomekeke kuhlobo losulelo umntwana wakho analo. Umzekelo, umntwana onesifo sendlebe unokuba neentlungu zendlebe. Ngamanye amaxesha zinokubonisa iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezifana nomkhuhlane, iintlungu zomzimba, kunye nokuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya.

Kutheni le nto `(Neutropenia)` isenzeka? Zithini izizathu?

Ngoku siyazi ukuba i-"Neutropenia" ibangelwa kukuncipha kwenani le-"Neutrophils" egazini. Kukho izinto ezininzi ezibangela oku:

• Iintsholongwane ezahlukeneyo: Ezinye iintsholongwane okanye iintsholongwane zinokunciphisa okwethutyana ``(Neutrophils)''.
• Amayeza: I-chemotherapy, ingakumbi amayeza asetyenziselwa ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza, inokuchaphazela umongo wethambo kwaye inciphise ukuveliswa kwee-neutrophils. Amanye amayeza nawo anokubangela oku.
• Unyango ngemitha: Unyango ngemitha olusetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza lunokonakalisa umongo wethambo kwaye luphazamise ukuveliswa kwee-neutrophils.
• Iingxaki zemfuza:Abanye abantwana banokuba ne-"Neutropenia" ngenxa yemeko yemfuza ekhoyo xa bezalwa. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-"Congenital neutropenia".
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-bone marrow: I-bone marrow yinxalenye efana nesiponji ngaphakathi emathanjeni ethu. Kulapho iiseli zethu zegazi ziveliswa khona. Ngoko ke, nayiphi na ingxaki kule bone marrow inokukhokelela ekunciphiseni ukuveliswa kwe-`(Neutrophils)`.
• Inkqubo yokuzikhusela komzimba ihlasela "iiNeutrophils" zayo: Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"Autoimmune neutropenia". Okwenzekayo apha kukuba inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba, elwa neentsholongwane emizimbeni yethu, ngempazamo itshabalalisa iiseli zayo ze-"Neutrophils".

Ngamanye amaxesha, i-neutropenia isenokufika ize iphele (i-cyclic neutropenia) . Oku kuthetha ukuba inqanaba lee-neutrophils liyehla rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa lize libuyele esiqhelweni. Kwezinye iimeko, oogqirha abanakufumana unobangela we-neutropenia (i-idiopathic neutropenia) .

Uyazi njani ukuba une-`(Neutropenia)`?

Oogqirha baxilonga i-neutropenia ngovavanyo lwegazi olubizwa ngokuba yi-Complete Blood Count (CBC). Oku kulinganisa inani leentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeseli egazini.

Ukuze afumanise ukuba kutheni umntwana ene-neutropenia, ingcali ye-hematologist, ugqirha ogxile kwizifo zegazi, angenza ezinye iimvavanyo ezininzi. Ezi ziquka:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi lomntwana nge-microscopic.
• Ukuthatha isampuli encinci kakhulu yomongo wethambo (`(Bone marrow biopsy)`) uze uyihlolisise phantsi kwe-microscope.
• Uvavanyo lwezifo ezahlukeneyo.
• Uvavanyo lwemfuza.

Ezi mvavanyo zezona zichonga unobangela ochanekileyo we-neutropenia.

Iphathwa njani iNeutropenia?

Unyango lwe-`(Neutropenia)` luxhomekeke kwisizathu kunye nobunzima bemeko. Ayizizo zonke iimeko ze-`(Neutropenia)` ezifuna unyango.

Oogqirha basebenzisa ixabiso elibizwa ngokuba yi-'ANC (Absolute Neutrophil Count)' ukwenza izigqibo zonyango. I-'ANC' yindlela echanekileyo yokulinganisa inani leeseli ze-'(Neutrophils)' egazini. Okukhona eli xabiso liphantsi, kokukhona umngcipheko wokuba umntwana afumane usulelo olukhulu uphezulu.

Ukuba kufuneka unyango, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezikhoyo:

1. Ukulungiswa kwemeko ye-`(Neutropenia)`:

• Iinaliti zeGranulocyte Colony-Stimulating Growth Factor (G-CSF): Ezi zivuselela umongo wethambo ukuba uvelise ii-neutrophils ezingaphezulu.
• Amayeza e-steroid: La mayeza asetyenziselwa ukuthintela inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ekutshabalaliseni ii-neutrophils (ingakumbi kwi-autoimmune neutropenia).
• Utofelo-gazi olumhlophe: Ukunika umntwana iiseli ezongezelelweyo zokulwa nosulelo.
• Ukufakelwa kweeseli zesiqu:Oku kuquka ukutshintsha iiseli zokuqala zegazi ezinesifo ngeeseli zokuqala eziphilileyo ezivela kumntu onikelayo. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa kwiimeko ezinzima.
• I-Splenectomy: Ngamanye amaxesha i-spleen itshabalalisa ii-neutrophils, ngoko ke ukususa i-spleen kunokunyusa amanqanaba e-neutrophil.

2. Ukuthintela nokunyanga izifo:

• Ii-antibiotics: Ii-antibiotics zinikwa ukunyanga izifo ukuba ziyenzeka okanye ngamanye amaxesha ukuthintela izifo.

3. Imiyalelo ekhethekileyo yabantwana abane-neutrophil ephantsi kakhulu kunye nomngcipheko ophezulu wosulelo:

Kufuneka kuthathwe ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ukukhusela aba bantwana kwiintsholongwane.

Kubalulekile: Ukulandela le miyalelo kunokukhusela umntwana wakho kwiintsholongwane ezininzi.

• Ziphephe iindawo ezinabantu abaninzi, njengezikolo, kangangoko unako.
• Ukuhlala kude nabantu abagulayo.
• Nxiba imaski yobuso ukuba uhamba ngeenjongo ezibalulekileyo.
• Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle (ngesepha namanzi ubuncinane imizuzwana engama-20) rhoqo.
• Ukuxubha nokuxubha amazinyo akho yonke imihla.
• Musa ukusebenzisa i-thermometer yangasemva ukujonga umkhuhlane (oku kunokubangela ukwenzakala nokufaka iintsholongwane).
• Ukuba ufumana inxeba elincinci, licoce ngokukhawuleza uze ufake iplasta.
• Kuphephe ukusebenzisa izinto ezibukhali ezifana neerazors (kuba zinokubangela usulelo xa zisikiwe).
• Ukuphepha ukutya okuthile:
• Ubisi kunye nokutya kobisi okungafakwanga iintsholongwane.
• Iziqhamo, imifuno, kunye namandongomane aluhlaza – ukuba nje ahlanjwe kakuhle kwaye aphekiwe, kulungile.
• Ubusi obungaphekwanga.
• Ezi zinto zokutya azifanele ziphetshwe kuba zisenokuba neentsholongwane.

Ninganceda njani njengabazali?

Ukuba umntwana wakho une-neutropenia, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha ngokuchanekileyo.

• Yenza uvavanyo lwegazi ngemihla emiselweyo.
• Nika amayeza amiselweyo ngokuchanekileyo nangexesha elifanelekileyo.
• Landela imiyalelo enikiweyo ukuze uthintele usulelo ngokuchanekileyo.

Ukuba uzenza ezi zinto ngokuchanekileyo, unokukwazi ukulawula imeko yomntwana wakho kakuhle.

Ufanele uye kugqirha nini? (Iimeko ezingxamisekileyo!)

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba umntwana one-neutropenia ubonisa naziphi na iimpawu zosulelo. Ngonyango olukhawulezileyo, umntwana uhlala ephila ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo , yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko:

• Ukuba umkhuhlane ungaphezulu kwama-38 degrees Celsius (100.4 Fahrenheit).
• Ukuba uziva ubanda, uqhaqhazela kwaye/okanye ubila.
• Ukukhohlela, ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Izilonda zomlomo, umphimbo obuhlungu.
• Intlungu xa uchama.
• Ukuba kukho ubomvu kwaye kusasazeka kwindawo ejikeleze isilonda solusu.
• Ukuhlanza okanye urhudo.
• Intlungu entsha.

Ukuba ubona uphawu olufana nolu, bonana nogqirha ngaphandle kokulibazisa.

Izinto ezingakumbi ekufuneka uzazi...

Ukuba nomntwana onemeko yempilo enzulu kunokuba ngumceli mngeni kuyo nayiphi na intsapho. Kodwa khumbula ukuba awuwedwa. Thetha nabani na kwiqela lezonyango lomntwana wakho kwaye ubuze ngeendlela zokufumana inkxaso oyifunayo. Ungafumana ulwazi oluthe kratya kunye nenkxaso kwiwebhusayithi zonyango ezithembekileyo kwi-intanethi (umz., iwebhusayithi ye-World Health Organisation, iiwebhusayithi zezibhedlele ezidumileyo). Nangona kunjalo, ayilulo lonke ulwazi olufumaneka kwi-Intanethi oluchanekileyo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kolwazi.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke, ngokwezinto esizixubushileyo namhlanje, ndiyathemba ukuba ufumene ukuqonda okungcono nge-`(Neutropenia)`.

I-Neutropenia kukuncipha kwenani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezibizwa ngokuba zii-neutrophils egazini. Oku kunokukwenza ube sesichengeni sosulelo.

Zininzi izizathu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha usenokungakwazi nokusifumana isizathu.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngovavanyo lwegazi.

Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu kunye nobunzima. Asinguye wonke umntu ofuna unyango.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukujonga iimpawu zosulelo kwaye ufune iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba ubona naziphi na.

Ungamkhusela umntwana wakho ngokulandela icebiso lezonyango ngokuchanekileyo nangokusebenzisa iindlela zokuthintela usulelo.

Ndikunqwenelela umntwana wakho ukuba aphile ngokukhawuleza! Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luza kukunceda.

I- Neutropenia, i-neutropenia, inani eliphantsi leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, izifo zobuntwana, usulelo, i-ANC, izifo zegazi, ukunqongophala kwamajoni omzimba