Ngaba izintso zakho zinokuchaphazela uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi? Makhe sithethe ngeRenovascular Hypertension!

Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, okanye njengoko sonke sisazi, "uxinzelelo," yingxaki abantu abaninzi abajongene nayo kule mihla. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba ngamanye amaxesha izintso zakho nazo zinokuba ngunobangela wolu xinzelelo lwegazi luphezulu? Ewe, yinyani. Le meko yoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu eyenzeka kwizintso ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-`(Renovascular Hypertension)` okanye `(Renal Hypertension)`. Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha nangokulula namhlanje.

Kutheni oku kunyusa uxinzelelo kwizintso? (Yintoni iRenovascular Hypertension?)

Ngamafutshane, le meko yenzeka xa imithambo yegazi ephambili ehambisa igazi kwizintso zakho (esizibiza ngokuba yi-"Renal Arteries") ivalekile. Cinga ngayo njengombhobho wamanzi ovalekileyo, nto leyo enciphisa ukuhamba kwamanzi. Xa le mithambo yegazi ivalekile, inani legazi elifikelela kwizintso liyancipha.

Kwenzeka ntoni ke ngoko? Izintso ziyaqaphela ukuba azifumani igazi elaneleyo. Ukuphendula, izintso zivuselela inkqubo ekhethekileyo yeehomoni kunye nezinye izinto. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-`(RAAS - Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System)`. Xa le nkqubo ye-`(RAAS)` isebenza, inyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi lomzimba wonke. Kufana nokuba izintso zithumela umqondiso othi, "Asifumani igazi elaneleyo, yonyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi ngokukhawuleza!"

I-Renovascular Hypertension luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-secondary hypertension. Oko kukuthi, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olubangelwa yenye imeko yezonyango. Ngamanye amaxesha, lunokuba yimbangela yoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olunzima ukululawula nangona amayeza (resistant hypertension). Ngoko ke, ukwazi ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lwakho lunxulumene nezintso zakho kunokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba akufumanele unyango olufanelekileyo.

Zithini iimpawu zale meko? (Iimpawu ze-Renovascular Hypertension)

Ixesha elininzi, usenokungabi nazimpawu zithile kule meko `(ye-Renal Hypertension)`. Yiloo nto ithusayo kancinci. Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha baya kufumana izikhokelo ezithile kwimbali yakho yezonyango kunye novavanyo ukuze bakrokre ukuba le meko.

Nazi ezinye zeengcebiso ezinjalo:

• Ukuqala ngequbuliso koxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu ngaphambi kokuba ufikelele kwiminyaka engama-30 okanye emva kweminyaka engama-50. Cinga ngako, kuyamangalisa ukuba noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu emva kwexesha elide ngaphandle kweengxaki, ngaphambi nje kokuba kufike ixesha apho uxinzelelo lwegazi luhlala lukhula, akunjalo?
• Ukunyuka ngequbuliso koxinzelelo lwegazi obelulawulwa kakuhle ngaphambili. Usenokuba ubusebenzisa amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi iminyaka emininzi kwaye ebelawulwa kakuhle. Kodwa ukuba amayeza ayeka ukusebenza ngequbuliso kwaye uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi lunyuke ngequbuliso, yinto ekufuneka uyixhalabele.
• Uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi alwehli nangona usebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza okunciphisa uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi. Ukuba uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi alwehli nangona usela amayeza achazwe ngugqirha wakho, kusenokuba kukho esinye isizathu esibangela oku.
• Ukuba neengxaki ezininzi ze-hypertension. La ngamaxesha apho uxinzelelo lwegazi lunyuka ngequbuliso luye kwinqanaba eliyingozi.
• Kunokwenzeka ukudumba kwe-pulmonary ngequbuliso (i-flash pulmonary edema). Oku kunokubangela ubunzima bokuphefumla ngequbuliso.
• Ukuba nembali yokwakheka kwe-plaque kweminye imithambo yegazi emzimbeni, njengentliziyo, intamo, kunye nemilenze. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-atherosclerosis.
• Intlungu yesifuba yenzeka ngaphandle kokufakwa kwamafutha amaninzi kwimithambo yentliziyo.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso ngaphandle kwesizathu esaziwayo.
• Ingxolo iyenzeka xa ugqirha ebeka i-stethoscope esiswini sakho aze eve isandi esithi "swoo... swoo..." Esi sisandi esingaqhelekanga esenziwa xa igazi lihamba ngemithambo yegazi.

Khumbula, ezi ziimpawu ezirhanelwa ngoogqirha. Ukuba nje unenye okanye ezimbini kwezi akuthethi ukuba une-Renovascular Hypertension. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, kulungile ukubona ugqirha.

Yintoni ebangela oku? (Izizathu ze-Renovascular Hypertension)

Eyona nto ibangela le meko `(Renovascular Hypertension)` kukuncitshiswa kwemithambo yegazi ethwala igazi ukuya ezintsoni (Renal Artery Stenosis) . Kunokubakho izizathu ezininzi zokuncitshiswa kwemithambo yegazi:

1. I-Atherosclerosis: Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo. Njengokungcola nomhlwa oqokelelana ngaphakathi kwemibhobho yamanzi, i-cholesterol kunye namanye amafutha aqokelelana ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi, nto leyo enciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi. Oku kunokwenzeka ngokwaluphala, ngenxa yokutya okungafanelekileyo, isifo seswekile, kunye nokutshaya.

2. I-Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD): Le yimeko engaqhelekanga njenge-Atherosclerosis. Ibonakaliswa kukukhula okungaqhelekanga kweeseli zemisipha kunye nezicwili ezidityanisiweyo kwiindonga zemithambo yegazi, nto leyo enokubangela ukucutheka kwemithambo yegazi. Le meko ixhaphake kakhulu kubasetyhini abaselula.

Ukongeza kwezi zizathu zimbini ziphambili, kukho nezinye izizathu ezingaqhelekanga:

• Ukudumba kwemithambo yegazi (iVasculitis)
• I-Aneurysm yemithambo yezintso
• Uxinzelelo lwe-tumor kwi-kidney okanye kwi-renal artery
• I-Fibrosis ebangelwa lunyango lwemitha

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa yoku? (Iingxaki zeRenovascular Hypertension)

Naluphi na uhlobo loxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kuquka noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu oluvela kwimithambo yegazi, lunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezahlukeneyo ukuba alunyangwa ngokufanelekileyo. Okubaluleke kakhulu, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu oluhlala ixesha elide lunokonakalisa intliziyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba sisifo sentliziyo esinoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu .

Ukongeza, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olunganyangwanga lunokubangela iingxaki ezifana nezi:

• Isifo sezintso: Akumangalisi, akunjalo? Kuba ingxaki yaqala ngezintso, zinokonakala ngakumbi.
• Isifo seRetina: Ukonakala kwemithambo yegazi ebuthathaka emehlweni kunokubangela ukulahleka kokubona.
• Istroke
• Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo

Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukulawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi ngokufanelekileyo.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le meko?

Oogqirha abafumanisi isifo segazi esibizwa ngokuba yiRenovascular Hypertension ngovavanyo olunye kuphela. Bafikelela kwisigqibo ngokudibanisa iimpawu ezahlukeneyo, njengomcuphi. Ezi mpawu ziza kubo:

• Ngokukuhlola ngokwasemzimbeni: Umzekelo, izinto ezifana nesandi esithi 'Bruit' esikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili ozivayo nge-stethoscope esiswini sakho.
• Ngokuphonononga imbali yakho yezonyango: iinkcukacha ezifana nezigulo zangaphambili, izigulo zosapho, kunye namayeza owaselayo.
• Ngokwenza uvavanyo olukhethekileyo.

Nazi ezinye iintlobo zovavanyo onokuzenza:

• Uvavanyo lweGazi: Jonga izinto ezifana nokusebenza kwezintso kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol.
• Uvavanyo lomchamo: Jonga ukuba izinto ezifana neeproteni ziyakhutshwa na kwizintso.
• I-ultrasound yezintso kunye nezinye iimvavanyo ze-radiological ezibonisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwimithambo yegazi yezintso: Oku kungabonisa ubungakanani kunye nokuma kwezintso kunye nokuba imithambo yegazi ivaliwe na. I-scan ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-Doppler ultrasound inokulinganisa izinto ezifana nesantya sokuhamba kwegazi. Kusenokufuneka wenze iimvavanyo ezifana ne-CT Angiogram okanye i-MR Angiogram.
• Uvavanyo lwe-X-ray olubonisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, umzekelo, imithambo yegazi ye-carotid entanyeni: Oku kujonga iingxaki zemithambo yegazi kwezinye iindawo emzimbeni.

Inyangwa njani iRenovascular Hypertension?

Eyona njongo yonyango kukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi kwizintso zakho. Uninzi lwexesha , oku kunokulawulwa ngamayeza. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, inkqubo ekhethekileyo okanye utyando lunokucetyiswa ukuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi kwizintso zakho.

Amayeza

Eyona nto iphambili kukunciphisa uxinzelelo. Xa une-`(Renal Hypertension)`, ezi ntlobo zimbini zamayeza zinokuba luncedo kakhulu:

• Izithinteli ze-Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE)
• Ii-Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ii-ARB)

Omabini la mayeza asebenza kwinkqubo ethi ``(RAAS)`` ekhankanyiweyo ngaphambili. Oko kukuthi, alawula uxinzelelo lwegazi ngokunciphisa umsebenzi wenkqubo yehomoni enyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi.

Kunye ne-ACE inhibitor okanye i-ARB, ungadinga amanye amayeza. Umzekelo:

• I-``(Statins)`` yokunciphisa i-cholesterol
• ` (Ii-Calcium Channel Blockers)`
• I-Diuretics (ekwabizwa ngokuba "ziipilisi zamanzi")

Ugqirha uza kukuchazela ngqo ukuba loluphi unyango olufunayo, ngobungakanani, kwaye ngoba. Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza akho okanye utshintshe umthamo ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.

Iinkqubo

Ngamanye amaxesha, oogqirha bacebisa inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yiRenal Artery Angioplasty (ngamanye amaxesha ene-stenting) ukunyanga i-Renal Hypertension. Oku kwenziwa kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• Ukuba une `(Uxinzelelo lwegazi lwezintso)` ngenxa ye `(Uxinzelelo lwegazi lwe-Fibromuscular Dysplasia - FMD)`.
• Ukuba awukwazi ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi lakho ngamayeza odwa.
• Ukuba unesifo sentliziyo esibizwa ngokuba yi-congestive heart failure okanye i-pulmonary edema ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo.

I-Angioplasty ibandakanya ukufutha ibhaluni encinci kwimithambo yegazi evalekileyo, iwandise umthambo wegazi. Ngamanye amaxesha, kufakwa i-stent, ityhubhu encinci ye-mesh, ukuze kuthintelwe indawo ebanzi ukuba ingavaleki kwakhona.

Unyango olutsha oluvunyiweyo kutshanje lukuxinaniswa kwezintso . Le nkqubo isebenzisa amandla obushushu okanye e-ultrasound ukunciphisa umsebenzi weziphelo zemithambo-luvo kwimithambo-luvo yezintso. Oku kunokunceda ekunciphiseni uxinzelelo lwegazi.

Ngaphambi kokuba enze naluphi na utyando, ugqirha uza kukuchazela yonke into, kuquka izinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga, ixesha lokuchacha, njl. Ukuze ukwazi ukuqonda yonke into kakuhle kwaye wenze isigqibo.

Utyando

Utyando alukhuthazwa rhoqo kwi-Renal Hypertension. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -Surgical Renal Revascularization okanye i-Renal Bypass Surgery .

Kule nkqubo, ugqirha uthatha icandelo lomnye umthambo wegazi emzimbeni wakho, okanye ityhubhu yokwenziwa, aze alidibanise ne-aorta yakho kunye nezintso zakho. Oku kudala indlela entsha yokuba igazi lihambe liye kwizintso zakho, lidlule umthambo wezintso ovalekileyo. Kufana nokuthatha indlela eyahlukileyo xa indlela ivalekile.

Utyando lunobungozi obuncinci kune-angioplasty, ngoko oogqirha balusebenzisa kuphela kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo. Umzekelo:

• Ukuba une-anatomy entsonkothileyo yemithambo yezintso, oko kuthetha ukuba imithambo yakho ivalekile ngendlela eyenza kube nzima ukubeka i-stent.
• Ukuba iindlela ezikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili ze-``Minimally Invasive`` (ezifana ne-angioplasty) aziphumeleli.
• Ukuba kufuneka wenze utyando kwi-aorta yakho kufutshane nomthambo wezintso.

Ndifanele Ndimbone Nini Umboneleli Wam Wezempilo?

Wakuba ufunyenwe unale meko, ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba kufuneka ubuye kangaphi ukuza kumbona. Ezi ntlanganiso zokulandelela zibaluleke kakhulu kuba lixesha apho ugqirha wakho angenza oku kulandelayo:

• Jonga uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi ukuze ubone ukuba unyango luphumelele kangakanani.
• Jonga ukusebenza kwezintso zakho.
• Tshintsha isicwangciso sakho sonyango ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Kwakhona, ezi ntlanganiso zithuba elihle lokuba ubuze ugqirha imibuzo kwaye wabelane ngezinto ezikuxhalabisayo.

Ngaba I-Hypertension Yezintso Inganyangeka?

Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluhlaziyiweyo yimeko yoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olunokunyangwa. Oku kuthetha ukuba uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi lunokwehliswa luye kwinqanaba elisempilweni ngamayeza kunye nolunye unyango. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela okungakumbi malunga noko unokulindela ngokusekelwe kwimeko yakho.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthatha amayeza kanye njengoko ugqirha etshilo, nokulandela imiyalelo enikiweyo.

Ngokubanzi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunyamekela ezi zinto:

• Sela onke amayeza achazwe ngugqirha ngokuchanekileyo nangexesha elifanelekileyo.
• Landela icebiso likagqirha wakho malunga nokutya kunye nokuzilolonga. (Basenokucebisa isicwangciso esikhethekileyo sokutya esifana ne-DASH Diet. Oku kuthetha ukutya ukutya okunetyuwa encinci kunye neziqhamo kunye nemifuno eninzi.)
• Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nobungakanani bomsebenzi womzimba ofanelekileyo kuwe.

Wakuba ufunyaniswe uneRenovascular Hypertension, unokukwazi ukuchaza ezinye zeempawu oye wazifumana kutshanje. Mhlawumbi uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi luye lwanda ngequbuliso emva kokuba luqhelekile kangangeminyaka. Okanye mhlawumbi amayeza akho aqhelekileyo oxinzelelo lwegazi awakasebenzi.

Nokuba imeko yakho injani na, ukwazi indlela izintso zakho ezichaphazela ngayo uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi kunokunceda ugqirha wakho acebe unyango olufanelekileyo kuwe. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga namayeza akho okanye indlela yokulawula imeko yakho, qiniseka ukuba ubuza ugqirha wakho.

Umyalezo Omele Uwuthathe Ekhaya (Ezona Zinto Zibalulekileyo Okufanele Uzikhumbule)

Kulungile, masishwankathele ezinye zezinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule koko sithethe ngako:

• I-Renovascular Hypertension yimeko yoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olubangelwa kukuvaleka kwemithambo ethwala igazi izintso.
• Oku kusenokungabi nazimpawu zithile, kodwa oogqirha bayakurhanela ukuba kusekelwe kwizikhokelo ezithile.
• Izizathu eziphambili kukugcwala kwamafutha kwimithambo yegazi (i-Atherosclerosis) kunye ne-Fibromuscular Dysplasia (i-FMD).
• Oku kunokulawulwa ngamayeza. Ngamanye amaxesha, iinkqubo ezifana ne-"Angioplasty" zinokuba yimfuneko.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha ngokuchanekileyo nokubona ugqirha ngexesha.
• Le yimeko elawulekayo. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba ungoyiki uze ufune unyango olufanelekileyo.

Ukuba ucinga ukuba unengxaki efanayo, ungathandabuzi ukubona ugqirha uze ufumane ingcebiso. Hlala usempilweni!

"Uxinzelelo lwegazi lwezintso, Uxinzelelo lwegazi olubuyela kwimithambo yegazi, I-Renal Artery Stenosis, Uxinzelelo, Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, Isifo sezintso