Ngaba wakha waphawula iqhuma elincinci phambi kwendlebe yakho, esidleleni sakho? Ngamanye amaxesha lisenokungabi buhlungu, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha linokuba buhlungu xa usitya. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kancinci xa ubona into efana nale. Isizathu sale qhuma sisenokuba yithumba okanye ilitye kwelinye lamadlala aphambili emlonyeni wethu. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngotyando olukhethekileyo olwenziwa kwimeko enjalo. Ungakhathazeki, masichaze yonke into ngokulula.
Yintoni iParotidectomy?
Ngamafutshane, iParotidectomy yinkqubo yotyando esusa inxalenye okanye zonke ii-salivary glands eziphambi kweendlebe zakho ezibizwa ngokuba yiParotid Gland. Ezi zezona glands zinkulu emzimbeni wethu. Xa sisitya, ezi glands zinceda ekuveliseni amathe ukuze kube lula ukuginya.
Kutheni ke ngoko kufuneka ususe le gland? Zimbini izizathu eziphambili:
1. Iithumba: Ukuba kuvela ithumba kweli dlala, linokuba ngumhlaza okanye libe yingozi.
2. Amatye Angamathe: Ngamanye amaxesha, "amatye" anokwakheka kweli gland, avale imibhobho ethwala amathe. Oku kunokubangela ukuba amathe aqokeleleke aze abangele ukuba igland idumbe kwaye ibe buhlungu.
Kukwiimeko ezinje apho oogqirha bagqiba ekubeni benze olu tyando.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo eziphambili zolu tyando?
Ewe, indlela olu tyando olwenziwa ngayo ixhomekeke kwindawo ekuyo ithumba okanye ingxaki. Imithambo-luvo ebaluleke kakhulu elawula imbonakalo yobuso bethu, njengaxa sincuma kwaye sivala amehlo ethu, idlula kwi-parotid gland yakho. Siyibiza ngokuba yi-facial nerve . Kukho iinxalenye ezimbini ze-gland ngaphezulu nangaphantsi kwale mithambo-luvo. Ngoko ke, utyando lwahlulwe lwaba ziintlobo ezimbini.
1. Utyando lweParotidectomy olungaphezulu: Oku kuquka ukususa ithumba kwi-gland engaphezulu kwe-facial nerve. Olu hlobo lotyando ludla ngokwenziwa.
2. I-Total Parotidectomy: Kule meko, ukuba kukho ithumba kwindawo enzulu phantsi komthambo wobuso, okanye ukuba ithumba lisasazeke kuzo zombini iindawo, lonke idlala liyasuswa.
Ugqirha uza kukuxilonga aze, ukuba kuyimfuneko, akwenzele iiskeni ukuze abone ukuba loluphi utyando olufunekayo.
Ulungiselela njani utyando?
Ekubeni le yinkqubo yotyando, kukho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzilungiselele ngaphambi kokuba zenzeke. Ugqirha wakho (ugqirha we-otolaryngologist - ugqirha weendlebe, impumlo, nomqala) uza kukunika imiyalelo ethile ngale nto.
Ngamaxesha anje, licebo elihle ukuba nelungu losapho okanye umhlobo xa usiya kugqirha. Ngale ndlela, ukuba kukho into oyilibeleyo, loo mntu unokuyikhumbula aze akuncede.
Nazi izinto ekufuneka uzenze rhoqo:
- Ukuba uyatshaya, kufuneka uyeke ngaphambi kotyando. Ukutshaya kuyalibazisa ukuphola kwenxeba.
- Xelela ugqirha wakho malunga namayeza (umz., esifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi) okanye iivithamini ozisebenzisayo. Usenokucelwa ukuba uyeke ukusebenzisa amanye amayeza (ingakumbi amayeza okunciphisa igazi) kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kotyando.
- Fumana ngqo ukuba kufuneka uyeke nini ukutya nokusela ngaphambi kotyando.
- Buza ukuba kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele na emva kotyando, okanye ukuba ungaya ekhaya ngaloo mini inye.
- Lungiselela ukuba kubekho umntu oza kukuhamba nawe xa usiya ekhaya kunye nomntu oza kukunyamekela kwiiyure zokuqala ezingama-24 okanye iintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuba ubuyile ekhaya.
Uvavanyo lwangaphambi kotyando
Ukuba kukho ithumba, ugqirha angenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ngaphambi kotyando:
- Ukufuthwa kwenaliti encinci (i-FNA): Iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesicubu lithathwa kwithumba kusetyenziswa inaliti encinci kwaye livavanywe iiseli zomhlaza.
- I-CT scan okanye i-MRI scan: Ukuba ithumba likufutshane kakhulu nomthambo wobuso obalulekileyo, ezi scan zinokunceda ugqirha otyandayo, njengemephu, ukuba alumke angawonakalisi loo mthambo ngexesha lotyando.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lotyando?
Awuyi kuva nto ngale nto, kuba utyando luza kwenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia eqhelekileyo kwaye uza kube ulele ubuthongo.
Ugqirha ulandela la manyathelo:
1. Ukwenza i-incision: I-incision yenziwa phambi kwendlebe yakho, iye ngaphantsi kwe-earlobe, ize ilandele ukugoba kwendalo phezulu entanyeni yakho. Oku kwenziwa ukuze i-incision ingabonakali lula kamva.
2. Ukuveza i-gland: Ulusu luyatsalwa ukuze kubonakale i-parotid gland. Ngeli xesha, isixhobo sokujonga imithambo-luvo yobuso sinokusetyenziswa ukujonga umonakalo kwimithambo-luvo yobuso.
3. Ukususwa kwe-gland: Inxalenye efunekayo ye-gland okanye i-gland yonke isuswa ngononophelo. Ukuba uvavanyo luqinisekisa ukuba inomhlaza kwaye ifunyenwe isasazeke kwii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane, ezo lymph nodes nazo ziyasuswa ngaxeshanye.
4. Ukuthunga isiko: Emva koko isiko lithungwa kakuhle.
5. Ukufaka umbhobho wokukhupha amanzi: Kufakwa umbhobho omncinci (umbhobho wotyando) ukuze kuthintelwe igazi okanye ezinye izinto eziphumayo ukuba zingaqokeleleki ngaphakathi kwenxeba kwaye zikhutshwe. Oku kususwa emva kosuku okanye ezimbini.
Olu tyando lonke ludla ngokuthatha malunga neeyure ezimbini ukuya kwezine.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zalo tyando?
Njengalo naluphi na utyando, olu lunezibonelelo kunye neengozi.
Eyona nzuzo iphambili kukuba inokunyanga esi sifo kwi-parotid gland. Ukuba sisimila esiqhelekileyo, siya kuphila ngokupheleleyo emva kotyando. Ukuba sisimila esinomhlaza, singasuswa ngaphambi kokuba sisasazeke kwezinye iindawo zomzimba kwaye sinokusindisa ubomi. Kwakhona lunyango olusebenzayo kwiintlungu ezinzima kunye nosulelo olubangelwa ngamatye amathe.
Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba olu tyando lunzima, kukho iingozi ezithile kunye nemiphumo emibi enokwenzeka. Uninzi lwazo lungolwexeshana.
| Isiphumo/ingxaki | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ubungqindilili ebusweni, endlebeni, okanye emhlathini | Ulusu olusecaleni lotyando lusenokuvakala ngathi alunamsebenzi. Oku kuya kunyamalala kancinci kancinci kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ukuya kunyaka. |
| Ubuthathaka bobuso | Emva kotyando, umthambo wobuso usenokuba uvuvukile kancinci, nto leyo ebangela ukuziva ngathi utsalwa kwelinye icala lobuso, kunye nokungakhululeki kancinci xa uncuma okanye uvala amehlo. Oku kuya kuphinda kulunge ngokupheleleyo kwiiveki okanye kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. Umonakalo ongapheliyo awuqhelekanga. |
| isifo sikaFrey | Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kancinci. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa emva kotyando, xa usitya, uqala ukubila ecaleni kwesidlele sakho apho wenze khona utyando. Kukho unyango loku. |
| Isifo sokuluma sokuqala | Intlungu ebukhali kwicala lasekunene lomhlathi xa ulunywa okokuqala. Oku kudla ngokuphela emva kwexesha elithile. |
| Ukuqokelelwa kwegazi (iHematoma) | Igazi lingaqokelelana ngaphakathi kwenxeba lize libangele ukudumba. Umsele wokuhambisa amanzi ubekwa ukuze kuthintelwe oku. |
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando?
Xa uvuka emva kokusebenzisa i-anesthesia, uza kuba kwigumbi lokuchacha. Abasebenzi abangongikazi baza kujonga rhoqo ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi. Baza kukunika amayeza eentlungu. Basenokukucela ukuba uncume kwaye uvale amehlo akho ngokuqinileyo ukuze bajonge ukuba imithambo-luvo yakho yobuso isebenza kakuhle na.
Ngaphambi kokuba ugoduke, uza kufundiswa indlela yokunyamekela inxeba lakho, indlela yokunyamekela umsele wokukhupha amanzi (ukuba ukhona), kunye nexesha oza kufuneka ubuye ngalo ukuze kususwe izititshi kunye nomsele wokukhupha amanzi.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha?
Ngokwesiqhelo ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo emva kweeveki ezimbini. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ndindisholo kunye nobuthathaka bobuso obukhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi okanye unyaka ukuze uphile ngokupheleleyo. Kubalulekile ukuba nomonde.
Ukuba ithumba elinomhlaza lisusiwe, kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho rhoqo ixesha elide (mhlawumbi ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka engama-20) ukuze ubone ukuba liyabuya na.
Udinga nini ukubona ugqirha wakho?
Xa ubuyela ekhaya emva kotyando, kufuneka ufowunele ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba unezinye zezi mpawu zilandelayo:
- Ukuba unentlungu enzima engapheziyo nokuba sele usele amayeza.
- Ukuba uziva ngathi ubuso bakho buyanda kuba ndindisholo okanye ubuthathaka.
- Ukuba inxeba likhupha ubovu, ulwelo, okanye igazi.
- Ukuba indawo ejikeleze inxeba ibomvu, ivakala ishushu xa uyichukumisa, okanye ibuhlungu xa uyichukumisa.
- Ukuba kukho ivumba elibi eliphuma enxebeni.
Ezi mpawu zinokuba ziimpawu zosulelo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukufuna unyango ngokukhawuleza.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Parotidectomy yinkqubo yotyando yokususa iithumba okanye amatye ayenzeka kwi-salivary gland (i-parotid gland) phambi kwendlebe.
- Ekubeni olu tyando lwenziwa kufutshane nomthambo wobuso obaluleke kakhulu, kubalulekile ukufuna uncedo kugqirha oqeqeshiweyo.
- Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngononophelo ngaphambi kotyando (yeka ukutshaya, zifundise ngamayeza).
- Kuqhelekile ukuba ubuso bube ndindisholo okanye bube buthathaka emva kotyando. Uninzi lwazo luyaphela ngokuhamba kwexesha.
- Ukuba ubona iimpawu zosulelo kwinxeba (ububomvu, ukudumba okugqithisileyo, ukubomvu, umkhuhlane), musa ukulibazisa kwaye wazise ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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