Ingaba ithambo lakho laphukile kwiindawo ezimbini, kunye neqhekeza elahlulwe phakathi? Ngaba oko kukwaphuka kwecandelo? Makhe sithethe ngale nto!

Sonke siye safumana ukuwa okuncinci kunye nokukrweleka. Ngamanye amaxesha ukrweleka ingalo okanye umlenze, ngamanye amaxesha uvuvuka kancinci. Kodwa khawucinge, emva kwengozi enkulu, ithambo lakho laphukile kungekhona kwindawo enye, kodwa kwiindawo ezimbini ubuncinane , kwaye phakathi kwezo ndawo zimbini zaphukileyo, iqhekeza lethambo lahlulwe ngokupheleleyo kwezinye iindawo. Lolo hlobo lokuqhekeka kwethambo okukhulu esiza kuthetha ngalo namhlanje, olubizwa ngokuba kukuqhekeka kwecandelo . Eli gama livakala liyoyikisa kancinci, akunjalo? Kodwa ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula, ngokucacileyo, nangendlela onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni kanye kanye ukwaphuka kwecandelo?

Ngamafutshane, ukwaphuka kwecandelo kukuqhekeka kwiindawo ezimbini ubuncinane kwithambo elide emzimbeni wakho. Ezi qhekeko zimbini zibangela ukuba iqhekeza elincinci lethambo lahlulwe ngokupheleleyo kwezinye iindawo ezimbini eziphambili. Cinga ngako njengokuqhekeza iqhekeza lomthi kwiindawo ezimbini kwaye iqhekeza elincinci lomthi liya kuphuma embindini.

Olu hlobo lokwaphuka lunokwenzeka nakweyiphi na ithambo elide emzimbeni. Iindawo eziqhelekileyo zezi:

• I-Femur (ithambo elisuka esinqeni ukuya edolweni)
• I-Tibia (ithambo elingqindilili ngaphakathi komlenze, ukusuka edolweni ukuya eqatheni)
• I-Fibula (ithambo elincinci ngasemva komlenze, elihambelana nethambo lesifuba)
• Ithambo lengalo ephezulu (`iHumerus` - ithambo elisuka egxalabeni ukuya engqinibeni)
• Amathambo amabini ukusuka engqinibeni ukuya esihlahleni (`Irediyasi` kunye ne`Ulna` - amathambo engalo)
• Ithambo lekhola (iClavicle)

La ngamathambo aphambili anokuthi aphuke kakhulu.

Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu?

Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-"Segmental Fracture" ayiveli nje ngokuwa. Oku kudla ngokubangelwa ziingozi ezinkulu kakhulu ("serious traumas" . Cinga ngoku:

• Ingozi enkulu yemoto: ingozi yemoto, ingozi yebhayisekile.
• Ukuwa usuka kwindawo ephakamileyo kakhulu: Ukuba uwa usuka kwindawo ephakamileyo, njengasemthini, eluphahleni, okanye kwi-scaffolding.

Kuphela xa ithambo lichaphazeleka kakhulu kangangokuba linokwaphuka kwiindawo ezimbini, apho iqhekeza lizahlukana phakathi. Ngokwesiqhelo, ukwaphuka okwenzekayo xa sityibilika size siwa, okanye xa senza imisebenzi yasekhaya, akubi nzima kangaka. Ezi ziimeko ezinzulu kakhulu , kwaye zihlala zifuna utyando ukuze kulungiswe ithambo .

Ixesha elithathwayo ukuphola lixhomekeke ekubeni leliphi ithambo elaphukileyo kunye nokuba ingozi ibinzima kangakanani. Ngokwesiqhelo kunokuthatha malunga nonyaka ukuphola ngokupheleleyo .

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwezaphuko ze-`Segmental` kunye ne-`Comminuted`?

Omabini la magama asetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukuchaza uhlobo lokwaphuka. Omabini la magama ziintlobo ezinzulu zokwaphuka.

• Ukuqhekeka kwecandelo, njengoko sisandul’ ukuxoxa, kuxa ithambo liqhekeka kwiindawo ezimbini, kunye nenxalenye eyahlukana phakathi.
• Ukuqhekeka okuncinci kukwaphuka apho ithambo liqhekeka kwiindawo ezintathu nangaphezulu, oko kukuthi, libe ziingceba .

Ngoku uyaqonda, akunjalo? Ezinye izaphuko eziqhekekileyo zisenokuqhekeka (oko kuthetha ukuba isiqwenga esiqhekekileyo esiphakathini sisenokuqhekeka sibe ziingceba ezincinci), kwaye ezinye zisenokungaqhekeki.

Nangona kunjalo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ibizwa njani, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza emva kwengozi .

Ngubani onokuphuka ngolu hlobo? Kuxhaphake kangakanani oku?

Njengakwamanye amathambo aqhekekileyo, ukwaphuka kwecandelo kunokwenzeka nakubani na . Ngenxa yokuba ezi nzakala zenzeka ngamaxesha angalindelekanga, asinakukwazi ukuqikelela ukuba ziza kwenzeka nini okanye njani.

Nangona kunjalo, ezi azixhaphakanga kakhulu . Isizathu soku kukuba ayinguye wonke umntu ohlangabezana neengozi ezinkulu ezibangelwa zezi zinto kubomi bakhe bemihla ngemihla. Oko kukwayithamsanqa ngandlela thile.

Zithini iimpawu? Uzibona njani?

Ukuba uqhekeke inxalenye yethambo, usenokuba nezinye iimpawu ezinzulu ezinxulumene nengozi ebangele oko. Ezi mpawu ziya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwezinye iingozi onazo. Kodwa ngokubanzi, iimpawu zoqhekeke inxalenye yethambo zingabandakanya:

• Intlungu enzulu : Intlungu inokuba nzima ukuyinyamezela.
• Ukungakwazi ukuhambisa inxalenye yomzimba eqhele ukushukuma : Usenokungakwazi nokushukumisa ingalo okanye umlenze.
• Utshintsho kwinkangeleko yenxalenye yomzimba okanye intshukumo yayo : Ingalo okanye umlenze unokubonakala woluliwe okanye ubekwe ngendlela engaqhelekanga.
• Ithambo libonakala eluswini : Ngamanye amaxesha iziqwenga zamathambo eziphukileyo zinokubonakala eluswini. Oku kuyingozi kakhulu.
• Ukudumba : Indawo yokwenzakala ingadumba kakhulu.
• Ukugruzuka : Ulusu olukuloo ndawo lunokuba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka/mfusa.

Iikhefu Ezivulekileyo Nezivaliweyo

Ugqirha uza kuhlela ukwaphuka kwakho ngokuthi ``Ukuqhekeka Okuvulekileyo`` okanye ``Ukuqhekeka Okuvaliweyo`` .

• Ukuqhekeka okuvulekileyo kulapho ithambo eliphukileyo liphuma khona eluswini. Oku kuthatha ixesha elide ukuphola kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba kubangele usulelo kunye nezinye iingxaki .
• Ukuqhekeka okuvaliweyo nako kuyimeko embi kakhulu, kodwa ithambo alikaphumi eluswini.

Ugqirha uqinisekisa njani oku?

Ugqirha uza kuqinisekisa ukuba uneengozi eziqhekekileyo ngovavanyo lomzimba kunye novavanyo oluhlukeneyo lwemifanekiso . Ngamanye amaxesha, olu vavanyo lwenziwa apho ukuba ungeniswe kwigumbi longxamiseko (ER) emva kwengozi.

Ukuba uziswa kwigumbi longxamiseko, iqela lezonyango liya kusebenzisana ukuzinzisa imeko yakho kwaye likunyange ngokulandelelana kobunzima, ingakumbi ukuba ukwenzakala kwakho kusongela ubomi. Wakuba uzinzisiwe, kuya kwenziwa uvavanyo lomfanekiso ukuqinisekisa ukwaphuka.

Ziziphi iimvavanyo ezisetyenziswayo ukufumanisa esi sifo?

Ukuze ufumane umfanekiso ocacileyo wendlela owaphukile ngayo, kunokufuneka wenze olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi vavanyo:

• I-X-reyi: I-X-reyi inokuqinisekisa ukuba kukho ukwaphuka kwezicubu okanye ezinye izihlunu kunye nokuba bungakanani umonakalo owenziwe emathanjeni.
• I-Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa i-MRI ukuze afumane umfanekiso opheleleyo womonakalo owenzeka emathanjeni akho nakwizicwili ezijikelezileyo. Oku kunokukunceda ubone ngqo indlela umonakalo oye wayichaphazela ngayo izihlunu, izicwili ezidityanisiweyo, kunye namalungu ajikeleze amathambo akho.
• I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography scan): I-CT scan ivumela ugqirha okanye ugqirha ukuba afumane umfanekiso ocacileyo noneenkcukacha ngamathambo kunye nezicubu ezingqongileyo kune-X-ray.

Inyangwa njani? Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuze iphile?

Phantse zonke izaphuko zecandelo zinyangwa ngotyando. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zotyando zokulungelelanisa la mathambo aphukileyo. Indlela ugqirha wakho ayisebenzisayo iya kuxhomekeka ekwenzakaleni kwakho, ukuba ngawaphi amathambo aphukileyo, nokuba ngaba unezinye iingxaki emva kwengozi.

Ugqirha uza kulungelelanisa (ukulungisa) amathambo akho aphukileyo aze awalungise kunye . Kulapho aqala ukudibana, akhule, aze aphile. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa kusetyenziswa into ebizwa ngokuba yi-internal fixation . Oku kuthetha ukuba ugqirha ufaka iziqwenga zesinyithi ethanjeni lakho aze alibambe endaweni yalo de ithambo liphole. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-internal fixation:

• Iintonga: Yintonga yesinyithi efakwe embindini wethambo, ukusuka phezulu ukuya ezantsi.
• Iipleyiti kunye nezikrufu: Iipleyiti zesinyithi ezibekwa phezu kwethambo kwaye ziqiniswe ngezikrufu.
• Iiphini neengcingo: Iiphini neengcingo zisetyenziselwa ukubamba ndawonye iziqwenga ezincinci zamathambo ezingenakugcinwa zezinye izixhobo zokubopha. Ezi zihlala zisetyenziswa kunye neentonga okanye iipleyiti.

Abanye abantu baneenxalenye zesinyithi emizimbeni yabo ubomi babo bonke, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha banokufuna utyando olongezelelweyo ukuze zisuswe.

Ukulungiswa Kwangaphandle

Usenokufuna i-external fixation (`External Fixation`) . Oku kudla ngokuba sisisombululo sexeshana. Kwenziwa ukuze kugcinwe i-fracture izinzile de kube ezinye izingozi zakho zipholile. Ugqirha ufaka izikrufu ethanjeni ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho kumacala omabini e-fracture aze aqhagamshele izikrufu kwisakhelo (`brace okanye bracket`) esingaphandle komzimba wakho.

Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha bacebisa olu nyango lwangaphandle njengenyathelo lokuqala ngaphambi konyango olukhulu lwangaphakathi. Ukuba unezinye izinto ezininzi ezenzekileyo, kunokufuneka ulinde ixesha elithile ukuze umzimba wakho uphile ngokwaneleyo ukuze ukwazi ukujongana nonyango lwangaphakathi. Lukwasetyenziselwa ukuzinzisa ithambo ngelixa ukudumba ngaphakathi emzimbeni kuncipha.

Utyando lokwaphuka kwecandelo luyindlela yokunyanga ngaphandle kwesibhedlele . Oku kuthetha ukuba unokukwazi ukuya ekhaya ngaloo mini inye. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni kusenokwenzeka ukuba unezinye iingozi ezibangelwe lolu hlobo lokwaphuka, kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele ude uphile .

Emva kotyando, indawo yomzimba wakho apho ithambo eliphukileyo likhoyo iya kungasebenzi. Ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo ekuyo, kunokufuneka unxibe i-brace, i-splint, okanye i-cast . Oku kuya kufuneka ngaphambi kokuba uphinde ubeke ubunzima kwindawo leyo okanye uyisebenzise njengoko ubusenza ngaphambi kwengozi.

Ngawaphi amayeza asetyenziswa kunyango?

Ii-NSAID (Amayeza Angengo-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs), ezisetyenziswa rhoqo njengeentlungu, njenge-aspirin okanye i-ibuprofen, zinokubangela ukopha kunye nezinye iingxaki emva kotyando. Ngoko ke, ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba zeziphi amayeza onokuwasebenzisa ukunciphisa iintlungu emva kotyando.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingxaki ezinokubakho ngolu tyando?

Ewe, ezinye iingxaki zinokwenzeka emva kotyando lokwaphuka kwethambo. Ezinye zazo zezi:

• I-Acute Compartment Syndrome (ACS): Uxinzelelo oluphezulu ngaphakathi kwemisipha lunokuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwizicubu. Oku kunokubangela umonakalo ongapheliyo kwimisipha nakwimithambo-luvo.
• I-Malunion: Imeko apho amathambo aphukileyo angahambelani kakuhle njengoko ephola.
• Ukungadibani: Imeko apho amathambo angadibani ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokufanelekileyo.
• Usulelo lwethambo (`i-Osteomyelitis`): Ukuba ukhe waphuka ithambo (eliphumileyo apho ithambo lingene khona eluswini), usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana usulelo lwebhaktheriya.
• Eminye imonakalo yangaphakathi:Ukwaphuka kwamathambo kunokonakalisa izihlunu, imithambo-luvo, imithambo yegazi, imisipha, kunye nemisipha ejikeleze ukwenzakala.

Kwakhona, kukho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho zohlobo lwe-'NSAID' olukhankanyiweyo ngaphambili lwezithomalalisi-ntlungu:

• Ukopha
• Izilonda zesisu
• Intlungu yesisu
• Iingxaki zamathumbu

Yintoni endifanele ndiyilindele ngelixa ndichacha?

Kungathatha iiveki ezininzi ukuba iimpawu zakho ziphele. Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando olwenzileyo kunye nobungakanani bamathambo aphukileyo, unokukwazi ukuqala ukushukuma kwakhona kwiiveki ezimbalwa.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unentlungu ebuhlungu engapheziyo, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.

Ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho, kuya kufuneka unyango lomzimba . Oku kuthetha ukuba kuya kufuneka wenze umthambo okhethekileyo ukukunceda ufumane amandla kunye nomgama wokunyakaza kwilungu lomzimba elonzakeleyo. Olu nyango luya kuba yinxalenye yesicwangciso sakho sokuchacha ngokupheleleyo kwezinye izingozi zakho.

Uninzi lwamathambo aqhekekileyo athatha malunga nonyaka ukuphola . Ixesha elichanekileyo elithathwayo ukuze ithambo lakho liphole lixhomekeke kubukhulu bamathambo aqhekekileyo kunye nokuba unazo naziphi na ezinye iingxaki.

Usenokungakwazi ukuya emsebenzini okanye esikolweni ngeli xesha. Ixesha oza kulidinga ukuhlala kude nomsebenzi, esikolweni, nakwezinye izinto liza kuxhomekeka kukwenzakala okuthile kunye nokuphuka kwamathambo onawo. Qiniseka ukuba ubuza ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba wenze nayiphi na imisebenzi yomzimba ude uphile.

Singenza ntoni ukunciphisa iingozi ezinjalo?

Kunzima ukuthintela ngokupheleleyo iingozi ezinkulu kangaka. Kuba iingozi zenzeka xa singazilindelanga. Nangona kunjalo, singenza izinto ezinje ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengozi kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla:

• Nxiba ibhanti xa ukhwela iimoto. Nxiba isigcina-ntloko xa ukhwela iibhayisekile kunye neebhayisekile.
• Nxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela ezifanelekileyo xa udlala imidlalo neminye imisebenzi.
• Gcina ikhaya lakho nendawo osebenza kuyo icocekile kwaye ingenazo izinto ezinokubangela ukuba utyibilike uze uwe.
• Xa ufikelela kwinto ephezulu ekhayeni lakho, soloko usebenzisa izixhobo okanye iileli ezifanelekileyo. Ungaze ukhwele ezitulweni okanye etafileni ukuze ufikelele kwizinto.
• Landela indlela yokutya kunye nesicwangciso sokuzilolonga esinceda ukugcina impilo entle yamathambo.
• Ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-50 ubudala, okanye ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onesifo sokudumba kwamathambo, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga novavanyo lokuqina kwamathambo.

Ezi zizinto esinokuzenza. Kodwa khumbula, ukwaphuka kwezahlulo kudla ngokubangelwa ziingozi, ngoko ke kunzima kakhulu ukuzithintela ngokupheleleyo.

Ufanele uye nini esibhedlele ngoko nangoko?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba uphuke ithambo ngenxalenye ethile – okanye naluphi na olunye uphuke ithambo – kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Yiya kwigumbi longxamiseko ngokukhawuleza ukuba unezinye zezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Intlungu enzima kakhulu.
• Ukungakwazi ukushukumisa inxalenye yomzimba enokushukunyiswa ngokuqhelekileyo.
• Utshintsho kwinkangeleko yenxalenye yomzimba okanye intshukumo yayo ukusuka apho yayikhona.
• Ithambo libonakala ngesikhumba.
• Ukudumba.
• Kunye nezinye iimpawu, kuvela imivumbo emitsha.

Ingakumbi ukuba ukhe wehlelwa yingozi enkulu, yiya esibhedlele ngoko nangoko.

Imibuzo ebalulekileyo yokubuza ugqirha

Ukuba udibana nemeko efana nale, ungalibali ukubuza ugqirha wakho le mibuzo:

• Leliphi ithambo elaphukileyo?
• Luhlobo luni lotyando oluza kufuneka ndilwenze?
• Ngaba kuza kufuneka ndenze utyando olongezelelekileyo?
• Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphiliswa?

Okokugqibela, umyalezo oya ekhaya

Ukuqhekeka kwezahlulo zezahlulo zezona zingozi zinzima kakhulu . Ukulimala okubangela oku kunokuba yingozi ebomini. Eyona nto iyingozi kakhulu ngezi zingozi kukuba asinakuzilungiselela kwangaphambili.

Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba izinga lempumelelo yotyando lokulungisa ukwaphuka kwecandelo liphezulu kakhulu . Nangona ukuchacha kwingozi enkulu ngamanye amaxesha kunokubonakala kunzima, thatha uhambo lwakho lokuchacha inyathelo ngenyathelo, kwaye wonwabe ngayo yonke inkqubela oyenzayo endleleni. Ungaze ulahle ithemba. Ndikunqwenelela ukuchacha ngokukhawuleza!

Ukwaphuka kwamathambo , ukwaphuka kwamathambo, utyando lwamathambo, iingozi, ixesha lokuchacha, iingxaki zotyando, unyango lomzimba