I-spleen sisitho esincinci, esilingana nenqindi esikwicala lasekhohlo lesisu sakho, ngaphezulu nje kweembambo zakho. Usenokuba awuzange uve ngayo, kodwa yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba. Ngamafutshane, umsebenzi ophambili we-spleen kukuvelisa iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezilwa nezifo, kunye nokucoca iiseli zegazi ezindala, ezonakeleyo. Ngoko ke, ukuba i-spleen ayikwazi ukwenza le misebenzi ngokufanelekileyo, nokuba kungenxa yengozi okanye ukugula, inokuba yingozi kwimpilo yakho. Kulapho oogqirha bagqiba kwelokuba basuse i-spleen ngotyando (spleenectomy).
Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuphila ngaphandle kwepleen?
Lo mbuzo usenokuba ufike nakuwe. Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo ungenzeka. Emva kokuba i-spleen isusiwe, uninzi lomsebenzi ewenzileyo luthathwa sisibindi sethu kunye nomongo wamathambo. Ngoko ke, akukho mqobo kuwe wokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo, obusempilweni, nobupheleleyo.
Kodwa kukho into enye. I-spleen lijoni elinamandla elilwa nezifo. Ngoko ke xa iphelile, amandla emizimba yethu okulwa nezifo aba buthathaka kancinci. Ngoko ke kufuneka silumke ngakumbi kunesiqhelo.
Oko kuthetha ukuba kufuneka silumke ngakumbi ngezinto ezifana nokufumana imijovo ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye siqaphele iimpawu zosulelo.
Kutheni kufuneka ususe le spleen?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba i-spleen ingasuswa. Ukususela kwingozi ukuya kwisifo esihlala ixesha elide, zininzi izizathu zoku. Makhe sijonge izizathu eziphambili.
| Isizathu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ispleen esiqhekekileyo | Le yeyona meko ixhaphakileyo. Khawuthelekelele ukuba ubetheke kakhulu kwicala lasekhohlo lesisu sakho, nokuba kungenxa yengozi yemoto, ukuwa kwindawo ephakamileyo, okanye ngelixa udlala imidlalo. Oku kungonakalisa i-spleen yakho kwaye kubangele ukopha ngaphakathi. Oku kunokuba yingozi ebomini kwaye kufuna utyando olukhawulezileyo. |
| Izifo Zegazi | I-spleen iyasuswa xa ezinye iindlela zonyango zingaphumeleli kwizifo ezithile ezinxulumene negazi. Imizekelo ibandakanya: Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP), iPolycythemia Vera, iThalassemia, iSickle Cell Anemia, kunye neAutoimmune Hemolytic Anemia. |
| Iintlobo zeMihlaza | Ukuba i-spleen iyakhula kwaye ibe buhlungu ngenxa yomhlaza ofana ne-Hodgkin Lymphoma kunye ne-Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, kunokufuneka isuswe. I-spleen ngamanye amaxesha isuswa ngexesha lotyando lomhlaza we-pancreatic. |
| I-Splenomegaly | Ukuba i-spleen ikhulisiwe ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo kwaye ibangela iimpawu ezifana neentlungu zesisu, i-spleen ingasuswa ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela kwaye kulawulwe iimpawu. |
| Iintsholongwane | Kunqabile kakhulu, ukuba into efana nethumba lenzeka ngaphakathi kwipleyini, kufuneka utyando ukuze lisuswe. |
Yintoni omele uyenze ngaphambi kotyando?
Ukuba olu tyando aluyonto ingxamisekileyo, kodwa lucwangcisiweyo, uya kuba nexesha lokulungiselela. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ezi zinto.
- Ukugonywa: Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Ekubeni umngcipheko wokufumana usulelo uphezulu emva kokuba i-spleen isusiwe, kubalulekile ukufumana izitofu ezifunekayo zokukhusela ezo sulelo kwiiveki ezimbalwa ngaphambi kotyando. Ngale ndlela, ukhuseleko lomzimba wakho luya kuba phezulu xa utyando lwenziwa.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya: Ukuba uyatshaya, ukuyeka ngaphambi kotyando kunokunceda kakhulu ukuba amanxeba akho aphole ngokukhawuleza.
- Uvavanyo lwezonyango: Ugqirha wakho uza kukuhlola, enze uvavanyo lwegazi, iiskeni, kunye nezinye iimvavanyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba umzimba wakho ukwimeko elungileyo yotyando.
- Eminye imiyalelo: Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika iingcebiso malunga nokuba uyeke nini ukutya nokusela ngosuku olungaphambi kotyando, kunye nokuba kufuneka uyeke okwethutyana ukuthatha amayeza athile, afana ne-blood thinners.
Lwenziwa njani utyando?
Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zotyando zokususa i-spleen. Kuzo zombini ezi ndlela, ufakwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia jikelele, ukuze ungeva nto kwaye ulele.
Utyando lweLaparoscopic
Le yindlela esetyenziswa kakhulu ngoku. Ikwabizwa ngokuba "lutyando lwe-keyhole." Endaweni yokwenza utyando olukhulu esiswini, utyando lwenziwa ngokusika okuncinci okuthathu okanye okune, apho kufakwa khona ikhamera (i-laparoscope) kunye nezixhobo zotyando ezithambileyo. Ugqirha wenza utyando ngelixa ebukele imifanekiso evela kwikhamera kwisikrini. Kule ndlela, ukusika kuncinci, ngoko ke akukho ntlungu ingako, kuphola ngokukhawuleza , kwaye ixesha lincinci esibhedlele.
Utyando Oluvulekileyo
Ukuba i-spleen inkulu kakhulu okanye yopha igazi ngendlela engalawulekiyo, kunokuba nzima ukuyisusa nge-laparoscopic. Kulapho oogqirha bakhetha ukwenza utyando oluvulekileyo. Oku kuquka ukwenza utyando olukhulu kancinci esiswini.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando?
Uza kukwazi ukuya ekhaya kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu ukuba wenze utyando lwe-laparoscopic, kwaye kwiintsuku ezintlanu ukuya kwezisixhenxe ukuba wenze utyando oluvulekileyo. Ngaphambi kokuba uye ekhaya, iqela lezonyango liza kukuchazela ngokweenkcukacha izinto ekufuneka uzinyamekele ngelixa uphila ngaphandle kwepleen.
- Ukufumana imigonyo efanelekileyo: Uza kunikwa ishedyuli ethile yokugonya. Ezi ziquka imigonyo yokulwa nePneumococcus, iMeningococcus, iHaemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), kunye nomgonyo wonyaka womkhuhlane kunye nomgonyo weCOVID. Kubalulekile ukufumana ezi migonyo ngexesha.
- Ii-antibiotics: Abanye abantu, ingakumbi abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala kunye nabo baneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka, banokunikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane imihla ngemihla. Ukongeza, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane angxamisekileyo omawuwathathe xa uneempawu zosulelo, ezifana nomkhuhlane okanye ukukhwehlela.
- Isazisi sezonyango: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uhlale uphethe ikhadi okanye isongo sesazisi sezonyango esichaza ukuba i-spleen yakho isusiwe. Oku kuya kuba luncedo olukhulu kwabo bakunyangayo xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.
- Xa uhamba: Ukuba uza kuhamba uhambo olude, ingakumbi kwindawo apho izifo ezifana nemalariya zixhaphake khona, bona ugqirha wakho kwiiveki ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba uhambe ukuze ufumane iingcebiso ezifanelekileyo kunye nokugonywa.
Izinto ekufuneka uziqaphele kunye nexesha lokufuna iingcebiso zonyango
Kumntu ongenaso isinqe, nokuba usulelo oluncinci lunokuba yingozi ngokukhawuleza. Ngoko ke ziqaphele ezi mpawu. Ezi zikwaziwa ngokuba "ziimpawu zeflegi ebomvu."
| Ukuba unale mpawu, yiya kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (ETU) elikufutshane ngoko nangoko! | |
|---|---|
| Umkhuhlane (ngaphezulu kwe-101°F / 38.5°C) | Ukungcangcazela ngenxa yokubanda |
| Ukuphuma kobovu obufana nobovu kwinxeba lotyando | Ububomvu kunye nokudumba okujikeleze inxeba |
| Ukukhohlela kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla | Intlungu ebuhlungu yesisu, isicaphucaphu, kunye nokuhlanza |
| Ukuba ulunywe sisilwanyana (ingakumbi inja, ikati) | Intlungu engapheziyo nangona usela iintlungu zokuphelisa iintlungu |
I-OPSI (Overwhelming Post-Splenectomy Infection) lusulelo olunzima oluvela emva kotyando. Oku kunokuba yingozi ebomini ukuba akunyangelwanga ngokukhawuleza. Ke ngoko , ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingasentla, musa ukuchitha ixesha kwaye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Splenectomy lutyando lokususa i-spleen. Nangona olu lutyando olukhulu, ungaphila ubomi obupheleleyo nobunempilo ngaphandle kwe-spleen.
- Ngaphandle kwepleen, amandla omzimba wakho okulwa nosulelo ayancipha kancinci. Ngoko ke ukuzikhusela kwiintsholongwane yeyona nto ibalulekileyo.
- Fumana zonke izitofu ezichazwe ngugqirha wakho ngexesha, ngaphandle kokuzishiya.
- Ukuba ubonakalisa naziphi na iimpawu zosulelo, ezinje ngomkhuhlane, ukubanda, okanye ukudumba kwenxeba, musa ukuzityeshela. Funa ingcebiso yezonyango ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe leNgxamiseko elikufutshane (ETU).
- Ngokulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo, unokuhlala ukhuselekile kwaye usempilweni.
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