Ukukhulelwa lixesha elikhethekileyo nelinika ithemba ebomini bomfazi ngamnye. Kodwa ngeli xesha, kufuneka sicinge kabini ngempilo yethu kunye neyomntwana osesiswini sethu. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesihloko abantu abaninzi abangafuni ukuthetha ngaso, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo kufanelekile ukusiqaphela. Oko kukuthi, izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo ezinokufunyanwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa, okanye ii-STD njengoko sonke sizazi. Ngaphambi kokuba soyike oku, masifumane inyani ngqo.
Ngamafutshane, zithini ezi zifo zidluliselwa ngesondo (STDs)?
Izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (STDs) zizifo ezidluliselwa komnye umntu ukuya komnye ngokunxibelelana ngesondo. Zinokusasazeka ngezenzo zesondo ezibandakanya amalungu esini, umlomo, okanye i-rectum.
Nokuba ukhulelwe okanye awukhulelwe, ezi meko zinzima kakhulu kwaye zifuna unyango. Kodwa ukuba ukhulelwe, awungowedwa osengozini. Ezi zifo zinokubangela ingozi enkulu kumntwana wakho ongekazalwa.
Ngokwesiqhelo, ngexesha lotyelelo lwakho lokuqala ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, ugqirha wakho uya kukuvavanya ezinye zezi meko. Kodwa ukuba uneengcinga ezincinci zokuba unayo, ungathandabuzi ukuxelela ugqirha wakho. Ukuqala unyango kwangethuba yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela wena nomntwana wakho.
Zithini iimpawu ze-STD?
Ngamanye amaxesha ezi zifo azibonisi zimpawu. Yiyo loo nto yoyikekayo. Kodwa ukuba iimpawu ziyabonakala, zingabonakala ngolu hlobo.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Utshintsho lolusu | Ukubonakala kwamaqhuma, izilonda, okanye iintsumpa emlonyeni, empundu, kwilungu lobufazi, okanye kwilungu lobudoda. |
| Ukudumba kunye nokubomvu | Ukudumba okanye ukubomvu okujikeleze amalungu esini. |
| Ubunzima bokuchama | Ukutsha okanye intlungu xa uchama. |
| Ukukhutshwa | Ukukhupha okungaqhelekanga kwilungu lobufazi okanye kwilungu lobudoda (mhlawumbi okunevumba elibi). |
| Ukopha okungaqhelekanga | Ukopha kwamalungu esini xa kungekuko ukuya exesheni ngenyanga. |
| Ukurhawuzelela okukhulu | Ukurhawuzelela okunganyamezelekiyo kwindawo yesini. |
| Ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo | Iintlungu zomzimba, umkhuhlane, ukubanda, ukwehla kobunzima, urhudo, ukutyheli kolusu (i-jaundice). |
Ezi zifo zichaphazela njani ukukhulelwa kunye nomntwana?
Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Isifo ngasinye se-STD sichaphazela ukukhulelwa kunye nomntwana ngokwahlukileyo. Masiyijonge ngokucacileyo.
| Igama lesifo | Impembelelo kunye nonyango |
|---|---|
| I-HIV/AIDS | Impembelelo: Ngamayeza aphucukileyo anamhlanje, ukosulelwa kwe-HIV ukusuka kumama ukuya emntwaneni kunokuthintelwa kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukosulelwa kuyenzeka, umntwana unokosulelwa yi-HIV . Unyango: Ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngaphambi kokukhulelwa kunye nokuthatha amayeza afanelekileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokudlulisela esi sifo emntwaneni. |
| I-Herpes | Impembelelo: Ukuba umama unezilonda ze-herpes zesini ezikhutheleyo ngexesha lokuzalwa, kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuba umntwana osulelekileyo angosuleleki. Oku kunokubangela umonakalo emehlweni nakwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo yomntwana. Kunokuba yingozi nakubomi bakhe. Unyango: Ukuba izilonda ze-herpes ziyasebenza ngexesha lokubeleka , oogqirha badla ngokucebisa ukuba umntwana abelekwe ngotyando (C-section) ukuthintela ukosuleleka komntwana. Kunikwa iipilisi zokulwa nentsholongwane. |
| I-Gonorrhea | Impembelelo: Ukuba ayinyangwa, inyusa umngcipheko wokuphuma kwesisu okanye ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha. Ukuba usulelo ludluliselwa ngexesha lokuzalwa, umntwana unokuba yimfama, abe nosulelo lwamalungu, okanye abe nosulelo lwegazi olusongela ubomi. Unyango: Inganyangeka ngokupheleleyo ngee-antibiotics. Ekubeni inokubakho nangona ingenazo iimpawu, bonke abantwana banikwa i-eye drop xa bezalwa ukuthintela usulelo. |
| I-HPV (Iintsholongwane zesini) | Iziphumo: Iintsumpa zesini zingakhula ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngenxa yotshintsho lweehomoni. Ukuba ziba nkulu ngokwaneleyo ukuphazamisana nokuzala, kunokufuneka ukuba kwenziwe utyando lwe-C-section. Unyango: Unyango ludla ngokwenziwa emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe. Utyando okanye ezinye iindlela zisetyenziselwa ukususa iintsumpa. |
| I-Chlamydia | Impembelelo: Iyandisa umngcipheko wokuphuma kwesisu kunye nokuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha. Ukuba umntwana unentsholongwane, inokubangela usulelo olukhulu lwamehlo kunye ne-pneumonia. Unyango: Umama unyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane . Emva konyango, kufuneka aphinde ahlolwe kwakhona kwiinyanga ezi-3 ukuze kubonwe ukuba isifo siphelile ngokupheleleyo na. |
| I-Syphilis | Impembelelo: Oku kuyingozi kakhulu. Esi sifo sinokudluliselwa ngokulula kumntwana nge-placenta. Sinokubangela nokufa komntwana. Abantwana abasindayo banokuba neengxaki ezinkulu ngengqondo, amehlo, iindlebe, intliziyo, ulusu, amazinyo kunye namathambo. Unyango: Ukunika umntwana amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunokuthintela umntwana ekufumaneni esi sifo kwaye kunyange ukugula kukamama. |
| I-Hepatitis B | Impembelelo: Ukuba umama unesi sifo, kukho umngcipheko we-40% wokuba nomntwana uya kosulelwa. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, umntwana uya kuba ngumthwali wesifo ubomi bakhe bonke kwaye usenokuphathwa sisifo sesibindi. Unyango: Ngethamsanqa, oku kungathintelwa ngokufunyanwa kwangoko kunye nogonyo lwe-hepatitis B. Ugonyo (ii-antibodies) olunikwa umntwana ekuzalweni luthintela ukuba usulelo lungadluli ukusuka kumama ukuya kumntwana. |
| I-Trichomoniasis | Iziphumo: Ukuphuma kolwelo olumthubi-luhlaza. Kunyusa umngcipheko wokuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha. Amaxesha amaninzi, umntwana unokosulelwa. Unyango: Inganyangeka ngamayeza. Kubalulekile ukuba iqabane lakho linyangwe ngaxeshanye. Oku kubalulekile ukuthintela ukosuleleka kwakhona. |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba unikwa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukunyanga isifo sentliziyo esidluliselwa ngesondo, kufuneka uwasebenzise onke amayeza, nokuba awusenazo iimpawu. Ungaze usebenzise amayeza omnye umntu okanye wabelane ngamayeza akho nomnye umntu.
Ungazikhusela njani kwizifo ezinjalo?
Kukho amanyathelo ambalwa alula onokuwathatha ukuze uzikhusele kwezi zifo.
- Isondo esikhuselekileyo: Sebenzisa ikhondom yelatex rhoqo, ingakumbi ukuba unamaqabane angaphezu kwelinye.
- Ukubeka umda kumaqabane: Okukhona unamaqabane amaninzi esondo, kokukhona umngcipheko wakho wokufumana isifo uphezulu.
- Ukuthandana nomntu omnye: Ukuba, njengawe, iqabane lakho lilala nawe kuphela, umngcipheko uphantsi kakhulu.
- Ukunyamekela iqabane lakho: Kuphephe ukulala nomntu obonakala eneempawu okanye onamaqabane amaninzi.
- Ukuphepha utywala neziyobisi: Xa usebenzisa utywala okanye iziyobisi, kunokwenzeka ukuba ungalandeli iindlela ezikhuselekileyo. Ezi ziyingozi kakhulu kumntwana osesibelekweni.
- Vavanywa: Ukuba unesifo, musa ukusidlulisela kwiqabane lakho okanye kumntwana wakho. Ukuvavanywa kwangethuba xa ukhulelwe akuthethi ukuba awuyi kuhlaselwa sisifo kamva. Ngoko ke ukuba ubusenza izinto ezinobungozi, phinda uvavanye.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (STDs) zixhalabisa kakhulu impilo, ingakumbi ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
- Ukuba uneempawu okanye izinto ezikuxhalabisayo, ungabi nantloni okanye ungoyiki ukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngaloo nto.
- Ukufunyanwa kwangoko kunye nonyango olukhawulezileyo zezona ndlela zibalaseleyo zokuzikhusela wena kunye nomntwana wakho.
- Ukuba uqinisekisiwe ukuba unesifo, kubalulekile ukuba iqabane lakho nalo livavanywe kwaye linyangwe ukuba kuyimfuneko. Ngaphandle koko, unokosulelwa kwakhona.
- Uninzi lwezi zifo lunokuthintelwa ngokwenza isondo esikhuselekileyo.
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