Singathetha ngovavanyo lwe-amniocentesis ukuze sifumane ulwazi ngempilo yomntwana?

Njengoko usazi, oogqirha benza iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba wena nomntwana wakho niphilile. Ngamanye amaxesha, kufuneka benze iimvavanyo ezikhethekileyo ukuze bajonge nzulu impilo yomntwana. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngovavanyo abantu abaninzi abaye beva ngalo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha lunokuba loyikeka kancinci - olo luvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-amniocentesis. Nangona kusenokuba koyikeka kancinci ukuva ngalo, xa sisazi kakuhle ukuba luyintoni, olo loyiko luyancipha kakhulu.

Yintoni i-amniocentesis, ngamazwi alula...

Ngamafutshane, okwenzekayo kukuba kukho ulwelo olumanzi olujikeleze umntwana wakho, esilubiza ngokuba yi-'amniotic fluid', kwaye kuthathwa isampulu encinci yalo lwelo luvavanywe. Khawuthelekelele, umntwana ufana nebhaluni egcwele amanzi. Ngoko ke kuloo manzi kukho iiseli eziwileyo eluswini lomntwana, izinto ezifana nenkunkuma yomntwana. Ezi seli ziqulathe lonke ulwazi lwemfuza yomntwana. Ngoko ke ngokuvavanya olu lwelo, singafumana izinto ezininzi, njengokuthi umntwana uneengxaki zemfuza, okanye ukuba kukho utshintsho kwiichromosomes, okanye ukuba kukho naziphi na iziphene ekuphuhlisweni kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo (iziphene zetyhubhu ye-neural). Oku kufana nomcuphi ofumana into enkulu enobungqina obuncinci.

Kutheni le nto kwenziwa olu vavanyo lwe-amniocentesis? Lufuna ntoni?

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba kutheni olu vavanyo lwe-amniocentesis lwenziwa, kwaye lujonge ntoni. Olu asilovavanyo olwenzelwa wonke umntu kuphela. Oogqirha balucebisa ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo.

Ngexesha lekota yesibini yokukhulelwa

Olu vavanyo ludla ngokwenziwa kwikota yesibini yokukhulelwa, phakathi kweveki ye-15 neye-20. Izinto eziphambili ezijongwayo zezi:

• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-chromosome okufana ne-Down syndrome: Ingaba kukho naluphi na utshintsho kwi-chromosomes olunokuchaphazela uphuhliso kunye nobukrelekrele bomntwana.
• Iziphene zolwakhiwo: Umzekelo, iimeko ezifana ne-spina bifida, eyingxaki yemithambo-luvo ekwi-spinal cord.
• Iingxaki zemetabolism ezizuzwe njengelifa: Ngamanye amaxesha kukho izifo ezidluliselwa kusapho ukuya kusapho, ezibangelwa kukusilela okuthile kwiinkqubo zeekhemikhali zomzimba. Umzekelo ngu `(PKU - phenylketonuria)`.

Ukuchonga iimeko ezinjalo kwangethuba kunceda kakhulu abazali ukuba balungiselele ingqondo baze bacwangcise unyango olukhethekileyo olufunekayo kumntwana kwangethuba.

Kwikota yesithathu yokukhulelwa

Ngamanye amaxesha, olu vavanyo lunokwenziwa kamva xa ukhulelwe, oko kukuthi, kwi-trimester yesithathu . Emva koko, kujongwa ezinye izinto ezimbalwa:

• Ingaba umntwana unentsholongwane?Ngamanye amaxesha usulelo kumama lunokuchaphazela nomntwana.
• Ukungangqinelani kwe-Rh: Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingxaki ezibangelwa kukungangqinelani phakathi kweentlobo zegazi likamama nelomntwana?
• Ukuba imiphunga yomntwana ivuthiwe na: Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba umntwana kufuneka azalwe kwangethuba, oku kungasetyenziselwa ukujonga ukuba imiphunga yomntwana ikhule ngokwaneleyo na ukuba iphefumle yodwa emoyeni ovulekileyo (ukuvuthwa kwemiphunga).

Khawucinge nje, ukuba amanzi kamama aphuma kwangethuba, oogqirha banokwenza olu vavanyo ukuze babone ukuba imiphunga yomntwana iyakhula na baze bagqibe ekubeni bayilibazise okanye bakhawulezise na ukuzala.

Ngaba kufuneka ndenze uvavanyo lwe-amniocentesis?

Lo ngumbuzo obuzwa ngoomama abaninzi. Asinguye wonke umntu omele enziwe. Ugqirha wakho angakucebisa olu vavanyo kwiimeko ezilandelayo:

• Ukuba ukhe waba neengxaki kwiziphumo zovavanyo lwangaphambili (ukuba kukho naluphi na urhanelwa lokuba kukho iingxaki zemfuza, ze-chromosome okanye ze-neurological).
• Ukuba uneminyaka engama-35 okanye ngaphezulu , umngcipheko wakho wokuba neengxaki ezithile zemfuza uyanda kancinci xa ukhula.
• Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okanye kusapho lomyeni wakho okhe waba nesifo semfuza esifana nesi ngaphambili.
• Ukuba ukhe waba nomntwana onesiphene sokuzalwa ngaphambili , okanye ukuba ubune-chromosomal error okanye i-neural tube defect kukukhulelwa kwangaphambili.

Olu vavanyo luchanekile kakhulu – lunokukunika iziphumo ezichanekileyo malunga ne-99%. Nangona kunjalo, alunakubona zonke iimeko, zimbalwa kuphela ezikhethiweyo. Lukwanomngcipheko omncinci kakhulu . Ithuba lokuphuphuma kwesisu kuthiwa li-1 kwi-300 okanye i-1 kwi-500. Oko kuphantsi kakhulu, kodwa akunawo umngcipheko. Ukongeza, kukho ithuba elincinci kakhulu losulelo lwesibeleko, ukuvuza okuncinci kolwelo lwe-amniotic, okanye ukwenzakala okuncinci kumntwana. Ukuva ngezi ngozi kunokoyikisa, kodwa oko kuqhelekile.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba ugqirha wakho ucebisa olu vavanyo kuwe, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngezinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga (oko kukuthi, iingenelo neengozi) zokwenziwa kwalo, nokumamela nokucacisa yonke imibuzo yakho ngaphambi kokuba wenze isigqibo. Ugqirha wakho ngokuqinisekileyo uya kukunceda wenze isigqibo osiqondayo kwaye okhululekileyo ngaso.

Lwenziwa njani olu vavanyo lwe-amniocentesis? Andazi ukuba lubuhlungu na, akunjalo?

Kulungile, masibone ukuba olu vavanyo lwenziwa njani. Uvukile ngelixa usenza oku.

Okokuqala, ugqirha usebenzisa i-ultrasound scanner ukujonga isisu sakho ukuze abone ngqo apho umntwana akhoyo, apho i-placenta ikhoyo, kwaye apho i-amniotic fluid iphezulu khona. Oku kufana nokubukela iTV.

Emva koko, emva kokucoca ulusu esiswini sakho, kufakwa inaliti ende necolekileyo kakhulu.Inaliti ifakwa ngesisu iye esibelekweni. Oku kwenziwa phantsi kwesikhokelo se-ultrasound esiqhubekayo, ukuze inaliti ibekwe kanye apho kukho ulwelo, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa umntwana. Emva koko, malunga netispuni (malunga ne-ounce enye) yolwelo lwe-amniotic ikhutshwa ngesirinji.

Abanye oomama banokuziva bebuhlungu okanye bekrala kancinci njengoko inaliti ingena esibelekweni. Basenokuziva benoxinzelelo oluncinci xa ulwelo lukhutshwa. Kodwa uninzi lwabantu aluziva ntlungu ingako.

Emva kokuba uvavanyo luphelile, ugqirha uza kuphinda ajonge ukubetha kwentliziyo yomntwana ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into ilungile. Uninzi lwexesha, oogqirha baza kukuxelela ukuba uphumle iiyure ezimbalwa . Kungcono ugoduke uyokuphumla imini yonke.

Iiseli zomntwana kwisampuli yolwelo zikhuliswa ngendlela ekhethekileyo kwilebhu kwaye zivavanywa "kwinkcubeko yeseli." Uvavanyo olwenziweyo luya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezifana nembali yezonyango yosapho lwakho.

Olu vavanyo lwenziwa nini ngexesha lokukhulelwa?

I-Amniocentesis idla ngokwenziwa phakathi kweeveki ezili-15 ukuya kwezingama-20 zokukhulelwa, idla ngokwenziwa kwi-trimester yesibini. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, inokwenziwa kamva, okanye kamva ekukhulelweni, ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba iziphumo zifike?

Lo ngumbuzo oqhelekileyo. Ixesha elithathwayo ukuze iziphumo zibuye lixhomekeke ekubeni loluphi uhlobo lovavanyo oluqhutywayo. Ngokwesiqhelo, iziphumo zemfuza okanye ze-chromosome zithatha malunga neveki okanye ezimbini . Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zovavanyo lokuvuthwa kwemiphunga, eziluvavanyo olujonga ukukhula kwemiphunga yomntwana, zinokufunyanwa kwiiyure ezimbalwa. Xa iziphumo zibuya, ugqirha uya kuthetha nawe ngokweenkcukacha.

Nazi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule koko sithethe ngako:

Kulungile, ngoko ke sithethe kakhulu ngovavanyo lwe-amniocentesis. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• I-Amniocentesis luvavanyo olukhethekileyo lokuxilonga olusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa impilo yomntwana, ingakumbi iimeko zofuzo.
• Olu vavanyo alufanele wonke umntu. Oogqirha balucebisa ngezizathu ezithile .
• Akukho mngcipheko mkhulu ngolu vavanyo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngononophelo kwaye uqonde izinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga ngaphambi kokuba uthathe isigqibo sokuba uza kulwenza okanye awulwenzi.
• Musa ukoyika indlela oluvavanywa ngayo. Lwenziwa ngononophelo olukhulu, kusetyenziswa i-ultrasound.
• Nje ukuba iziphumo zifike, thetha nogqirha wakho ngazo uze ubuze nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba nayo.

Khumbula, ezi mvavanyo zikho ukuze zikuncede wena nomntwana wakho. Ngoko ke, ungoyiki ukuthetha ngale nto, thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho, uze wenze isigqibo esifanelekileyo kuwe. Awuwedwa, kwaye kukho oogqirha abanokukunceda.

"I-Amniocentesis, uvavanyo lokukhulelwa, uvavanyo lwangaphambi kokukhulelwa, izifo zemfuza, ukungaqheleki kwe-chromosomal, iingxaki ze-chromosomal, i-Down syndrome, i-spina bifida, impilo yokukhulelwa