Kuqhelekile ukuziva usoyika kwaye ukhathazekile xa ubona igama elithi 'SIL' okanye 'Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion' kwingxelo emva kovavanyo lwePap. Izinto ezifana nokuthi "Yintoni le? Ngaba ndinomhlaza?" zinokufika engqondweni ngoko nangoko. Kodwa ungoyiki. Phefumla nzulu kwaye uzole. I-SIL ayingomhlaza. Kodwa yinto ekufuneka siyiqaphele. Ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngokulula malunga nokuba yintoni i-SIL, kutheni ikhula, kunye nento ekufuneka yenziwe ngayo.
Kalula nje, yintoni le SIL?
I-SIL, okanye i-Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion , yimeko apho iiseli ezikumphezulu wolusu lomzimba wethu, ingakumbi iiseli ezikwiimembrane ezincinci ezigubungela amalungu athile, zikhula ngendlela eyahlukileyo kancinci, engaqhelekanga kancinci kuneqhelekileyo. Igama elithi "intraepithelial" ngokwalo lithetha ukuba olu tshintsho lukwimaleko yomphezulu wolusu/i-membrane kuphela , kwaye alungeni nzulu.
Cinga ngolusu lwethu njengodonga lwezitena olubekwe kakuhle. Kwi-SIL, kufana nokuba umqolo ophezulu wezitena kolu donga lwezitena utsaliwe kwaye unesimo esahlukileyo. Udonga lusenamandla, kodwa kukho umahluko omncinci kumaleko ongaphezulu.
Olu hlobo lotshintsho lweeseli lunokwenzeka kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba wethu. Ezona zixhaphakileyo zezi:
- Umlomo wesibeleko
- Ilungu lobufazi
- Indawo yangaphandle yesini (Vulva)
- Impundu
- Ipenisi
- Umva womqala wakho
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba i-SIL ayingomhlaza . Kodwa siyibiza ngokuba yi-precancer . Oko kuthetha ukuba ukuba asizinyangi kwaye singazinaki ezi nguqu zeeseli ixesha elide, kukho ithuba lokuba ziya kuba ngumhlaza kwixesha elizayo. Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kangaka ukuyifumanisa kwangethuba.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-SIL:
Oogqirha bajonga ezi seli zitshintshileyo phantsi kwe-microscope baze bahlule i-SIL ibe ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili, kuxhomekeke ekubeni zahluke kangakanani iiseli kwiiseli eziqhelekileyo.
| Uhlobo lwe-SIL | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-SIL ekumgangatho ophantsi (LSIL) (I-dysplasia ebuthathaka) | Olu lutshintsho oluncinci kwiiseli. Kufana nokhula olukhula egadini. Uninzi lwazo lunokulawulwa yinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba. Oko kuthetha ukuba zinokuba bhetele ngokwazo ngaphandle konyango. Umngcipheko wokuba zibe ngumhlaza uphantsi kakhulu. |
| I-SIL ekumgangatho ophezulu (i-HSIL) (I-dysplasia ephakathi/eqatha) | Kukho utshintsho olucacileyo nolubalulekileyo kwiiseli apha. Kumzekelo ofanayo ovela emyezweni, ezi zinkulu kancinci, njengokhula oluye lwahluma iingcambu lwaza lwahluma. Azinakwenzeka ukuba ziphile ngokwazo . Ngoko ke ukuze uzithintele ekubeni zibe ngumhlaza kwixesha elizayo, kufuneka wenze uhlobo oluthile lonyango . |
Yintoni esona sizathu siphambili sokuphuhliswa kwe-SIL?
Eyona nto iphambili neyona ixhaphakileyo ye-SIL yiHuman Papillomavirus , okanye i-HPV , isifo esidluliselwa ngesondo (STI). I-HPV ibangela malunga ne-90% yamatyala e-SIL.
Xa intsholongwane ye-HPV ingena emzimbeni wethu, ichaphazela iiseli ezithile, nto leyo ebangela ukuba zahlukane ngokukhawuleza nangendlela eyahlukileyo kunesiqhelo. Le yimbangela ye-SIL.
Kodwa nantsi into: Kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-100 ze-HPV.
- Ezinye iintlobo (umz. i-HPV 6, 11) zintlobo ezinobungozi obuphantsi. Ezi zinokubangela izinto ezifana neentsumpa zesini kunye neemeko ze-LSIL.
- Ezinye iintlobo (umz. i-HPV 16, 18) zithathwa njengeentlobo "ezinobungozi obukhulu". Ezi ntlobo zinobungozi obukhulu zinokubangela i-HSIL kunye nomhlaza.
Uninzi lwexesha, amajoni omzimba wethu anokulwa nosulelo lwe-HPV aze alususe emzimbeni kwiinyanga ezimbalwa okanye unyaka okanye emibini. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi iintlobo ezinobungozi obukhulu, zinokuqhubeka emzimbeni kwaye zibangele utshintsho kancinci kwiiseli kwiminyaka emininzi, nto leyo ekhokelela kwi-SIL.
Zithini iimpawu zale meko?
Enye yezona ngxaki zinkulu apha kukuba akukho zimpawu zithile ze-SIL . Abantu abaninzi bafumanisa ukuba le meko yenziwe nge-Pap smear okanye ngovavanyo lwe-gynecological ngesinye isizathu.
Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ezi mpawu zilandelayo zinokuvela. Ukuba uzibona ezi, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho.
Ngokuphathelele indawo yesini:
- Ukuphuma kwegazi okanye ukopha okungaqhelekanga kwilungu lobufazi (ingakumbi ngaphandle kokuya exesheni okanye emva kokwabelana ngesondo)
- Ukubonakala kwamaqhuqhuva okanye iintsumpa zesini
- Ukuvutha okanye ukurhawuzelela
- Intlungu
- Ububomvu bendawo
Ukuba i-SIL ivele ngasemva komqala:
- Intlungu yendlebe
- Ukurhawuzela kwelizwi
- Intlungu xa uginya into ethile
- Umphimbo obuhlungu ohlala ixesha elide
- Iindlala ezidumbileyo entanyeni
Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umfazi enze uvavanyo lwe-Pap smear rhoqo , nokuba akanazo iimpawu.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana i-SIL?
Nangona nabani na osulelekileyo yi-HPV enokuba ne-SIL, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu kancinci.
- Abantu abaneenkqubo zokuzikhusela zomzimba ezibuthathaka: Abantu abane-HIV, abo bafumene izitho zomzimba ezifakelweyo, okanye abo iinkqubo zabo zokuzikhusela zomzimba zibuthathaka ngenxa yezinye iimeko zonyango banengxaki yokulwa nentsholongwane ye-HPV.
- Abantu Abatshayayo: Iikhemikhali ezikwicuba zonakalisa iiseli zethu kwaye zenza buthathaka amasosha omzimba ethu, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima kubantu abatshayayo ukulawula usulelo lweHPV.
- Ukuziphatha ngokwesondo okungakhuselekanga: Ukuba namaqabane amaninzi okwabelana ngesondo kwaye ungasebenzisi iindlela zokuzikhusela ezifana neekhondom kwandisa umngcipheko wosulelo lwe-HPV.
Ugqirha uyixilonga njani i-SIL?
Kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi zokuxilonga i-SIL.
1. I-Pap Smear: Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo nolusetyenziswa rhoqo. Kolu vavanyo, kuthathwa isampulu encinci yeeseli kumlomo wesibeleko ize ihlolwe phantsi kwemakroskopu ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki. I-anal Pap smear ingasetyenziselwa ukubona i-SIL kwi-anus.
2. I-Colposcopy: Ukuba ingxelo yakho ye-Pap smear ibonisa i-SIL, ugqirha wakho uya kuyalela olu vavanyo. Oku kubandakanya ukusebenzisa ilensi ekhethekileyo yokukhulisa ebizwa ngokuba yi-colposcope ukujonga umlomo wesibeleko kunye nelungu lobufazi. Ukuba kukho into engaqhelekanga, inokubonwa ngokucacileyo.
3. I-Biopsy: Ukuba ugqirha ubona nayiphi na indawo ekrokrisayo ngexesha le-colposcopy, iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesicwili liyasuswa lize lithunyelwe kwilebhu ukuze livavanywe. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-biopsy. Oku kuchaza ukuba ingaba yi-SIL, i-LSIL, i-HSIL, okanye yinto enzulu ngakumbi.
Kuthetha ukuthini ukuthi 'I-Negative for squamous intraepithelial lesion'?
Ukuba ingxelo yakho ye-Pap smear ithi ``(NILM - Negative for Intraepithelial Lesion or Malignancy)``, ezo ziindaba ezimnandi. Oku kuthetha ukuba akukho ziphazamiso okanye iimpawu zomhlaza ezifunyenweyo kwiiseli zakho zomlomo wesibeleko. Kodwa nokuba esi siphumo silungile, kubalulekile ukulandela ugqirha wakho ngamaxesha acetyiswayo.Kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokwenza uvavanyo lwe-Pap smear.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-SIL?
Indlela yonyango ixhomekeke ekubeni une-LSIL okanye i-HSIL, apho ikhoyo, kunye neminyaka yakho kunye nempilo yakho.
- Kwi-LSIL: Uninzi lweemeko ze-LSIL, ingakumbi kubasetyhini abancinci, ziyaphela ngokwazo ngaphandle konyango. Ngoko ke ugqirha wakho uhlala elandela indlela "yokulinda ngononophelo". Oko kuthetha ukuba kufuneka wenze i-Pap smear rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kunyaka ukuze kubonwe ukuba utshintsho lweseli luya lusiba mandundu okanye luyaphucuka.
- Kwi-HSIL: I-HSIL idla ngokufuna unyango kuba inobungozi obukhulu bokukhula ibe ngumhlaza kune-LSIL. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango:
| Indlela yonyango | Indlela yokwenza oko |
|---|---|
| Unyango lwezihloko | Kwezinye iimeko, kusetyenziswa ikhrimu kwindawo apho kukho iiseli ezingaqhelekanga. Ezi zibulala iiseli ezingaqhelekanga okanye zivuselele inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. |
| Unyango lweCryotherapy | Into ebanda kakhulu, efana ne-nitrogen engamanzi, isetyenziselwa ukukhenkceza nokutshabalalisa izicubu ezineeseli ezingaqhelekanga. |
| Unyango lwe-laser | Umqadi welaser onamandla uqondiswe ekutshiseni nasekususeni izicubu ezingaqhelekanga. |
| Utyando olukhethekileyo | Le yeyona ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu. I-LEEP (iLoop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure) okanye iCone Biopsy yeHSIL yomlomo wesibelekoNgeendlela ezinje, kuphela inxalenye eneeseli ezingaqhelekanga esikwa ngendlela yekhowuni ize isuswe. |
Ingaba lithini ithuba lokufumana umhlaza ukuba une-HSIL?
Olu loyikiso olukhulu kubantu abaninzi. Ukuba nje ingxelo ithi i-HSIL ayithethi ukuba unomhlaza. Kuthetha nje ukuba kukho iiseli ezithile ezinokuguquka zibe ngumhlaza.
Ngokophando, ukuba azinyangwa, iimeko ze-HSIL zinethuba elincinci le-2% lokuba zibe ngumhlaza. Kodwa akukho mntu unokutsho ukuba kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba oko kwenzeke. Kungathatha iminyaka eli-10, kungathatha iinyanga ezili-10.
Yiyo loo nto singazithathi naziphi na iingozi, kwaye kwangoko nje ukuba siqinisekiswe ukuba sine-HSIL, sizisusa ezo seli zingaqhelekanga ngonyango olufanelekileyo olucetyiswe ngugqirha. Ngokwenza njalo, sinokuyithintela ngokupheleleyo ingozi yokuba nomhlaza.
Ngaba i-SIL ingathintelwa?
Eyona ndlela ilungileyo nesebenzayo yokuthintela i-SIL kukuphepha ukosulelwa yintsholongwane ye-HPV, eyimbangela yayo ephambili.
1. Fumana i-HPV Vaccine: Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. I-HPV vaccine ikhusela kwi-90% yeentlobo eziphambili ze-HPV ezibangela umhlaza kunye ne-SIL. Ukufumana le vaccine kwiminyaka efanelekileyo (ngesiqhelo kumantombazana namakhwenkwe aphakathi kweminyaka eyi-9-14) kunokunciphisa kakhulu iingozi ezizayo. Ukuba ungaphezulu kwaloo minyaka, buza ugqirha wakho ukuba le vaccine ifanelekile na kwiminyaka yakho.
2. Isondo esikhuselekileyo: Ukusebenzisa iikhondom ngokuchanekileyo ngalo lonke ixesha xa usabelana ngesondo kunokukukhusela kwizifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo, kuquka ne-HPV.
3. Ukunciphisa amaqabane esondo: Umngcipheko wosulelo lwe-HPV uyanda ngenani lamaqabane.
4. Yenza i-Pap smears ngexesha: Nokuba awunazo iimpawu, yenza i-Pap smear ngamaxesha athile acetyiswa ngugqirha wakho, kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yakho kunye nomngcipheko wakho. Ukuba kukho naluphi na utshintsho, lunokubonwa kwinqanaba le-LSIL ngaphambi kokuba luqhubekele kwimeko embi kakhulu njenge-HSIL.
Kuqhelekile ukuba woyike xa uxilongwa ukuba une-SIL. Kodwa ayisosiphelo sehlabathi. Sisilumkiso somzimba wakho, esithi, "Nantsi into encinci, masiyiqwalasele le nto." Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho kwaye umamele intsingiselo yengxelo. Cacisa ngento omawuyenze ngokulandelayo. Ukuba ifunyenwe kwangethuba kwaye inyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, le yimeko enokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-SIL (Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion) ayilomhlaza . Yimeko engaphambi komhlaza enokuthi ikhule ibe ngumhlaza.
- Eyona nto ibangela oku yintsholongwane ye-HPV edluliselwa ngesondo.
- Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-SIL: i-LSIL (utshintsho oluncinci, oluhlala luziphelela ) kunye ne-HSIL (utshintsho oluphezulu, olufuna unyango).
- I-SIL idla ngokungabi nazimpawu, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uvavanyo lwe-Pap lwenziwe ngexesha.
- Nokuba i-HSIL ikhona, ukufunyanwa kwangoko kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo (umz., i-LEEP) kunokuthintela phantse ngokupheleleyo ukukhula komhlaza.
- Ukufumana isitofu se-HPV kunye nokwenza isondo esikhuselekileyo zezona ndlela zilungileyo zokuthintela i-SIL.
- Ukuba unenkxalabo okanye amathandabuzo malunga nengxelo yakho, cela ugqirha wakho akucacisele.
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