Ngaba wakha wahlangabezana nale meko? Namhlanje uneentloko ezibuhlungu, ngomso uneentlungu zomqolo, ngosuku olulandelayo uneentlungu zesisu... Uhlala ubuyela umva ngesifo ngasinye. Uya koogqirha abaninzi kuzo zonke ezi zinto, wenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ezifana negazi, umchamo, iiskeni, njl. Kodwa akukho nanye kwezo ngxelo enokufumana unobangela omkhulu njengengxaki yakho. Nokuba ugqirha uthi, "Awunasifo sinzima," awunakukholelwa. Unexhala engqondweni yakho lokuba "Owu, ndinesifo esinzima." Uchitha uninzi losuku lwakho ucinga kwaye uxhalabile ngezi zifo zomzimba. Ngaba le meko ibe ngumqobo omkhulu kubomi bosapho lwakho, emsebenzini, nakwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla? Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uqaphele le meko yempilo yengqondo esithetha ngayo namhlanje, oko kukuthi, `(Somatic Symptom Disorder)`.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iSomatic Symptom Disorder (SSD)?
Le yimeko yempilo yengqondo entsonkothileyo. Ngamafutshane, kuxa umntu exakeke kakhulu, engaqhelekanga ngempawu zomzimba (ezifana nentlungu okanye ukudinwa) kwaye impendulo kuyo iphazamisana nobomi bemihla ngemihla.
Into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyiqonde apha kukuba ezi mpawu azingobuxoki. Oko kuthetha ukuba awuzenzi. Uziva ngokwenene loo ntlungu, loo nto ingakhululekanga. Kodwa ingxaki kukuba, impendulo yengqondo yakho kwezo mpawu igqithisile kakhulu.
Cinga ngale ndlela. Umntu uneentlungu zesisu eziqhelekileyo. Kodwa umntu one-SSD ucinga ngaloo ntlungu, "Owu, andazi ukuba ndinomhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu na." Emva koko baxhalaba ngayo imini yonke, baye koogqirha, baze bafumane uvavanyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, kusenokungabikho sizathu sicacileyo sezonyango sale mpawu zomzimba. Okanye, nokuba kukho imeko ethile yezonyango, uloyiko, ixhala, kunye nezenzo abazithathayo ngayo zingaphezulu kwamawaka ezihlandlo kunobunzima besifo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba abantu abanale meko badla ngokungazi ukuba banengxaki yempilo yengqondo. Bakholelwa ngokunyanisekileyo ukuba banesifo esinzima somzimba.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwale meko nezinye ezifanayo?
Ngamanye amaxesha le meko ingadidaniswa nezinye izifo zengqondo. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela la mahluko. Masijonge le theyibhile ukuze sikuqonde oku lula.
| Imeko yesifo | Eyona nto iphambili | Iimpawu zomzimba |
|---|---|---|
| Ingxaki yeSimpawu zeSomatic (SSD) | Ukukhathazeka kakhulu malunga nophawu lokwenyani lomzimba kunye nokuphazamiseka kobomi ngenxa yoko. | Ewe, ngokuqhelekileyo kukho uphawu olunye okanye ngaphezulu, olufana nentlungu nokudinwa. |
| Isifo Sokuxhalaba | Uloyiko olugqithisileyo lokuba nesifo okanye ukuba naso kwaye uhlale ucinga ngaso. | Akunjalo rhoqo. Aba bantu bayoyika izinto ezincinci ezingenazo iimpawu zomzimba. |
| Ingxaki yokuguquka | Ukuvela kweempawu ze-neurological (umz., ukulahlekelwa yimilenze ngequbuliso, ukulahlekelwa umbono) ngaphandle kwesizathu sezonyango. | Ewe, iimpawu ezinxulumene nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ziyenzeka. Kodwa ukuxhalaba kakhulu ngezo mpawu akuyonto iphambili kwesi sifo. |
Ngubani onokuthi abe nale meko?
Isifo seSomatic Symptom Disorder sinokuchaphazela abantwana, abantu abakwishumi elivisayo, kunye nabantu abadala, kwaye sinokuchaphazela nabani na. Nangona kunjalo, sidla ngokuqala ngaphambi kokuba sifikelele kwiminyaka engama-30. Izifundo zifumanise ukuba esi sifo sixhaphake ngokuphindwe kalishumi kwabasetyhini kunakwamadoda. Kuqikelelwa ukuba phakathi kwe-5% kunye ne-7% yabantu abadala banokuba nale meko.
Ziziphi iimpawu zeSomatic Symptom Disorder?
Iimpawu zoku zingahlulwa zibe ngamacandelo amabini. Enye ziimvakalelo zomzimba, enye ziimpendulo zengqondo nezokuziphatha kuzo.
1. Iimpawu zomzimba
Ezi zinokwahluka kakhulu, ukusuka kwezincinci ukuya kwezinzima.
- Intlungu: Olu lolona phawu luxhaphakileyo. Intlungu ingenzeka naphi na, njengentloko, umqolo, isisu, okanye amalungu omzimba.
- Ukudinwa nobuthathaka: Ukuziva udiniwe kakhulu ngaphandle kwesizathu.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla: Ukuziva ngathi awukwazi ukuphefumla (i-Dyspnea).
2. Iimpendulo kwezo mpawu (iingcinga, iimvakalelo, kunye nokuziphatha)
Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo yale meko: indlela umntu asabela ngayo kwiimpawu zakhe zomzimba.
| Ukuziphatha okanye ingcinga | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ixhala | Ukuhlala uziva uloyiko olugqithisileyo kunye nexhala malunga neempawu zabo zomzimba. |
| Ingcinga eyingozi | Nokuba unentloko ebuhlungu eqhelekileyo, ungacinga ngeyona nto imbi kakhulu, njengokuthi "Andazi ukuba ndinesifo somhlaza ebuchotsheni." |
| Ukungathembi iziphumo zovavanyo lwezonyango | Nangona ugqirha ezenzile iimvavanyo waza wathi, "Awunangxaki," usacinga ukuba, "Hayi, hayi, ugqirha akakwazanga ukufumana isigulo sam." |
| Ukutshintsha rhoqo oogqirha (Ukuthenga oogqirha) | Ukungayamkeli into ethethwa ngugqirha omnye, kodwa ukuya koogqirha abaninzi ngethemba lokufumana unyango lwesigulo sakho. |
| Ukuchitha ixesha elininzi kwimpilo | Ukuchitha uninzi losuku namandla akho uphanda, uthetha, kwaye uxhalabele isifo sakho. |
| Ukuxhomekeka kwabanye abantu | Ukucela rhoqo abanye ukuba bakuncede baze bakukhathalele, kwaye ucaphuke xa iimfuno zakho zingafezekiswa. |
| Ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza kwemihla ngemihla | Ezi ngcinga kunye neendlela zokuziphatha zenza kube nzima ukuya emsebenzini, ukwenza imisebenzi yasekhaya, okanye ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiincoko zoluntu. |
Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu zoku?
Akukho sizathu sinye sale nto. Abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba indibaniselwano yezinto zemfuza, ezingqongileyo, nezengqondo zidlala indima.
- Amava abuhlungu ngexesha lobuntwana: Izinto ezinje ngokuxhatshazwa ngokwasemzimbeni okanye ngokwesondo ngexesha lobuntwana zinokuba nempembelelo.
- Ukusilela kobukrelekrele beemvakalelo: Ukungafundi ukuchonga nokulawula iimvakalelo zakho (usizi, ulonwabo, umsindo) ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha lobuntwana. Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangelwa kukungakhathalelwa ngabazali okanye ukungabi naluthando. Ngamaxesha anjalo, umntwana usenokufunda ukuba ekuphela kwendlela yokufumana ingqalelo kukugula.
- Ukuxhalaba okugqithisileyo kunye nokoyika umzimba: Abanye abantu banomdla kakhulu kutshintsho emizimbeni yabo, nokuba ziintlungu ezincinci, besebancinci. Le meko inokuba yinto eqhelekileyo kubantu abanjalo.
Uyibona njani ngokuchanekileyo le nto njengesifo?
Inkqubo yokuchonga oku yahlukile kancinci.
1. Xa uqala ukuya kugqirha, uza kukuhlola aze acele igazi, umchamo, kunye novavanyo lweskeni ukuze abone ukuba kukho naziphi na ezinye iimeko zomzimba ezinokubangela iimpawu zakho.
2. Ukuba ezo mvavanyo azifumani sizathu sibalulekileyo seempawu zakho, okanye ukuba ugqirha wakho ucinga ukuba ixhala lakho lingaphezulu kakhulu kunobunzima besifo, unokukuthumela kwingcali yezempilo yengqondo (umz., ugqirha wengqondo).
Ugqirha wengqondo uza kuqinisekisa oku njengokuxilongwa ngokusekelwe kwiindlela ezimbalwa ezithile. Umntu kufuneka abe neempawu zomzimba eziphazamisana nobomi bemihla ngemihla kangangeenyanga ezingaphezu kwezi-6. Ukongeza, ubuncinane enye yezi zilandelayo kufuneka yenzeke ukuphendula ezo mpawu:
- Ukucinga ngokugqithisileyo nangokude malunga nobunzima beempawu.
- Ukuba nexhala elingapheliyo malunga nempilo okanye iimpawu.
- Ukuchitha ixesha elininzi kunye namandla okuxhalabela iimpawu zomzimba kunye neengxaki zempilo.
Abantu abanale meko badla ngokungafuni ukuvuma ukuba ixhala labo kunye noloyiko lwabo alulawuleki. Bahlala bevakalelwa kukuba uloyiko lwabo lufanelekile.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Injongo ephambili yokunyanga oku kukulawula iimpawu zomzimba ngelixa kunyangwa neengxaki zengqondo ezisisiseko. Iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zonyango zisetyenziselwa oku.
1. Unyango lwengqondo
Le yeyona ndlela ibalulekileyo yonyango. Unyango lokuziphatha kwengqondo (i-CBT) lusebenza kakhulu apha.
I-CBT isebenza ngokutshintsha iindlela zakho zokucinga, nto leyo ekuncedayo ukuba utshintshe iimvakalelo zakho kunye nokuziphatha kwakho. Ungalufumana olu nyango phantsi kwesikhokelo sengcali yezifo zengqondo okanye ingcali yezengqondo.
Indlela unyango lwe-CBT olunokukunceda ngayo:
- Indlela ocinga ngayo ngesifo sakho ikunceda uhlole iinkolelo zakho.
- Ifundisa iindlela zokunciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nokuxhalaba malunga neempawu.
- Kuyanceda ukuyeka ukucinga rhoqo ngeempawu zomzimba.
- Ikunceda ukuba ubone xa iimpawu zakho zisiba mandundu.
- Bakufundisa iindlela zokuhlala ungumntu oqhelekileyo kwaye ukhuthele, nokuba unentlungu okanye ezinye iimpawu.
- Ikunika amandla okwenza imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla kakuhle.
2. Amayeza
Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza. Amayeza okudakumba asebenza kakhulu. Ukongeza ekuphuculeni imo yengqondo, la mayeza afunyenwe enceda ukulawula iimpawu zomzimba ezifana neentlungu, ukudinwa, kunye nokungalali.
Iyintoni ikamva lale meko?
Isifo seSomatic Symptom Disorder sidla ngokuba yimeko ehlala ixesha elide (engapheliyo) . Oku kuthetha ukuba iimpawu zinokuhlala iinyanga okanye iminyaka. Zinokuncipha ngamanye amaxesha zize ziphinde zinyuke.
Izinto ezinokwenzeka ukuba azinyangwa:
- Ukungakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.
- Ukulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle emsebenzini.
- Ukuba nesifo sengqondo.
- Umgangatho wobomi ophantsi.
- Ukuxhomekeka kutywala neziyobisi.
Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ngonyango olufanelekileyo, abantu abaninzi banokuzilawula iimpawu zabo baze baphile ubomi obuhle.
Ufanele wenze ntoni?
Ukuba unale mpawu, kukho amanyathelo aliqela onokuwathatha ukuze uzincede.
- Khetha ugqirha othembekileyo: Gcina loo mntu njengogqirha wakho oyintloko. Yakha ubudlelwane obuhle, obunokuthembana naye. Oku kunokukunceda uphephe iimvavanyo kunye nonyango olungeyomfuneko.
- Bona ugqirha wakho rhoqo: Bona ugqirha wakho rhoqo ukuze uthethe ngeempawu zakho zomzimba kunye nendlela ohlangabezana ngayo nazo.
- Funa uncedo kumcebisi wezempilo yengqondo :Bonana nogqirha wengqondo okanye ingcali yezengqondo rhoqo ukuze ulawule iimpawu zakho zengqondo, ezinje ngokuxhalaba kakhulu kunye noloyiko.
Ukuba uneentloni kangangokuba awukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ngenxa yokoyika iimpawu zakho zomzimba, okanye ukuba uneempawu zokuxhalaba okanye ukudakumba, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Khumbula, iSomatic Symptom Disorder yimeko yempilo yengqondo. Njengakwesiphi na isifo sengqondo, ukufuna uncedo kwasekuqaleni kweempawu kunokunceda ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka ebomini bakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo seSomatic Symptom sisifo sokwenyani esizibonakalisa njengeempawu zomzimba zoxinzelelo lwengqondo.
- Intlungu okanye ukungakhululeki okuvayo kuyinyani. Akusiyonto nje yokuzenzisa okanye "ukugula kwengqondo."
- Ingxaki ephambili apha kukusabela kwakho ngokugqithisileyo kwezo mpawu (uloyiko olugqithisileyo, ixhala, kunye nokuziphatha).
- Oku akungobuthathaka. Kusenokuba kukho izizathu ezinzulu ezibangela oku , ezifana namava obuntwana.
- Le meko ingalawulwa ngempumelelo kakhulu nge-psychotherapy efana ne-CBT kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, amayeza. Ngoko ke thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
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