Xa sisiva igama elithi isifo sentliziyo okanye i-heart block, uninzi lwethu luziva luloyiko ngoko nangoko. Into elandelayo esiyicingayo lutyando olukhulu olufana notyando lwe-bypass. Ingcinga yokuchitha iintsuku esibhedlele, ixesha lokuchacha, kunye nentlungu isenza singcangcazele, akunjalo? Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba ngenxa yesayensi yezonyango ephucukileyo namhlanje, izifo ezininzi zentliziyo zinokunyangwa ngaphandle kokwenza umngxuma omkhulu, ngokufaka ityhubhu encinci (i-catheter) ngomngxuma omncinci esihlahleni okanye emqolo? Loo nkqubo yezonyango imangalisayo nekhuselekileyo yileyo siyibiza ngokuba yi -Interventional Cardiology . Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula, ukuze uqonde.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Interventional Cardiology?
Khawuthelekelele ukuba umbhobho wamanzi endlwini yakho uvalekile luthuli. Ngoku amanzi ahamba kancinci kakhulu. Zimbini iindlela zokulungisa oku. Enye kukuqhekeza udonga, ukhuphe umbhobho, uze ufake umbhobho omtsha. Oku ngumsebenzi omninzi, uthuli, ungxolo, uchitha ixesha, kwaye ubiza kakhulu. Enye indlela kukuba, ngaphandle kokuqhekeza udonga, ufaka isixhobo esincinci esifana nentambo kwelinye icala lombhobho, ususe uthuli oluvalekileyo, uze ucoce indlela. Kulula kangakanani oku? Yiloo nto eyenzekayo kwi-Interventional Cardiology.
Utyando lwentliziyo oluvulekileyo lwendabuko lutyando olukhulu olubandakanya ukuqhekeza udonga. I-Interventional Cardiology yinkqubo yotyando ebandakanya ukucoca intliziyo ngesixhobo esithambileyo ngaphandle kokuqhekeza udonga.
Eli lelinye icandelo eliphambili kwicandelo lezonyango elibizwa ngokuba yiCardiology. Apha, oogqirha, abangooNgcali beCardiology abaPhakathi , basebenzisa iityhubhu ezincinci neziguquguqukayo ezibizwa ngokuba zii-catheters ukuxilonga nokunyanga izifo ezahlukeneyo zentliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi. Oku akudingi kusika okukhulu. Le catheter ifakwa emzimbeni ngenaliti encinci efakwe kwimithambo yegazi engalweni okanye emqolo. Ke ngoko, oku kukwabizwa ngokuba lunyango "olungena kancinci" .
Zithini iingenelo zale ndlela ngaphezu kotyando olukhulu lwentliziyo?
Le ndlela ineenzuzo ezininzi ngaphezu kotyando lokukhulisa amabele. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ukwazi oku.
| Inzuzo | Oko kuthetha... (Ithetha ukuthini...) |
|---|---|
| Ukusikwa okuncinci kakhulu (Izicucu ezincinci) | Endaweni yokusikwa okukhulu, kukho ukugqobhozwa kwenaliti kuphela. Oku kuya kuphola ngokupheleleyo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Akuyi kubakho mfuneko yokuthungwa. |
| Umngcipheko omncinci wokopha (Umngcipheko ophantsi wokulahleka kwegazi) | Ekubeni kungekho kusikwa okukhulu, akukho gazi lininzi liphumayo emzimbeni. Ngenxa yoko, isidingo sotofelo-gazi lwangaphandle naso sinqabile kakhulu. |
| Phila kwangoko (Ixesha lokuchacha ngokukhawuleza) | Kungathatha iiveki, kwaneenyanga, ukubuyela esiqhelweni emva kotyando olukhulu. Kodwa ngale ndlela, ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho eqhelekileyo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. |
| Ixesha elichithwa esibhedlele lifutshane. (Ukuhlala ixesha elifutshane esibhedlele) | Ixesha elininzi, kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele usuku olunye okanye ezimbini emva kolu hlobo lonyango, kwaye usenokukwazi nokuya ekhaya ngaloo mini inye. |
Yintoni kanye kanye eyenziwa yi-Interventional Cardiologist?
Eyona njongo iphambili yaba gqirha kukuqinisekisa ukuba imithambo yegazi emzimbeni wakho, ingakumbi leyo idibana nentliziyo yakho, isebenza kakuhle. Njengamapolisa endlela endleleni, bafumana imiqobo kwimithambo yegazi, bafumane unobangela, baze bayisuse ukuze kubuyiselwe ukuhamba kwegazi okuqhelekileyo.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, aba gqirha abenzi utyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo njengoogqirha bentliziyo. Wonke umsebenzi wabo wenziwa nge-catheter.
Unyango oluqhelekileyo yi-angioplasty kunye ne-stenting.
Olu lolona nyango luxhaphakileyo kweli candelo. Lunyango olungxamisekileyo olwenziwa ukusindisa ubomi, ingakumbi xa kuthe kwakho isifo sentliziyo. Makhe sibone ukuba oku kwenzeka njani.
1. Ukuchonga ukuvaleka: Okokuqala, kwenziwa uvavanyo lwe-X-ray olubizwa ngokuba yi-angiogram ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho ukuvaleka kwenye yemithambo yentliziyo ehambisa igazi entliziyweni yakho.
2. Ukufaka i-catheter:Emva koko, i-catheter encinci idluliselwa ngomthambo osengalweni okanye emqolo wakho ize ingene kwimithambo yegazi esentliziyweni yakho. Awuyi kuyiva nokuyiva.
3. I-Angioplasty: Kukho ibhaluni encinci ekupheleni kwe-catheter. Xa ugqirha efika kwindawo evalekileyo, ibhaluni iyavuvukala. Umaleko we-cholesterol ovalekileyo unamathela eludongeni lomthambo, uvula indlela yokuba igazi liphinde liphume.
4. Ukutshiza ukuze kugcinwe indlela ivulekile: Ekubeni indlela evulwe ngebhaluni ingavalwa kwakhona, ityhubhu encinci ye-mesh ebizwa ngokuba yi -stent ibekwa endaweni ukuze ithintelwe. Oku kufana nokubonelela ngenkxaso kumngxuma oza kudilika. Le stent igcina umthambo wegazi uvulekile.
Le nkqubo ingenziwa ngoko nangoko kumntu onesifo sentliziyo, inciphisa umonakalo entliziyweni kwaye isindise ubomi.
Zeziphi ezinye iimvavanyo kunye nonyango ezenziwa ngale ndlela?
Ukongeza kwi-angioplasty kunye nokufakwa kwe-stent, le ndlela isetyenziselwa ezinye iimeko ezininzi. Nazi ezimbalwa zazo.
| Igama lonyango/lovavanyo | Kwenzeka ntoni ngale nto? |
|---|---|
| Ukucoca Intliziyo | Olu lolona vavanyo lulula. I-catheter ifakwa kwiigumbi zentliziyo nakwimithambo yegazi ukulinganisa izinto ezinje ngoxinzelelo, ukuhamba kwegazi, kunye namanqanaba eoksijini. |
| Utyando lwe-atheromy | Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba umaleko we-cholesterol utyebile kakhulu, kunzima ukuwuqinisa ngebhaluni. Ngelo xesha, umaleko uyakhuhlwa ngesixhobo esincinci esifana neblade esidluliselwa kwi-catheter. |
| Ukuvalwa kwe-Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) | Umngxuma osentliziyweni okhoyo ekuzalweni (isifo sentliziyo esizalwa naso) awudingi mbhobho wesifuba. Isixhobo esincinci esifana nesambulela singadluliselwa kwi-catheter ukuze sivale umngxuma. |
| Ukutshintshwa kunye nokulungiswa kweValve yentliziyo | Le nkqubo isetyenziselwa ukulungisa okanye ukutshintsha iivalvu zentliziyo ezinciphileyo okanye ezivuzayo. I-TAVI/TAVR lunyango oludumileyo lwale meko. |
| I-Thrombolysis | Ukuba ihlwili legazi linamathele ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, i-catheter ingasetyenziselwa ukuya kwindawo yehlwili kwaye ifake iyeza eliyinyibilikisayo. |
Ngaphantsi kweziphi iimeko apho ungathunyelwa khona kwi-Interventional Cardiologist?
Ukuba ugqirha wosapho lwakho okanye ingcali yentliziyo jikelele ikrokrela ukuba unengxaki ngentliziyo okanye imithambo yegazi yakho, banokukuthumela kwingcali yentliziyo ukuze bafumane ukuba yintoni na okanye bayinyange.
Uncedo lwabo ludla ngokufuneka kwezi meko zilandelayo zonyango:
- I-atherosclerosis: Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, oku kuthetha ukuba i-cholesterol iqokelelana ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, nto leyo enciphisa indlela yokuhamba kwegazi.
- Isifo semithambo yentliziyo: Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni. Oku kubangela iintlungu zesifuba (i-angina).
- Isifo seValve yentliziyo: Iivalve zentliziyo azisebenzi kakuhle.
- Iimeko zeNtliziyo zokuzalwa: Iziphene zentliziyo ezibakho ekuzalweni (ezifana nemingxunya entliziyweni).
- Isifo seMithambo Engaphazamiyo: Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ethwala igazi kwiingalo nasemilenzeni.
- Ii-Aneurysms: Ukudumba okufana nebhaluni emthanjeni wegazi.
- Amahlwili egazi: Amahlwili egazi.
Kodwa khumbula, le ndlela ayifanelekanga kubo bonke abaguli. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, utyando olukhulu lunokuba sisisombululo esingcono. Eso sigqibo siya kwenziwa ngugqirha okuxilongayo.
Kwakhona, ukuba unento efana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo ngequbuliso, ungangeniswa ngqo kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele, apho unokunyangelwa khona yiNgcali yeNtliziyo ePhatheleleneyo.
Yintoni omele uyilindele xa usiya kubona ugqirha?
Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko kancinci kwaye ube nexhala xa usiya kubona ingcali efana nale. Kodwa musa ukuyoyika loo nto.
Okokuqala, ugqirha uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho. Iqale nini intlungu yesifuba, ivakala njani, kwaye ibiqhubeka ixesha elingakanani? Emva koko, baza kubuza ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onesifo sentliziyo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngazo zonke amayeza owasebenzisayo.Oko kuthetha ukuba akupheleli nje ekuthatheni amayeza kagqirha, kodwa kunye neepilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu ezithengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha, iivithamini, kunye namayeza esintu (amayeza esiSinhala) owasebenzisayo kwikhemesti, kwaye kufuneka ubaxelele bonke. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubhala phantsi konke.
Emva koko ugqirha uza kukuxilonga. Uza kwenza uvavanyo olulula olufana nokumamela intliziyo yakho nge-stethoscope kunye nokulinganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi lakho.
Ukuba ufuna i-catheterization okanye unyango, kuya kwenziwa ngosuku olwahlukileyo (ngaphandle kokuba yingxamiseko). Ngaphambi koko, ugqirha wakho uya kukuchazela ngenkqubo, kuquka iingenelo kunye neengozi ezincinci ezinokubakho, kunye nendlela yokuyilungiselela.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Interventional Cardiology yindlela ephucukileyo yokunyanga isifo sentliziyo. Endaweni yotyando olukhulu lwentliziyo evulekileyo, unyango lwenziwa kusetyenziswa ityhubhu encinci kakhulu (i-catheter).
- Iingenelo zale ndlela kukunciphisa iintlungu, ukuchacha ngokukhawuleza, ukunciphisa ixesha lokuhlala esibhedlele, kunye nokungabikho kwamanxeba amakhulu.
- Iimeko ezininzi, ezinje ngokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, imithambo yegazi evalekileyo, iingxaki zeevalvu zentliziyo, kunye neziphene zentliziyo zokuzalwa, zinokunyangwa ngempumelelo ngale ndlela.
- Ukuba unesifo sentliziyo, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba olu nyango lukulungele na. Ungoyiki ukubuza nayiphi na imibuzo onayo.
- Endaweni yokuba woyike xa usiva ngesifo sentliziyo, ukwazi unyango oluphambili olufumanekayo namhlanje kuya kukunika amandla amakhulu engqondo.
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