Ngaba nomntwana wakho uyaludinga uncedo? Masifunde nge-Occupational Therapy!

Usenokuba uqaphele ukuba ngamanye amaxesha abantwana bethu banobunzima obuncinci ekwenzeni eminye yemisebenzi yabo. Mhlawumbi ugqirha ukuxelele 'ngonyango lomsebenzi' okanye unyango lomsebenzi. Ngoko ke, yintoni unyango lomsebenzi? Kutheni lubalulekile ebantwaneni bethu? Masithethe ngalo namhlanje ngendlela elula neqondakala lula.

Yintoni Unyango Lomsebenzi?

Ngamafutshane, i-Occupational Therapy yinkalo ekhethekileyo yezempilo. Inceda abantu bayo yonke iminyaka, ukususela kwiintsana ukuya kubantwana abakwiminyaka yesikolo, abantu abadala abaselula, kunye nabantu abadala, abaneziphene zomzimba, iimvakalelo, okanye ingqondo. Injongo kukubanceda bafunde ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ngokuzimela nangovuyo.

Khawuthelekelele, abanye abantu banokuba nobunzima ekulawuleni iimvakalelo zabo (iimfuno zeemvakalelo), ukusebenzisana nabanye kuluntu (iimfuno zentlalo), okanye ukwenza izinto ezithile ngokwasemzimbeni (iimfuno zomzimba). Iingcali zonyango lwezemisebenzi zichonga le miqobo, zifumane izisombululo, kwaye zincede ekuyoyiseni. Zisebenzisa imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, imithambo eyahlukeneyo, amathoyizi, izixhobo ezahlukeneyo, kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango ukuze zenze njalo. Oku kufana nokunceda umntu 'abuyele kwimo yakhe', emnceda ukuba enze 'umsebenzi' wobomi bemihla ngemihla ngokufanelekileyo.

Luluphi uncedo olunikezelwa luhlobo lonyango lomsebenzi kubantwana abancinci?

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba loluphi uhlobo loncedo olunokunikwa ngabantwana abancinci yi-occupational therapy. Inokunceda ngokwenene ekuphuculeni indlela abantwana abadlala ngayo, umsebenzi wesikolo, kunye nemisebenzi emincinci yemihla ngemihla (njengokutya, ukunxiba, nokunxiba izihlangu). Ayipheleli apho, inokunceda nasekuphuculeni ukuzithemba komntwana kunye nemvakalelo yokufezekisa. Lungakanani uvuyo oluza xa umntwana esenza into eyedwa, akunjalo?

Nazi ezinye zemizekelo yendlela olu nyango olunokunceda ngayo abantwana:

• Izakhono Zokusebenza Ngeemoto Ezintle: Le yimisebenzi emincinci, ethambileyo eyenziwa ngeminwe. Cinga ngezinto ezinje ngokubamba nokukhulula ithoyizi ngokufanelekileyo, ukubamba ipensile ngokufanelekileyo nokubhala kakuhle, ukusika iphepha ngesikere, ukuqhobosha ihempe, ukubopha imitya yezihlangu, okanye ukusebenzisa ikhibhodi yekhompyutha. Xa umntwana engakwazi ukwenza ezi zinto ngokufanelekileyo, kunokuba nzima kuye ukwenza umsebenzi wesikolo, akunjalo? Basenokuziva bengakhululekanga xa bedlala nabanye abantwana.
• Iphucula ulungelelwaniso lwamehlo nesandla:Oko kuthetha ukuziqhelanisa nendlela yokulawula isandla sakho xa uphendula kwinto oyibonayo. Umzekelo, olu buchule lubaluleke kakhulu kwizinto ezifana nokubetha ibhola ngebhethi, ukuthabatha ithoyizi phantsi, nokubhala into ebhodini. Ukuba oku kulungile, kuya kuba lula kumntwana ukudlala nokufunda.
• Izakhono zokuphila zemihla ngemihla ziyafundiswa: izinto ezinje ngokuhlamba, ukunxiba, ukuxukuxa amazinyo, ukutya wedwa, kunye nokuya ngasese. Ezi zinto zingabonakala ngathi zizinto ezincinci, kodwa zibaluleke kakhulu ekuzimeleni komntwana nasekuzithembeni. Khawucinge ukuba kuya kuba lula kangakanani kuwe xa umntwana wakho eqhele ukwenza ezi zinto yedwa!
• Ufundisa ukuziphatha okuhle kunye nezakhono zentlalo: Abanye abantwana banobunzima bokulawula umsindo okanye ukukhungatheka kwabo. Basenokungafuni ukudlala okanye ukuthetha nabanye. Baziqhelisela indlela yokuziphatha kwiimeko ezinjalo, indlela yokuhlalisana nabanye, kunye nendlela yokuveza iimvakalelo zabo ngokufanelekileyo.
• Ukubonelela ngezixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokuphucula ukuzimela komntwana: Abanye abantwana banokufuna izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ukuze imisebenzi yabo yemihla ngemihla ibe lula. Iingcali zonyango lwezemisebenzi ziyabanceda ukuba bakhethe kwaye basebenzise ezi zixhobo. Umzekelo, izitulo ezinamavili, ii-splint, izixhobo zokuhlamba, izixhobo zokunxiba, kunye nezixhobo zonxibelelwano.

Ngubani ofuna unyango lomsebenzi?

Kulungile, ngoobani ke abantwana kunye nabantu abancinci abanokuzuza kakhulu kunyango lomsebenzi? Jonga ukuba umntwana wakho unazo na ezi meko. Unyango lomsebenzi lunokuba luncedo kakhulu kubantu abanezi meko:

• Abantwana abanesifo sokuzalwa okanye abaneziphene .
• Abantwana abaneengxaki zokucubungula iimvakalelo . Oko kukuthi, abanye abantwana banokuba novelwano olugqithisileyo kwizinto ezifana nesandi, ukukhanya, ukuchukumisa, ivumba, kunye nokungcamla (njengokuvala iindlebe zabo xa besiva ingxolo enkulu), okanye basenokungaziqondi ezo zinto (njengokungaziva ubuhlungu nokuba bayawa).
• Kwiimeko ezinje ngokwenzakala okubuhlungu engqondweni okanye emgogodleni .
• Abantwana abaneengxaki zokufunda (umz., ubunzima bokubhala, ukufunda).
• Kubantwana abane- autism spectrum disorder .
• Abantwana abanezifo zamalungu ezifana neJuvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis .
• Abantwana abaneengxaki zempilo yengqondo okanye iingxaki zokuziphatha (umz. i-ADHD, ixhala).
• Emva kokuba ukwaphuka okanye ezinye iingozi ezinxulumene namathambo zipholile, sebenzisa ilungu elichaphazelekileyo ngokufanelekileyo.
• Ukulibaziseka kophuhlisoKubantwana abanjalo. Oko kukuthi, abantwana abafika kade ekwenzeni izinto ezenziwa ngabanye abantwana xa beneminyaka yabo (njengokuthetha, ukuhamba, ukudlala).
• Kwabo baphola emva kotyando , babuyela kwimisebenzi yabo yemihla ngemihla.
• Kwabo batshayo , nciphisa uxinzelelo lolusu kwaye wonyuse ukusebenza kwamalungu omzimba.
• Abantwana abaneengxaki zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ezifana ne -Spine Bifida .
• Abo baye banqunyulwa amalungu omzimba ngenxa yengozi , qhela ukusebenzisa amalungu angengowokwenziwa.
• Abantwana abaphola kumhlaza kufuneka baphinde bafumane amandla abo baze baqhele imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.
• Emva kokuba ukwenzakala okukhulu kwesandla kupholile, buyisela ukusebenza kwesandla kwakhona.
• Yenza ubomi bube lula kwabo banezifo ezihlala ixesha elide ezifana neMultiple Sclerosis kunye neCerebral Palsy .

Njengoko ubona kolu luhlu, unyango lomsebenzi lukhetho olubanzi lonyango. Ukuba umntwana wakho unazo naziphi na ezi ngxaki, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha malunga nokuba unyango lomsebenzi luyimfuneko na. Ungakhathazeki, olu luncedo nje.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi koNyango loMzimba kunye noNyango loMsebenzi?

Umbuzo omkhulu kubantu abaninzi ngowokuba yintoni umahluko phakathi konyango lomzimba, oluyiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-'Physical Therapy' (PT), kunye nonyango lomsebenzi (OT). Zombini zijolise ekuphuculeni umgangatho wobomi babantwana (kunye nabantu abadala), kodwa ingqwalasela yahlukile kancinci. Zombini zihlobene, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha umntwana unokuzifuna zombini.

Ngamafutshane, i-Physical Therapy (PT) inceda kakhulu kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Nciphisa iintlungu .
• Phuhlisa amandla .
• Yandisa uluhlu lokushukuma kwamalungu , oko kukuthi, amandla okugoba nokwandisa amalungu ngokufanelekileyo.
• Phucula ukunyamezela .
• Phuhlisa izakhono zomzimba ezipheleleyo . Ezi ziintshukumo ezinkulu ezisebenzisa iingalo, imilenze, iinyawo, okanye umzimba wonke (njengokuhamba, ukubaleka, ukutsiba, ukunyuka izinyuko).

Nangona kunjalo, i-Occupational Therapy (OT) inceda kakhulu kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Phuhlisa izakhono zomzimba ezintle . Sele sithethe ngale nto ngaphambili, imisebenzi emincinci eyenziwa ngeminwe (njengokuchukumisa, ukubhala, kunye nokucinezela).
• Phuhlisa izakhono zokubona nokubona . Oko kukuthi, ukukwazi ukuqonda nokwenza into ebonwa ngamehlo (umz., ukuqaphela iimilo, ukufumana indawo engekhoyo kumfanekiso).
• Phuhlisa izakhono zokuqonda (umz. inkumbulo, ingqalelo, izakhono zokusombulula iingxaki).
• Ukujongana neengxaki zokucubungula izivamvo kuthetha ukuziqhelanisa nokuphendula ngokufanelekileyo kwiimvakalelo ezivela kwindawo esingqongileyo.

Cinga ngale ndlela. Ukuba umntu wenzakele umlenze wakhe kwingozi, unyango lomzimba (PT) lunokumnceda ahambe, abaleke, aze akhe amandla kwakhona. Kodwa ukuba unengxaki yokutya, ukunxiba, ukubhala, okanye ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla kwakhona, unyango lomsebenzi (OT) lunokunceda. Omnye ugxila kakhulu kwizakhono zomzimba kunye namandla, ngelixa omnye ugxila ngakumbi kwizakhono zomzimba ezilungileyo, izakhono zokuqonda, kunye nemiba yeemvakalelo ezifunekayo ukuze isebenze kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Uyawubona umahluko?

Ngubani owenza olu nyango lomsebenzi?

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba, ngubani obonelela ngale nkonzo ebizwa ngokuba yi-Occupational Therapy? Le asinto enokwenziwa ngumntu wonke, kukho abantu abafumene uqeqesho olukhethekileyo koku. Kukho amanqanaba amabini obuchwephesha:

1. Ingcali yoNyango lweMisebenzi (OT): Aba bantu badla ngokuba nesidanga se-bachelor seminyaka emi-4 kwicandelo elinxulumene noko (njengebhayoloji, isayikholoji, isayensi yezempilo) kunye nesidanga se-masters esivela kwinkqubo yonyango lwemisebenzi evunyiweyo. Bavavanya izigulana, baphuhlise izicwangciso zonyango lwabo, baze bajonge olo nyango.

2. Umncedisi we-Occupational Therapist (OTA): Aba bantu bafumene isidanga se-Associate's Degree kwinkqubo yomncedisi we-occupational therapy evunyiweyo. Banokuphumeza izicwangciso zonyango ezenziwe yi-occupational therapist (OT) phantsi kweliso le-OT. Nangona kunjalo, abavumelekanga ukuba benze uvavanyo lwezigulane.

Bobabini abagqirha bezonyango (ii-OT) kunye nabancedisi bezonyango zomsebenzi (ii-OTA) kufuneka bagqibe iinkqubo zomsebenzi ojongiweyo. Kufuneka baphumelele novavanyo lwesatifikethi sesizwe (kumazwe amaninzi). Kumazwe amaninzi, njengeSri Lanka, ubhaliso lukarhulumente okanye ilayisenisi yokusebenza kuyimfuneko ukuze basebenze kule nkonzo. Kufuneka baye nakwiiklasi zemfundo eqhubekayo ukuze bahlaziye ulwazi lwabo.

Basebenza phi ooGqirha beMisebenzi?

Iingcali zonyango lomsebenzi zisebenza kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Ungazifumana kwiindawo ezifana nezi:

• Kwizibhedlele zikarhulumente nezabucala
• Kwizikolo (ingakumbi izikolo ezinabantwana abaneemfuno ezizodwa zemfundo)
• Kumaziko okubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo
• Kwiziko lezempilo yengqondo nakwiikliniki
• Kumaziko ezonyango abucala nakwiikliniki
• Kwiikliniki zabantwana nakumaziko ophuhliso lwabantwana
• Ngamanye amaxesha kukho iinkonzo zempilo zasekhaya.

Ngoko ke, ukuba umntwana wakho uyayidinga le nkonzo, akuyi kuba nzima ukufumana indawo efanelekileyo yokumlungiselela.

Ungamfumana njani ingcali yezonyango emsebenzini?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho angazuza kunyango lomsebenzi, nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza:

• Cela ugqirha wezifo zabantwana okanye ugqirha wosapho womntwana wakho ukuba akuthumelele ingcali yezonyango ezinobuchule kwezonyango. Oogqirha badla ngokwazi ukuba ngoobani na apho bakhona abanolwazi lwezonyango kwezonyango.
• Ukuba umntwana wakho usesikolweni, thetha nootitshala besikolo, ootitshala bemfundo ekhethekileyo, okanye umcebisi wesikhokelo. Banokukwazi ukucebisa umntu ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zomntwana wakho zemfundo okanye zentlalo.
• Buza kwisibhedlele sikarhulumente esikufutshane nawe (ingakumbi isebe lokulungisa imeko) okanye kwisibhedlele esikhulu sabucala. Banokukwazi ukukunceda nokubonelela ngolwazi.
• ESri Lanka, kukho imibutho yobungcali efana neSri Lanka Society of Occupational Therapists (SLSOT) . Ungafumana ulwazi malunga neengcali zonyango ezibhalisiweyo kwiwebhusayithi yazo okanye ngokuqhagamshelana nazo.
• Buza abanye abazali. Ukuba uyabazi abazali abakhe basebenzisa ezi nkonzo, amava abo abaluleke kakhulu.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukukhetha umntu ofanelekileyo kumntwana wakho, umntu onokuthetha kakuhle nomntwana, umntu omthandayo umntwana, nomntu onokukwenza uzive uzithembile. Ukwakha ubudlelwane obuhle phakathi kwengcali yezonyango nomntwana kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpumelelo yonyango.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Kulungile, ngoku ndiyathemba ukuba uyaqonda kakuhle into ebesithetha ngayo nge-Occupational Therapy. Yinkonzo exabisekileyo kakhulu. Nazi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• Unyango Lomsebenzi yindlela yonyango ekhethekileyo enceda abantwana (kunye nabantu abadala) ukuba benze imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ngokuzimela, basebenzise izakhono zabo ngokupheleleyo, baze baphile ngolonwabo nangokuzimela.
• Oku kunokunceda ekuphuhliseni izakhono zomzimba ezintle, izakhono zomzimba ezipheleleyo, ukulinganisela, ukulungelelanisa amehlo nezandla, imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, izakhono zokufunda, iipatheni zokuziphatha, izakhono zentlalo, kunye nezakhono zokudlala .
• Ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki yokuzalwa, ukulibaziseka kokukhula, ukukhubazeka kokufunda, iimeko ezifana ne-autism spectrum disorder, iingxaki zokucubungula iimvakalelo, okanye naluphi na ukukhubazeka emva kwengozi, unyango lomsebenzi lunokuba luncedo kakhulu.
• Ukuba unamathandabuzo amancinci, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kuqala kukuthetha nogqirha uze ufumane ingcebiso.Baza kukuxelela ngqo ukuba umntwana wakho uyayidinga na le nto okanye akayidingi.
• Oku akuyonto yokuhlazeka okanye yokuyifihla. Into ebalulekileyo kukunceda abantwana bethu bafikelele kwinqanaba labo elipheleleyo. Ngamanye amaxesha into abayidingayo luncedo oluncinci.

Khumbula, wonke umntwana wahlukile. Wonke umntwana ukhula ngesantya sakhe. Luxanduva lwethu ukubanika uthando, inkathalo, kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, uncedo olukhethekileyo abaludingayo ukuze benze olo hambo. Unyango lomsebenzi lufana nomhlobo olungileyo onokubanceda kolo hambo. Musa ukoyika ukuluhlola!

Unyango Lomsebenzi , Uphuhliso Lomntwana, Izakhono Zomzimba Olungileyo, Izakhono Zemihla Ngemihla, Ukulungiswa Kweemvakalelo, Ukuvuselelwa, I-Autism, Ukulibaziseka Kophuhliso