Ngaba unesifo sentliziyo esibangelwa kukwakheka kwesakhiwo? (Isifo seNtliziyo esibangelwa kukwakheka kwesakhiwo) - Masithethe ngale nto ngokulula!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva uxinezelekile esifubeni sakho, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye ukudinwa nje? Emva kwezi zinto, kunokubakho utshintsho okanye ubuthathaka kwisakhiwo sentliziyo, oko kukuthi, ukuma kwentliziyo, iindonga, iivalvu, okanye izihlunu. Namhlanje sithetha ngeengxaki ezithile kwisakhiwo sentliziyo, ezibizwa ngoogqirha ngokuthi `(Isifo seNtliziyo yoLwakhiwo)`. Oku kungaba yinto ezalwa nayo, okanye inokukhula kamva xa ikhula. Ukuba ayinyangwa kakuhle, ezinye iingxaki zempilo zinokuvela ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Ngoko ke yintoni esi sifo sentliziyo esisesimeni?

Ngamafutshane, `(Isifo seNtliziyo yoLwakhiwo)` sithetha ukuba kukho into engaqhelekanga kwisakhiwo sentliziyo yakho, oko kukuthi, imo yentliziyo, iindonga zayo, amagumbi, iivalvu, okanye izihlunu zentliziyo. Le yingongoma ebanzi kakhulu. Khawucinge nje, ukuba iindonga, iingcango, kunye neefestile zendlu yethu azilungelelananga, loo ndlu ayizukusebenza kakuhle. Kunjalo nangentliziyo.

Ziziphi ezi ntlobo zezifo zentliziyo?

Singazahlula ezi meko zibe ziindidi ezintathu eziphambili. Cinga ngayo, intliziyo yethu sisitho esimangalisayo. Inamalungu ahlukeneyo, onke afuna ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo.

• Isifo sevalvu yentliziyo: Ubusazi na ukuba intliziyo yethu inevalvu ezine? Ezi zifana neengcango ezilawula ukuhamba kwegazi - zivumela igazi ukuba lihambe kwicala elinye kuphela. Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho ingxaki ngezi valve, umzekelo, ivalvu engavuli kakuhle (stenosis) okanye ivalvu engavali kakuhle (i-valvu yokubuyela kwevalvu), oko kubizwa ngokuba sisifo sevalvu yentliziyo.
• I-Cardiomyopathy: Oku kwenzeka xa izihlunu zentliziyo zibuthathaka, ziqina, okanye zikhula. Xa oku kusenzeka, intliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi ngokufanelekileyo. Cinga ngako njengepompo yamanzi engaphumeleliyo ukupompa amanzi.
• Isifo sentliziyo esizalwa naso: Ezi ziziphene zesakhiwo sentliziyo ezibakho xa kuzalwa. Abanye abantwana banokuzalwa benesikroba entliziyweni okanye beneengxaki zevalvu. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba sisifo sentliziyo esizalwa naso.

Ngubani onokuhlakulela esi sifo sentliziyo?

Enyanisweni, le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-"Structural Heart Disease" inokukhula nakubani na, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yindoda okanye ngumfazi, uhlanga okanye ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezithile ezinokunyusa umngcipheko.

• Imbali yosapho: Ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho unesifo sentliziyo esilolu hlobo, nawe usenokuba sengozini enkulu yokuba naso.
• Izinto ezichaphazela umama ngexesha lokukhulelwa: Ngamanye amaxesha, izinto ezithile ezenzeka kumama ngelixa umntwana esesibelekweni zinokubangela isifo sentliziyo sokuzalwa kumntwana. Umzekelo:
• Ukuchanabeka kukamama kwizinto ezifana nezinyibilikisi zoshishino ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Umama ufumana isifo esifana ne-"Rubella" kwiinyanga ezintathu zokuqala zokukhulelwa.
• Ukusebenzisa amayeza athile ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha, ukusela utywala.
• Ukuvela kwezinye izifo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane.
• Ukwaluphala: Njengoko sikhula, i-calcium inokuqokelelwa kwiindawo ezifana neevalvu zentliziyo. Oku kunokubangela nesifo sentliziyo. Enyanisweni, abantu abangaphezu kwe-10% abaneminyaka engaphezu kwama-75 ubudala banohlobo oluthile lwe-"Structural Heart Disease".

Zixhaphake kangakanani ezi meko?

Isifo sevalvu yentliziyo sesona sixhaphakileyo kwezi. E-United States kuphela, malunga ne-2.5% yabemi banale meko. Inokubangelwa yi-stenosis okanye i-valvular regurgitation. I-Mitral valve regurgitation kunye ne-aortic valve stenosis zezona zixhaphakileyo.

Iingxaki zentliziyo ezizalwa nazo zezona ziphene zixhaphakileyo eMelika. Malunga ne-1% yeentsana ezizalwa minyaka le, okanye malunga neentsana ezingama-40,000, zinesi sifo.

I-Cardiomyopathy (isifo semisipha yentliziyo) sichaphazela malunga nomntu omnye kwabangama-500 eMelika. Zininzi izizathu zoku, kuquka isifo semithambo yegazi yentliziyo, iziphumo zosulelo lwentsholongwane, izinto ezingqongileyo ezifana notywala, kunye nezinto ezibangela imfuza.

Izifo zentliziyo ezibangelwa zizakhiwo ziwuchaphazela njani umzimba wam?

Cinga ngayo njengenjini yomzimba wethu. Ipompa igazi emzimbeni wonke. Kungegazi apho iiseli zethu zifumana khona ioksijini kunye nezondlo ezizidingayo, kwaye igazi likwasusa nenkunkuma kwiiseli. Ngoko ke, ukuba intliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi ngokufanelekileyo ngenxa yengxaki kwisakhiwo sayo, amanye amalungu kunye nezicubu zomzimba wethu azifumani igazi elaneleyo. Oku kungonakalisa amalungu ahlukeneyo, kwaye kunokuvela ezinye iingxaki zempilo kunye neempawu.

Zithini izizathu zezi zifo zentliziyo?

Kusenokuba nezizathu ezahlukeneyo zoku.

• Ukuzalwa: Ngamanye amaxesha, utshintsho oluthile kwiijini zomzimba wethu (i-DNA okanye i-genetics) lunokubangela iingxaki ekuphuhlisweni kwentliziyo.
• Izizathu ezenzeka kamva:
• Ukwaluphala: Oku kunokubangela ukuba kubekho i-calcium deposits kwiivalvu zentliziyo.
• Ukuxhomekeka kutywala okanye kwiziyobisi.
• I-Aortic aneurysm.
• Izifo ezizikhusela ngokwazo emzimbeni, umzekelo, i-lupus kunye nomkhuhlane wamathambo.
• Isifo sentliziyo okanye ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo (i-Myocardial infarction).
• Izifo ezonakalisa intliziyo, imizekelo: `(Amyloidosis)`, `(Hemochromatosis)`, `(Sarcoidosis)`.
• Usulelo lwengaphakathi lentliziyo (endocarditis).
• Izifo ze-endocrine gland, imizekelo: Isifo seswekile kunye nesifo se-thyroid.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu).
• Ukuvezwa kwimitha egqithisileyo.
• Iimeko zemfuza ezifana ne-'Marfan syndrome'.
• Izifo ezinxulumene nezihlunu ezifana ne-muscular dystrophy.
• Ukufakwa kwamafutha kwimithambo yegazi (i-Atherosclerosis).

Zithini iimpawu zesi sifo?

Kuyamangalisa ukuba abanye abantu abanesi sifo "seSifo seNtliziyo esiSisiseko" basenokungabi nazimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko esi sifo siqhubeka, unokubona iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Intlungu yesifuba, ukuqina, okanye uxinzelelo.
• Ukuba nesiyezi, ukuba nentloko ekhaphukhaphu, okanye ukuquleka (iSyncope).
• Ukuziva udiniwe kakhulu (Ukudinwa).
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu).
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (i-Arrhythmia).
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (i-Dyspnea).
• Ukudumba kwesisu, amaqatha, okanye iinyawo (i-Edema).

Kubalulekile: Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza. Ezi zinokubangelwa zezinye iimeko zempilo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukufumana unobangela ochanekileyo.

Sifunyaniswa njani esi sifo?

Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, oogqirha banokujonga naziphi na iingxaki entliziyweni yomntwana ngovavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-"fetal echocardiogram." Olu luvavanyo olusebenzisa amaza esandi ukuthatha imifanekiso yentliziyo yomntwana.

Kubantwana nakubantu abadala, xa ugqirha wakho emamele intliziyo yakho nge-stethoscope, banokuva isandi sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga (ukumbombozela kwentliziyo). Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, ugqirha wakho uza kukuthumela kwingcali yentliziyo. Banokwenza uvavanyo olufana nolu:

• Ukufakwa kwe-catheter kwintliziyo: Kule nkqubo, kufakwa ityhubhu encinci entliziyweni ngomthambo osesinqeni okanye engalweni ukuze kulinganiswe uxinzelelo olukwigumbi lentliziyo. Ingathatha nemifanekiso ecacileyo yentliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi.
• I-Coronary angiogram: Oku kwenziwa ngexesha elinye ne-cardiac catheterization. Idayi ekhethekileyo ifakwa kwimithambo yegazi kwaye i-X-ray isetyenziselwa ukubona indlela igazi elihamba ngayo entliziyweni, kwimithambo yegazi, nakwiivalvu.
• I-Echocardiogram (Echo): Olu luvavanyo olusebenzisa amaza esandi ukwenza imifanekiso yamagumbi entliziyo kunye neevalvu. Lungabonisa indlela intliziyo epompa ngayo igazi.
• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG okanye EKG): Le ilinganisa umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo. Usenokuba ukhe walubona uvavanyo lusenziwa ngokuncamathisela izitikha esifubeni sakho.
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lomzimba: Kolu vavanyo, ucelwa ukuba ubaleke okanye uhambe nge-treadmill kwaye isantya sentliziyo yakho siyajongwa.
• Isixhobo sokubona umbane seHolter: Esi sisixhobo esincinci esinxitywa emzimbeni wakho iiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kuma-48 kwaye sirekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo yakho ngelixa usenza imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla.
• Ezinye iimvavanyo zomfanekiso: Uvavanyo olufana ne-X-ray yesifuba, i-CT scan, okanye i-MRI yentliziyo lunokufumanisa iingxaki zesakhiwo ngaphakathi kwesifuba.

Kwezi, iimvavanyo ezimbini ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ekuxilongeni iSifo seNtliziyo soLwakhiwo yiECG kunye neEchocardiogram.

Inyangwa njani le sifo?

Ezinye iintlobo ze-`(Structural Heart Disease)` zisenokungadingi naluphi na unyango olukhethekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka uqhubeke nokujonga imeko yakho phantsi kweliso likagqirha.

Kwezinye iintlobo, ugqirha unokucebisa unyango olufana nolu:

• Amayeza: Amayeza anokunikwa ukulawula iimpawu, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwentliziyo, okanye ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi.
• Iinkqubo zentliziyo ezingangenisi kakhulu: Oku kubandakanya ukufaka izixhobo ngemingxuma embalwa emincinci, ngaphandle kokwenza umngxuma omkhulu, ukulungisa ivalvu enengxaki okanye ukuyitshintsha ngentsha.
• Utyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo: Kule nto, ugqirha uvula isifuba aze afikelele entliziyweni ukuze enze izinto ezifana nokutshintshwa kweevalvu, okanye ngamanye amaxesha ukufakelwa intliziyo.

Ndingawunciphisa njani umngcipheko wokuba nesi sifo?

Ukuba ukhulelwe, ungenza ezi zinto ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba umntwana wakho afumane isifo sentliziyo sokuzalwa:

• Ukuba unesifo esinganyangekiyo esifana nesifo seswekile okanye isifo sokuwa, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga namayeza omele uwasebenzise.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka. Kuphephe ukusebenzisa iimveliso zecuba.
• Yeka ukusela utywala.
• Ukuba usebenzisa iziyobisi ukuze uzonwabele, yeka ukuzisebenzisa ngokupheleleyo.
• Thatha ii-microgram ezingama-400 ze-folate (i-folic acid) yonke imihla (kungcono ukuyithatha le ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe).

Landela le mikhwa yezempilo ukuze unciphise umngcipheko wokuba nesifo se-valve yentliziyo kunye nezinye iintlobo zesifo semisipha yentliziyo (cardiomyopathy):

• Gcina ubunzima bomzimba bufanelekile.
• Yitya ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo (ungabi naoyile ingako, ityuwa engako, neswekile engako, kwaye ungabi neziqhamo nemifuno eninzi).
• Zilolonge rhoqo.
• Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala kwaye ungasebenzisi iziyobisi ngenjongo yokuzonwabisa.
• Ukuba unezinye iingxaki zempilo ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo seswekile, okanye isifo se-thyroid, landela icebiso likagqirha wakho kwaye uzilawule.
• Nciphisa uxinzelelo.

Ukuba ndinayo (iSifo seNtliziyo esiSisiseko), liza kuba njani ikamva lam?

Oku kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezimbalwa:

• Unexesha elingakanani unale meko?
• Ubunzima besifo.
• Loluphi uhlobo lwe-"Structural Heart Disease" onalo?
• Ezinye iingxaki zempilo onazo.

Kodwa ungakhathazeki! Abantu abaninzi abaneSifo seNtliziyo esiSakhiwo baphila ubomi obude nobonwabisayo. Nangona kunjalo, usenokuba sengozini yokwanda kancinci yosulelo lwentliziyo. Ngoko ke thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuthatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukuthintela usulelo xa utyando lwamazinyo okanye olunye utyando. Oku kunokunciphisa umngcipheko weemeko ezifana ne-endocarditis.

Ndine (Structural Heart Disease), ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ungenza ezi zinto ukugcina intliziyo yakho isempilweni nokunciphisa iingxaki:

• Yazisa bonke oogqirha abakunyangayo ngemeko yentliziyo yakho kunye namayeza owasebenzisayo.
• Ukuba uceba ukukhulelwa, thetha noogqirha bakho kwangethuba. Banokuvavanya iingozi zakho baze bakuncede ufumane eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokulawula imeko yakho ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Bona ugqirha wentliziyo rhoqo ukuze ajonge imeko yakho. Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza owanikwe ngugqirha okanye ungawasebenzisi xa udibana nogqirha wakho.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Isifo sentliziyo esikwisakhiwo sisifo esichaphazela ulwakhiwo lwentliziyo yakho, nto leyo ethetha ukumila, iindonga, iivalvu, okanye izihlunu. Sinokubakho xa uzalwa okanye siphuhle kamva ebomini. Iintlobo eziphambili zezi: isifo sentliziyo, isifo sentliziyo esizalwa naso, kunye nesifo sevalvu yentliziyo.

Usenokungadingi unyango, okanye ugqirha wakho angacebisa amayeza okanye utyando. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo kwaye ubone ugqirha wentliziyo rhoqo. Emva koko nawe ungaphila ubomi obonwabisayo nobupheleleyo. Ukuba unemibuzo engaphezulu malunga noku, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha wakho.

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