Singathetha nge-stenosis yemithambo yezintso?

Ngaba une-high blood pressure (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu)? Ngaba uziva ngathi unobunzima bokuyilawula nasemva kokuba uthathe amayeza amaninzi? Okanye ngaba ugqirha ukuxelele ukuba izintso zakho azisebenzi kakuhle ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo? Ngamanye amaxesha unobangela wezi ngxaki yimeko esingathethi kakhulu ngayo, kodwa ibaluleke kakhulu. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngayo. Oko kukuncitshiswa kwemithambo yegazi ekhokelela kwizintso, kwezonyango sibiza oku ngokuba yiRenal Artery Stenosis.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Renal Artery Stenosis?

Kulungile, masiqonde oku ngolu hlobo. Izintso ezimbini emzimbeni wethu zifana nezihluzo ezimbini. Umsebenzi ophambili wezintso kukucoca inkunkuma esemzimbeni egazini ize iyikhuphe njengomchamo. Ukuze zenze lo msebenzi ngokufanelekileyo, izintso kufuneka zifumane igazi elinomlinganiselo ofanelekileyo. Kukho imithambo yegazi emibini ephambili ethwala igazi lisuka entliziyweni yethu liye ezintsoni. Le siyibiza ngokuba yi-'Renal Arteries'.

I-Renal Artery Stenosis yimeko apho enye okanye zombini imithambo yegazi ethwala igazi ezintsoni incipha ngaphakathi. Kufana nombhobho wamanzi ovalwe luthuli. Xa imithambo yegazi ivalekile ngolu hlobo, izintso azifumani igazi ezilifunayo. Oku kunokubangela iingxaki ezimbini eziphambili:

1. Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu: Xa ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwizintso kwehla, izintso zicinga ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi emzimbeni wonke luyehla. Ngoko ke zikhupha iihomoni ukuzama ukwandisa uxinzelelo lwegazi emzimbeni. Oku kubangela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olunzima ukululawula.

2. Ukonakala kwezintso: Xa igazi lingaboneleli ngezondlo kunye neoksijini efunekayo ixesha elide, iiseli ezikwizintso ziqala ukonakala. Ukuba oku kuyaqhubeka, kunokuqhubekela phambili kwisifo sezintso esingapheliyo kwaye ekugqibeleni kukhokelele ekungasebenzini kwezintso.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yile meko?

Isizathu esiphambili sale meko yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -Atherosclerosis . Cinga ngombhobho wamanzi kwisinki yethu yasekhitshini. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, izinto ezifana neoyile kunye nothuli ziyanamathela kuyo kwaye zinamathele kumbhobho, akunjalo? Kwenzeka into efanayo ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yethu. Izinto ezingafunekiyo ezifana neoyile kunye ne-cholesterol ekutyeni esikutyayo ziyanamathela eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi njengeqhekeza. Siyibiza ngokuba yi-'plaque'. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, le plaque iyaqokelelana kwaye inciphise indawo ngaphakathi kwemithambo. Xa oku kusenzeka kwimithambo ethwala igazi ukuya kwizintso, kwenzeka i-Renal Artery Stenosis.

Ngoko ke, nantoni na enegalelo ekuphuhlisweni kwe-atherosclerosis ikwanyusa umngcipheko we-stenosis yemithambo yezintso. Masibone ukuba zeziphi ezo zinto.

Ukongeza kwi-atherosclerosis, esi sifo sinokubangelwa sisifo esingaqhelekanga esibizwa ngokuba yi-Fibromuscular Dysplasia . Oku kwenzeka xa iiseli ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi zikhula ngendlela engaqhelekanga, zinciphisa imithambo yegazi. Esi sifo sixhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini.

Zithini iimpawu? Wazi njani ukuba unayo?

Nantsi ingxaki enkulu. I-Renal Artery Stenosis ayibangeli zimpawu de ibe nzima kakhulu. Kuphela xa imithambo yegazi incipha kakhulu apho iingxaki ziqala khona. Iingxaki esithethe ngazo ngaphambili luxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso.

Njengoko ukusebenza kwezintso zakho kuncipha, unokufumana iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ukudumba kwiindawo zomzimba: ingakumbi imilenze, amaqatha, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ubuso (i-edema).
• Ukudinwa kunye nokozela: Usenokuziva udiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha ngenxa yokuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma emzimbeni.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla: Le meko inokubangelwa kukuqokelelana kolwelo emiphungeni.
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya, isicaphucaphu, kunye nokuhlanza.
• Ubunzima bokugxila, ukuphelelwa lithemba.
• Ukuchama rhoqo okanye okungakhawuleziyo.
• Utshintsho lolusu: Ulusu olomileyo, ukurhawuzelela, okanye ukuba mnyama kolusu.
• Ukuba mncane ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Intloko ebuhlungu rhoqo.
• Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha.

Ugqirha uyixilonga njani le meko?

Xa usiya kugqirha wakho, unokukukrokrela oku ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho kunye nezinto ezikubangela umngcipheko. Emva koko, banokwenza uvavanyo oluncinci ukuqinisekisa imeko.

1. Uvavanyo lomzimba: Ugqirha uza kulinganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi lakho. I-stethoscope iza kubekwa esiswini sakho, ngaphezulu nje kwezintso zakho, kwaye baza kumamela isandi esahlukileyo 'se-whoosh', esisandi segazi elidlula kumthambo oxinyiweyo.

2. Uvavanyo Lokusebenza Kwezintso: Iisampuli zegazi nomchamo ziyavavanywa ukuze kujongwe oku. Zikhangela amanqanaba aphezulu enkunkuma efana ne-creatinine kunye ne-urea egazini, kunye neeproteni kumchamo. Ezi zinokunika umbono wokuba izintso zonakele na.

3. Ii-Impression Scans: Le yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokufumanisa ngokuchanekileyo ukuba imithambo ivaliwe na.

• I-Duplex Ultrasound: Oku kusebenzisa amaza esandi ukuthatha imifanekiso yemithambo ethwala igazi izise ezintsoni, ukujonga indlela igazi elihamba ngayo kunye nokuba imithambo ivaliwe na.
• I-CT angiography (CTA): I-CT scan yenziwa ngokufaka idayi ekhethekileyo yokwahlulahlula emzimbeni. Oku kuvelisa imifanekiso ye-3D yemithambo yegazi kwaye kunokubona ngokucacileyo iindawo ezivalekileyo.
• I-MR Angiography (MRA): Oku kufana ne-CTA, kodwa kusebenzisa intsimi yemagnethi.

Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?

Unyango luxhomekeke ekubeni imithambo yegazi yakho ivalekile kangakanani, uhlobo lweempawu zakho, kunye nokuba umonakalo owenziwe kwizintso zakho ungakanani. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zonyango.

1. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila

Le sisiseko, kuba kubalulekile ukulawula unobangela oyintloko, i-atherosclerosis.

• Ukutya okunempilo: Gxila ekutyeni okunetyuwa encinci, iswekile, ioyile, kunye ne-cholesterol encinci. Faka iziqhamo, imifuno, iimbotyi, kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo ekutyeni kwakho.
• Ukuzilolonga rhoqo: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza umthambo olula, njengokuhamba ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku.
• Ukulawula ubunzima: Ukuba utyebile kakhulu, ukunciphisa umzimba kunokunceda ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwegazi, i-cholesterol, kunye nesifo seswekile.
• Ukuzikhwebula ngokupheleleyo ekutshayeni: Le yinto ekufuneka uyenze ngokuqinisekileyo.

2. Amayeza (iintlobo zamayeza)

Kunye notshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza aliqela.

• Amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi: Ii-ACE inhibitors kunye nee-ARB zezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu. Ezi zithintela iihomoni ezithintela imithambo yegazi. Amanye amayeza afana nee-beta-blockers kunye nee-calcium channel blockers nawo angasetyenziswa.
• Amayeza okwehlisa i-cholesterol: Udidi lwamayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-statins lunciphisa inqanaba le-cholesterol eyingozi egazini kwaye lulawula ukwakheka kwe-plaque.
• Iianticoagulants: Amayeza afana ne-aspirin ayanciphisa igazi kwaye enze kube lula ukuba igazi lihambe ngemithambo emincinci.
• I-Diuretics: Ezi zinceda ekunciphiseni uxinzelelo lwegazi ngokususa amanzi agqithisileyo kunye netyuwa emzimbeni ngomchamo.

3. Utyando okanye ezinye iinkqubo

Ukuba ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi kukhulu kangangokuba akunakulawulwa ngamayeza kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, okanye ukuba ukusebenza kwezintso kuyehla ngokukhawuleza, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando.

• I-Angioplasty kunye ne-Stenting: Olu lolona nyango luqhelekileyo. Kule nkqubo, ityhubhu encinci kakhulu (i-catheter) idluliselwa ngomthambo osemlenzeni okanye engalweni ukuya kumthambo wezintso ovalekileyo. Ibhaluni encinci ekupheleni kombhobho iyavuthelwa ukuze kwandiswe indawo evalekileyo. Emva koko, ityhubhu encinci efana ne-mesh (i-stent) ifakwa kumthambo ukuze ungavaleki kwakhona.
• I-Renal Artery Bypass: Njenge-heart bypass, le nkqubo ibandakanya ukudala indlela entsha yegazi yokudlula kwi-artery evalekileyo. Oku kubandakanya ukusebenzisa isiqwenga segazi esithathwe kwenye indawo yomzimba okanye kwityhubhu yokwenziwa.
• Utyando lwe-Renal Endarterectomy: Olu lutyando oluvula umthambo wegazi luze lususe i-plaque eqokelele ngaphakathi.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha ngoko nangoko?

Ukuba uyazi ukuba une-Renal Artery Stenosis, okanye ukuba unesifo sezintso, kwaye ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo , bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza okanye uye kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.

Le meko inokuba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyiqonda kwangethuba kwaye ulandele imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngononophelo. Ukuba wenza njalo, unganciphisa umonakalo kwizintso zakho kwaye uphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo.