Ngaba uza kuba ngumama? Masifunde yonke into malunga nokukhulelwa ngendlela elula!

Molo! Ngaba ulindele umntwana omtsha kule mihla? Ukuba kunjalo, kufuneka ukuba wonwabile kakhulu, akunjalo? Kuqhelekile ukuba ube nemibuzo emininzi kunye noloyiko oluncinci ngeli xesha. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngokuba yintoni ukukhulelwa, kwenzeka ntoni ngeli xesha, kunye noko kufuneka ukwazi. Masiqonde konke oku ngokulula, ngokungathi uthetha nomhlobo wakho osenyongweni.

Kukuthini ukukhulelwa? Kwenzeka njani?

Ngamafutshane, ukukhulelwa lixesha apho umntwana omnye okanye ngaphezulu ozelwe ngaphakathi kwesibeleko sakho ekhula khona. Oku kudla ngokwenzeka emva kokwabelana ngesondo. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ukukhulelwa kunokubakho ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuzala obuncediswayo (ART) . Eyona ndlela ilula yokwazi ukuba ukhulelwe kukwenza uvavanyo lokukhulelwa ekhaya. Nangona kunjalo, uvavanyo lwegazi lunokuqinisekisa oku. Iimpawu zokuqala abantu abaninzi abaziqaphelayo kukungafiki exesheni, ukurhawuzelelwa kusasa, kunye nokudinwa.

Uninzi lokukhulelwa luphela ekuzalweni komntwana ophilileyo. Oku kungaba kukuzalwa okuqhelekileyo kwesibeleko okanye utyando lwe-C-section. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba ngamanye amaxesha, izinto zinokuhamba gwenxa, njengokuphuphuma kwesisu, ukukhupha isisu, okanye ukuzala umntwana oswelekileyo.

Ngoku makhe sijonge indlela eyenzeka ngayo le nkqubo inzima ebizwa ngokuba kukukhulelwa. Konke kuqala ngokudibana kweqanda kunye nesidoda. Cinga ngale ndlela...

• Amaqanda: La afumaneka kwii-ovari zakho. Nyanga nganye ngexesha lomjikelo wakho wokuya exesheni, iqanda elinye likhutshwa kwenye yee-ovari zakho. Eli qanda lihamba kancinci kancinci kwi-fallopian tube, lilinde ukuba kufike isidoda. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi-ovulation . Oku kuthatha phakathi kweeyure ezili-12 nezingama-24.
• Imbewu: Imbewu ivela emasendeni endoda. Ngexesha lokukhupha iqanda, izigidi zembewu ziyakhutshwa kwilungu lobudoda. Ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo, ezi mbewu zihamba ngelungu lobufazi lakho ziye kwiityhubhu zakho zesibeleko.

Ukuze ukhulelwe, isidoda neqanda kufuneka zidibane kwaye zimanyane. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -'conception' . Isidoda sidibana neqanda kwaye kwenzeka 'ukuchumisa'. Ngoku eli qanda lichumisiweyo liyahlukana libe ziiseli ezingaphezulu kwaye lihamba ngetyhubhu ye-fallopian njenge -'blastocyst' . Emva kweentsuku ezintathu, le 'blastocyst' ifikelela kwisibeleko sakho. Apho, izimela eludongeni lwesibeleko. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -'implantation'.Kungoku nje iba yimbumba. Emva kokufakelwa, i-placenta iqala ukwakheka. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, le mbumba iya kutshintsha ngakumbi ibe yimbumba , into abayibiza oogqirha de umntwana azalwe.

Emva kokufakelwa, umzimba wakho uqala ukukhupha iihomoni zokukhulelwa. Ezi homoni zezona zikuthintelayo ukuba ungaphindi ube sexesheni. Zikwanceda ekukhuleni komntwana ongekazalwa.

Ngaba singafunda kancinci nge-Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)?

Xa abanye abantu bekufumanisa kunzima ukukhulelwa ngokwendalo, kukho iindlela zokufumana abantwana ngoncedo loogqirha. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-`(Assisted Reproductive Technology - ART)`. Nalapha, abalinganiswa abaphambili liqanda kunye nesidoda. Nangona kunjalo, endaweni yokuba ukukhulelwa kwenzeke ngokwendalo, ugqirha unceda aba babini ukuba badibane ngokulula. Makhe sijonge ezinye zeendlela ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ze-`(ART)`:

• Ukufakwa kwembewu ngaphakathi kwesibeleko (IUI): Kulapho ugqirha efaka khona isidoda ngqo kwisibeleko sakho esebenzisa umbhobho omncinci (i-catheter). IUI yenziwa ngexesha lokukhutshwa kweqanda. Abanye abafazi banikwa amayeza okuzala ukuze bandise amathuba abo okukhutshwa kweqanda.
• Ukuchumisa ngeVitro (IVF): Ngale ndlela, ugqirha udibanisa amaqanda kunye nesidoda kwilebhu ukwenza i-embryo. Emva koko i-embryo ifakwa kwisibeleko sakho. Ngexesha lomjikelo we-IVF, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza ahlukeneyo. Oku kunceda ukulawula inkqubo kwaye kwandise amathuba okukhulelwa okuphumelelayo.

Zingaphi iiveki zokukhulelwa?

Ukukhulelwa okuqhelekileyo kuthatha malunga neeveki ezingama-40, okanye iintsuku ezingama-280 . Nangona kunjalo, indlela oku kubalwa ngayo oku inokuba yinto edidayo kancinci.

Uninzi lwexesha, ugqirha wakho uya kubala ukuba ukhulelwe ixesha elingakanani ngokusekelwe kumhla wokugqibela kokuya exesheni (LMP) . Oku kunokuba yinto edidayo kancinci, kuba ukukhutshwa kweqanda kudla ngokuvela malunga neeveki ezimbini emva kokuba uqalile ukuya exesheni. Ngoko ke, ukuba uthatha uvavanyo lokukhulelwa kwiiveki ezimbini emva kokukhutshwa kweqanda, sele uneeveki ezine ukhulelwe!

Musa ukucinga kakhulu ngezi zibalo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela zona. Uza kwenza ne-ultrasound scan aze akunike umhla wokugqibela.

Nokuba ukhulelwe nge-IVF, inani leeveki zokukhulelwa liyafana. Nangona kunjalo, indlela ugqirha wakho akubalela ngayo inokwahluka kancinci. Oku kungenxa yokuba ayithathi ezinye zeendlela ezithatha malunga neeveki ezimbini ekukhulelweni kwendalo kwaye ibeka umbungu ngqo esibelekweni.

Uyifumana njani umhla ochanekileyo wokuphelelwa kwetyala?

Ngoku kukho ii-"calculators" ezikwi-intanethi zokufumanisa ukuba umntwana wakho uza kuzalwa nini. Enye indlela yile:

• Bhala umhla wokugqibela wokuya exesheni (`LMP`).
• Yongeza iintsuku ezisixhenxe kuloo nto.
• Bala iinyanga ezintathu ubuye umva ukususela kuloo mhla.
• Emva koko yongeza unyaka.

Nokuba ubala umhla wakho wokuzalwa ngale ndlela, ugqirha wakho uya kuqinisekisa umhla okanye akunike umhla omtsha ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo ze-ultrasound scan xa usiya ekliniki. Njengokuba uya kwiikliniki zangaphambi kokubeleka, ugqirha wakho unokujonga ukuchaneka komhla wakho wokuzalwa.

Kodwa khumbula, kukho ithuba eliyi-5% kuphela lokuba nomntwana ngomhla oza kuzalwa ngawo!

Lithini eli 'xesha lokukhulelwa'?

Ubudala bokukhulelwa buthetha nje ukuba kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukukhulelwa. Oku kunokuba yinto edidayo kancinci, kuba kubalwa ukusuka kwixesha lakho lokugqibela lokuya exesheni (LMP). Oko kuthetha ukuba kuquka ixesha ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe ngokwenene. Ukuze kube yinyani, lixesha ngaphambi kokukhutshwa kweqanda, apho umzimba wakho ulungiselela ukukhulelwa.

Ubudala bokukhulelwa buyindibaniselwano yeeveki neentsuku. Umzekelo, ukukhulelwa kuthiwa kukhulelwe iiveki ezingama-22 kunye neentsuku ezi-3. Ungakubona oku kubhalwa njenge-22 3/7, okanye kunokuthiwa "kukukhulelwa iiveki ezingama-22".

Eli "xesha lokukhulelwa" libhekisa ekukhulelweni, hayi kubudala bomntwana ongekazalwa. Ubudala bomntwana ongekazalwa asiloxesha lokulinganisa elisetyenziswa ngoogqirha. Isizathu esiphambili soku kukuba kufuneka bazi ukuba kwenzeke nini kanye kanye ukuba umntwana ukhulelwe. Kunzima kakhulu ukwazi ngqo.

Zithini ii-trimester zokukhulelwa?

Ukukhulelwa kwahlulwe zibe ziinxalenye ezintathu eziphambili, ezibizwa ngokuba yi -'trimesters' : i-trimesters yokuqala, eyesibini, neyesithathu. I-trimester nganye ineenyanga ezintathu, okanye malunga neeveki ezili-13.

Yintoni onokuyilindela kwikota nganye?

Ikota nganye yokukhulelwa yahlukile. Iimpawu ozifumanayo nazo zahlukile. Umzimba wakho (nomntwana) uyatshintsha kwaye ukhula kakhulu ngexesha lekota nganye yokukhulelwa. Khawuthelekelele, isibeleko sakho sikhula ukusuka kubukhulu belamuni ukuya kubukhulu bevatala!

Ikota yokuqala (ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezili-13)

Ikota yokuqala yokukhulelwa iphela xa uneeveki ezili-13 ukhulelwe. Bonana nogqirha kwangoko nje wakufumanisa ukuba ukhulelwe.

Nazi ezinye izinto onokuzilindela kwi-trimester yokuqala:

• Ndihlala ndiziva ndidiniwe.
• Ukucaphuka kwasekuseni (oku kunokwenzeka nangaliphi na ixesha lemini!)
• Intlungu yebele kunye nokudumba.
• Ukuziva ngathi utya ukutya okuthile kwaye uzive ucaphukile kwabanye ('Ukunqwenela ukutya okanye ukungafuni ukutya').
• Isitshiso sentliziyo.
• Ukuqhinwa.
• Ukutshintsha kweemvakalelo ngequbuliso.
• Intloko ebuhlungu.

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba uthathe i-vitamin ekhethekileyo yokukhulelwa. Baza kukunika noluhlu lwezinto ekufuneka uziphephe ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ezinye zezi ziquka:

• Iziselo ezinxilisayo.
• Iimveliso zecuba (ezifana neecuba).
• Iziyobisi (kuquka ne-marijuana). Ufanele uthethe nogqirha wakho malunga ne-marijuana yezonyango.
• Ukutya okunye: iimveliso zobisi ezingagayiwanga, intlanzi eluhlaza, intlanzi ene-mercury eninzi.

Ikota yesiBini (iiveki ezili-13 ukuya kwezingama-28)

I-trimester yesibini iqala kwiveki ye-13 ize iphele kwiveki yama-28.

Abafazi abaninzi ababenesicaphucaphu nokudinwa kwi-trimester yokuqala baziva bengcono kancinci kwi-trimester yesibini. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye zeempawu ze-trimester yokuqala zisenokubonakala ngeli xesha. Abafazi abaninzi baqala ukuziva intshukumo yomntwana ('intshukumo ye-fetus') kwi-trimester yesibini. Malunga neeveki ezili-17, uninzi lwabasetyhini lunyuke ubuncinane iikhilogram ezili-10.

Ezinye iimpawu onokuzilindela kwi-trimester yesibini:

• Iintlungu zomzimba, iintlungu zemisipha.
• Ukutyeba kwakho.
• Ukuba mnyama kolusu olunombala olujikeleze ingono (ii-areola).
• Ukubonakala komgca omnyama (`linea nigra`) ohamba embindini wesisu.
• Kuvela amabala amnyama eluswini.

Ikota yesithathu (iiveki ezingama-29 ukuya kwezingama-40)

Ngoku linqanaba lokugqibela! Ikota yesithathu iqala kwiiveki ezingama-29 ize iphele kwiiveki ezingama-40. Ungalindela iintlungu ezithile njengoko umntwana wakho (nesisu sakho) ziqhubeka zikhula. Uza kukhula kancinci njengoko umntwana wakho etyeba kakhulu ukuze ahlale efudumele emva kokuzalwa.

Nazi ezinye izinto onokuzilindela kwi-trimester yesithathu:

• Ukuziva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo.
• Intlungu yomqolo. (Oku kuqhelekile kuba umqolo uyaqina ngokwendalo njengoko isisu sikhula).
• Ukufuna ukuchama rhoqo.
• Ubunzima bokufumana indawo yokulala ekhululekileyo.
• I-Colostrum - uhlobo lokuqala lobisi lwebele - luvuza emabeleni.
• Ukukhanyisa . Oku kuthetha ukuba umntwana ulungele ukuzalwa kwaye uyehla aye esinqeni.
• Ukubonisa iimpawu zokubeleka . Umzekelo, ukuba nokufinyela okanye ukuphuma kwe-mucus plug.

Yintoni 'Ukukhulelwa Okupheleleyo'?

Oogqirha bathetha nangegama elithi "term" xa bethetha ngokukhulelwa. Ukukhulelwa kwexesha elizeleyo kukukhulelwa okuhlala phakathi kweeveki ezingama-39 kunye neentsuku ezi-0 (39w0d) kunye neeveki ezingama-40 kunye neentsuku ezi-6 (40w6d). Iintsana ezizalwe ngexesha elipheleleyo zinokuba sempilweni. Kukho amanye amagama asetyenziswa ngoogqirha:

• Ukuzalwa kwangethuba: Umntwana wakho uzalwa phakathi kweeveki ezingama-37 kunye neentsuku ezi-0 (37w0d) kunye neeveki ezingama-38 kunye neentsuku ezi-6 (38w6d).
• Ukuzalwa emva kwexesha: Umntwana wakho uzalwa phakathi kweeveki ezingama-41 kunye neentsuku ezi-0 (41w0d) kunye neeveki ezingama-41 kunye neentsuku ezi-6 (41w6d).
• Emva kokuzalwa: Umntwana wakho uzalwe emva kweeveki ezingama-42.

Luhlobo luni lonyango olufunekayo ngexesha lokukhulelwa?

Ukhathalelo lwangaphambi kokubeleka lubaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yakho nakwimpilo yomntwana wakho. Ngokuya kwiintlanganiso zakho zokukhulelwa rhoqo, ugqirha wakho unokujonga impilo yakho aze abone naziphi na iingxaki zokukhulelwa kwangethuba. Banokujonga nokuba umntwana wakho uyakhula njengoko kulindelekile na.

Nazi ezinye zezinto ugqirha wakho aza kuzenza:

• Uvavanyo lomzimba, uvavanyo lwamabele, uvavanyo lwesitho sangasese sowesifazane, okanye uvavanyo lwe-Pap (ukuba lixesha elifanelekileyo lokuba ulwenze) luya kwenziwa.
• Babuza ngeempawu zakho, indlela ophila ngayo, kunye nemikhwa yakho.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nobunzima bakho buyajongwa.
• Isantya sentliziyo yomntwana silinganiswa kusetyenziswa i-fetal Doppler.
• Ukujonga ukukhula komntwana wakho, ubungakanani besisu sakho ('ukuphakama kwe-fundal') kulinganiswa.
• Sithetha kwaye sicebisa ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lwangaphambi kokuzalwa olunokuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana usemngciphekweni wokufumana izifo zokuzalwa ezifana neDown syndrome.
• Kwenziwa umsebenzi wegazi ukujonga i-anemia kunye nesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa, kwaye amanqanaba eehomoni ayajongwa.
• Bajonga ukuba abanazo na izifo ezifana ne-syphilis kunye ne-HIV.
• Kuyenziwa ii-ultrasound scans. Kwixesha lokukhulelwa elinobungozi obukhulu, ii-ultrasound scans zihlala zenziwa kabini.
• Siza kuthetha nawe malunga nokubeleka, ukuzala, kunye nezinye iinkalo zokhathalelo lwakho.
• Ndiza kuphendula nawuphi na umbuzo onayo.

Ishedyuli yokuQeshwa kwangaphambi kokubeleka

Inani leetyelelo oza kuba nazo ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho liyahluka. Abafazi abaneengxaki ezithile zempilo okanye iingxaki banokufuna ukubona ugqirha wabo rhoqo. Ukuba ukukhulelwa kwakho kusempilweni kwaye akukho ngxaki, ugqirha wakho uya kukubona rhoqo:

• Rhoqo kwiiveki ezine ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezingama-28 zokukhulelwa.
• Rhoqo emva kweeveki ezimbini ukusuka kwiiveki ezingama-28 ukuya kwiiveki ezingama-36.
• Kanye ngeveki ukususela kwiiveki ezingama-36 de umntwana azalwe.

Ufanele ufumane ubunzima obungakanani ngexesha lokukhulelwa?

Akukho bungakanani obuchanekileyo koku, njengoko umzimba womntu wonke wahlukile. Uninzi loogqirha bacebisa ukuba umfazi okhulelweyo atyebe phakathi kweekhilogram ezingama-25 ukuya kwezingama-35 (malunga neekhilogram ezili-11 ukuya kwezili-16) .

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Ukukhulelwa lixesha lotshintsho oluninzi ebomini bakho, kwaye kunokuba nzima ngamanye amaxesha. Ungaziva uxubene novuyo, uloyiko, kunye nolindelo. Umzimba wakho udlula kwiinguqu ezininzi! Ngoko ke, kunokuba nzima ukwazi ukuba yintoni omawuyilindele kunye nento omawungayilindelanga. Kuqhelekile ukuba nemibuzo emininzi malunga nokuba wenze ntoni kwaye yintoni omawuyilindele ukuze ukhulelwe kakuhle.

Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza ngexesha lokukhulelwa kukubona ugqirha wakho ngexesha. Nguye oyena mthombo wakho ubalaseleyo njengoko ujongene notshintsho olukhulu ebomini bakho. Thetha naye ngayo nayiphi na inkxalabo okanye uloyiko onalo, kwaye uya kuziva ungcono kakhulu. Ungaze woyike ukubuza imibuzo!

Ndikunqwenelela impilo entle wena nomntwana wakho omncinci!

Ukukhulelwa , ukuzala, usana, umama, impilo, ikota yesithathu, ukhathalelo lwangaphambi kokukhulelwa