Ngaba nawe ngequbuliso uyawa uze ufe? (Syncope) - Masithethe ngale nto!

Ngaba wakha wambona umntu equleka ngequbuliso? Okanye ngaba kwenzeke kuwe? Khawucinge ngomntwana equleka ngexesha lentlanganiso yasekuseni esikolweni, okanye umntu equleka ngequbuliso elinde emgceni. Oku kuyoyikisa kancinci. Thina oogqirha sikubiza oku ngokuba yi-syncope . Ngamafutshane, oku kuquleka, okanye ukulahlekelwa zingqondo. Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje, akunjalo?

Yintoni kanye kanye iSyncope?

Ngamafutshane, i-syncope kukwehla ngequbuliso, okwethutyana komlinganiselo wegazi oya engqondweni yakho. Oku kwenzeka xa siphelelwa ngamandla okanye silahlekelwa zingqondo. Uninzi lwexesha, oku kubangelwa yinto encinci nehlala ixesha elifutshane.

Unga:

• Ukuba uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi luyehla ngequbuliso.
• Ukuba isantya sentliziyo yakho siyehla.
• Ukuba kukho utshintsho kubungakanani begazi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba wakho.

Ukuba uyafa isiqaqa, uza kubuyela engqondweni kwimizuzwana okanye imizuzu. Nangona kunjalo, ungaziva unesiyezi kwaye udiniwe okwethutyana emva koko. Kungathatha imizuzu okanye iiyure ukuba uphile ngokupheleleyo.

Nangona kunjalo, le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi -syncope ngamanye amaxesha inokuba luphawu lwemeko embi kakhulu. Ke ngoko, ukuba uyawa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha ukuze ufumane unobangela kwaye ufumane unyango. Uninzi lwabantu lunokuyilawula le meko ukuba luxilongwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye lufumana unyango olufanelekileyo.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-syncope?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-syncope . Masibone ukuba zeziphi:

• I-Vasovagal syncope: Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi -neurocardiogenic syncope , le yeyona ntlobo ixhaphakileyo ye-syncope. Imalunga nesiqingatha sazo zonke iimeko zokuwa.
• I-syncope yemeko: Olu luhlobo lwe- vasovagal syncope, oluchazwe apha ngasentla. Oko kukuthi, lwenzeka kuphela kwiimeko ezithile.
• I-Postural okanye i-orthostatic syncope: Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-postural hypotension , le yimeko eyenzeka xa utshintsha indawo (umzekelo, xa uvuka ngequbuliso elele ebhedini).
• Ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo: Oku kwenzeka xa ukuhamba kwegazi engqondweni kuncipha ngenxa yengxaki yentliziyo okanye imithambo yegazi.
• I-neurologic syncope: Oku kunokubangelwa sisifo senkqubo yemithambo-luvo.
• I-Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (i-POTS):Okwenzekayo koku kukuba isantya sentliziyo sinyuka ngequbuliso kakhulu xa usukuma uhleli okanye ulele.
• I-Syncope enesizathu esingaziwayo: Ngamanye amaxesha kunzima ukufumana unobangela ochanekileyo wokuwa.

Kuqheleke kangakanani oku?

I-syncope yimeko eqhelekileyo kakhulu. Ichaphazela malunga ne-3% yamadoda kunye ne-3.5% yabasetyhini ngexesha lobomi babo. Iba yinto eqhelekileyo xa bekhula, ichaphazela malunga ne-6% yabantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-75 ubudala. Inokwenzeka nakweyiphi na iminyaka, kubantu abanezinye izifo okanye abangenazo.

Ziziphi iimpawu ozivayo ngaphambi kokuba uphelelwe ngamandla?

Amaxesha amaninzi, ngaphambi kokuba uphelelwe ngamandla, unokufumana iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ndivakalelwa ngathi amehlo ajika abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (abe mnyama).
• Ukuziva unomsindo, unesiyezi.
• Ukurhuqelwa phantsi ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukuziva ulele okanye udiniwe.
• Ukuziva utyhafile, ingakumbi emva kokutya okanye ukuzilolonga.
• Ukuziva ungazinzile okanye ubuthathaka xa umi okanye uhamba.
• Utshintsho embonweni - njengokubona amachaphaza phambi kwamehlo, okanye umbono wetonela (njengokujonga ngetyhubhu).
• Intloko ebuhlungu.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu rhoqo, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha.

Kutheni siziva sityhafile kangaka? (Zithini izizathu?)

Eyona nto ibangela ukuba umntu aphelelwe lithemba kukungafumani igazi elaneleyo engqondweni. Oku kunokuba nezizathu ezahlukeneyo, kuquka neentlobo ze -syncope esizixubushileyo ngaphambili. Abantu abaninzi banokuba nesifo esichaphazela inkqubo yabo yemithambo-luvo okanye intliziyo abangayaziyo. Okanye, usenokuba nesifo esichaphazela ukuhamba kwegazi emzimbeni wakho, nto leyo ebangela ukuba uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi lwehle xa utshintsha indawo ohlala kuyo (umzekelo, xa umi ulele).

Izizathu zeVasovagal Syncope

Oku kwenzeka kuba uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi luyehla ngequbuliso, nto leyo enciphisa inani legazi eliya engqondweni yakho. Oku kwenzeka rhoqo emva kokuma okwethutyana, okanye xa ufumana uxinzelelo olukhulu, usizi, okanye uloyiko. Khawuthelekelele, umi elangeni ixesha elide kwiholo ephambili yesikolo sakho kwintlanganiso yasekuseni, uze ngequbuliso uzive unesizungu kwaye utyhafile. Ngokwesiqhelo, xa sima, amandla adonsela phantsi abangela ukuba igazi lethu lihlangane kwiindawo ezisezantsi zomzimba wethu, ngaphantsi kwe -diaphragm . Xa oku kusenzeka, intliziyo yethu kunye nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ezimeleyo zisebenza kunye ukugcina uxinzelelo lwethu lwegazi luzinzile.

Kodwa, oku kukuphazamiseka kwe-vasovagal.Kule meko, isantya sentliziyo yakho kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi ngequbuliso ziyehla kakhulu, nto leyo enokubangela ukwehla kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya engqondweni, nto leyo ebangela ukuba uphelelwe ngamandla. Uninzi lwexesha, oku akuyongozi.

Izizathu zeSyncope yeSituational

Oku kwenzeka kuphela kwiimeko ezithile apho inkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo ichaphazeleka khona uze ungabi nangqondo. Ezinye zezi meko ziquka:

• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
• Uxinzelelo olukhulu lweemvakalelo, usizi, ixhala.
• Uloyiko.
• Intlungu ebuhlungu.
• Indlala.
• Ukusebenzisa utywala okanye iziyobisi.
• Ukuphefumla kakhulu - Oku kuthetha ukuthatha ioksijini engaphezulu kunye nokuphefumla i-carbon dioxide ngokukhawuleza kunokuba kuyimfuneko.
• Xa ukhohlela kakhulu, ujika intamo, okanye unxibe ikhola ( i-carotid sinus hypersensitivity ).
• Xa uchama ( i-micturition syncope ).

Izizathu ze-postural syncope

Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-postural hypotension okanye i-orthostatic hypotension . Kwenzeka xa utshintsha indawo ngequbuliso, umzekelo, xa usukuma ulele, kwaye uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi luyehla ngequbuliso. Amanye amayeza kunye nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunokubangela le meko. Abantu abanolu hlobo lokuquleka bafumana ukwehla koxinzelelo lwabo lwegazi ubuncinane i-20 mmHg (inani eliphezulu) kunye ne-10 mmHg (inani elisezantsi) xa bema.

Izizathu ze-syncope yentliziyo

Ukuba unemeko entliziyweni yakho okanye kwimithambo yegazi echaphazela ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya engqondweni yakho, unokufumana i-cardiac syncope . Ezi meko ziquka:

• Ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo ( arrhythmia ).
• Ukuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni ngenxa yesakhiwo sentliziyo ( hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ).
• Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi entliziyweni ( i-myocardial ischemia ).
• Isifo sevalvu yentliziyo.
• I-Aortic stenosis - Oku kuthetha ukucutheka kwe-aorta.
• Ihlwili legazi.
• Ukumelwa yintliziyo.

Ukuba une -cardiac syncope , kubaluleke kakhulu ukubonana nogqirha wentliziyo kwaye ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo, njengoko oku kunokuba yingozi kakhulu.

Izizathu ze-Neurologic Syncope

Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba unesifo semithambo-luvo esifana nokuxhuzula, isifo sohlangothi, okanye uhlaselo lwe-ischemic oludlulayo (TIA) . Kwakhona, ii-migrainesKwaye iimeko ezingaqhelekanga ezifana ne -hydrocephalus yoxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo nazo zinokubangela i-neurologic syncope .

I-Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (i-POTS)

Ukuba une -POTS , izinga lentliziyo yakho linokunyuka kakhulu ( i-tachycardia ) xa umi uhleli okanye ulele. Inganga lentliziyo yakho linokunyuka ngama-30 beats ngomzuzu okanye ngaphezulu. Oku kunyuka kudla ngokukwenzeka kwimizuzu eli-10 yokuma.

I-Syncope engenasizathu esaziwayo

Malunga nama-33% abantu abaqulekayo abakwazi ukufumana unobangela ochanekileyo wokuquleka kwabo. Nangona kunjalo, amanye amayeza anokunyusa umngcipheko wokuquleka njengesiphumo esingesihle. Ukuba awazi ukuba yintoni ebangela ukuquleka kwakho, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha.

Ugqirha uyibona njani le nto?

Ukuba uyafa isiqaqa, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha. Angakuthumela kwingcali ye -syncope ukuze akuhlole ngokupheleleyo.

Ingcali iza kukuxilonga ngokwasemzimbeni ize ithathe imbali epheleleyo yezonyango. Iza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho kunye namaxesha owawa ngawo isiqaqa - nokuba wawukhe wanayo na impawu ngaphambili, nini na apho wawa khona isiqaqa.

Uyakwazi nokulinganisa izinga lentliziyo yakho kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi ngelixa ukwiindawo ezahlukeneyo (ulele phantsi, uhleli, umile).

Emva koko, kusenokufuneka wenze uvavanyo olunye okanye ngaphezulu ukuze ufumane unobangela wokuwa kwakho. Olu vavanyo lukhangela izinto ezifana nezi:

• Imeko yentliziyo yakho.
• Isantya sentliziyo yakho.
• Ubungakanani begazi emzimbeni wakho.
• Indlela igazi lakho elijikeleza ngayo xa ukwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo koku?

Uvavanyo lokufumana unobangela wokuwa phantsi zezi:

• Uvavanyo lwelebhu: Jonga ukuba akukho tshintsho lwe-anemia okanye i-metabolism.
• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG): Uvavanyo olurekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo yakho.
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lomzimba: Kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi ezenziwa ngelixa uzilolonga okanye ngokunika intliziyo yakho amayeza okuyixinzelela. Ezinye iimvavanyo zoxinzelelo zikhangela utshintsho lwe-EKG okanye zenze i-ultrasound yentliziyo. Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lunokwenziwa ngemifanekiso yenyukliya .
• Isixhobo sokujonga esihambahambayo: Sisixhobo osinxibayo esirekhoda ulwazi malunga nesantya sentliziyo yakho kunye nesingqisho ngokusebenzisa ii-electrodes.
• I-Echocardiogram: Uvavanyo olusebenzisa amaza esandi ukudala umfanekiso wesakhiwo sentliziyo yakho.
• Uvavanyo lwetafile yokuthambeka (uvavanyo lokuthambeka kwentloko): Uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi kunye nesantya sentliziyo yakho zirekhodwa umzuzu ngomzuzu okanye ukubetheka ngokubetheka njengoko ulele etafileni kwaye itafile ithambekile kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo. Olu vavanyo lunokufumanisa iimpendulo ezingaqhelekanga zentliziyo ezinokubangela ukuquleka.
• Uvavanyo lwe-Autonomic reflex: Uthotho lweemvavanyo ezilinganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi lakho, ukuhamba kwegazi, izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo, ubushushu bolusu, kunye nokubila ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Ezi zilinganiso zinokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba aqinisekise ukuba inkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo isebenza kakuhle okanye ukuba unomonakalo wemithambo-luvo.

Usenokuba nezinye iimvavanyo, ezifana nezifundo ze-electrophysiology , uvavanyo lwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ye-autonomic , uvavanyo lwemithambo-luvo, kunye ne-CT scan (Computed Tomography - CT scan) . Usenokuba novavanyo lomsebenzi we-vestibular ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho ngxaki kwindlebe yakho yangaphakathi. Ukuba ufuna naziphi na iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo, ugqirha wakho uya kukuchazela ukuba zeziphi kwaye kutheni uzifuna.

Senza ntoni xa umntu equleka?

Ukuba umntu uyafa isiqaqa, landela la manyathelo:

1. Jonga ukuba uyaphefumla na.

2. Mcele alale phantsi, okanye aphumze intloko yakhe phakathi kwamadolo akhe, ubuncinane imizuzu eli-10-15.

3. Mnike amanzi abandayo ukuze asele.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zokuquleka?

Iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke kwinto ebangela ukuba uphelelwe ngamandla kunye noko kuboniswa ziziphumo zovavanyo lwakho. Injongo yonyango kukuthintela ukuba ungaphinde uphelelwe ngamandla.

Iindlela zonyango lwe -syncope zezi:

• Ukusela amayeza, okanye ukwenza utshintsho kumayeza osele uwasebenzisa.
• Ukunxiba impahla yokuxhasa okanye iikawusi zokucinezela ukuphucula ukujikeleza kwegazi.
• Ukwenza utshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo. Ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba utye ukutya okuncinci rhoqo, wongeze ityuwa encinci (i-sodium) ekutyeni kwakho, usele amanzi amaninzi, wonyuse i-potassium ekutyeni kwakho, kwaye uyeke i-caffeine kunye notywala.
• Ukuqaphela kakhulu xa uvuka.
• Gcina intloko yebhedi iphakanyisiwe ngelixa ulele. Ungakwenza oku ngokusebenzisa imiqamelo eyongezelelweyo okanye ubeke izinyusi phantsi kwemilenze entlokweni yebhedi.
• Ukuphepha iimeko okanye "izinto ezibangela ukuba umntu aphelelwe ngamandla" (ezifana nokuma ixesha elide, ubushushu, kunye neemeko ezixinzelelekileyo).
• Uqeqesho lwe-Biofeedback lokulawula ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo.
• Ukuba kukho izifo zentliziyo ezibangelwa zizakhiwo ezithile, zinyange.
• I-Pacemaker yokugcina izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo liqhelekileUkulungisa enye (oku kungenxa yeemeko ezithile zempilo).
• Ukufumana i -defibrillator ye-cardioverter (ICD) efakelweyo . Esi sixhobo sihlala sijonga izinga lentliziyo yakho kunye nesingqisho kwaye silungisa naziphi na izingqisho ezikhawulezayo nezingaqhelekanga (kwakhona, kuphela kwiimeko ezithile).

Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kuyila isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe kwaye lixoxe nawe ngeendlela zonyango lwakho.

Ngaba kukho amayeza oku?

Amanye amayeza asetyenziswa ukunyanga ukuquleka aquka:

• I-Midodrine
• I-Fludrocortisone (amagama eebhrendi i-Astonin® okanye i-Florinef®)

La mayeza anokubangela ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, ezinje ngeentlungu zesifuba, isicaphucaphu, isiyezi, ubunzima bokuchama, isisu esibuhlungu, kunye nokubanda. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa amayeza kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelela.

Ngaba ukuquleka kungancitshiswa/kungathintelwa?

Ukuze unciphise umngcipheko wakho wokuquleka, kufuneka wazi ukuba yintoni ebangela oko. Ukuba ingxaki kukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, ukuhlala ungenamanzi emzimbeni kunye nokusela amanzi amaninzi kunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho. Ukuba uquleka ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo, unokufuna amayeza okanye isixhobo sokunyanga izingqisho zentliziyo ezingaqhelekanga.

Amaxesha amaninzi, uziva ngathi uza kufa isiyezi. Usenokuziva unesiyezi, unesicaphucaphu, okanye ube ne-palpitations (iintliziyo ezibetha ngokungacwangciswanga ezivakala ngathi zibetha ngokukhawuleza okanye "zibetha" esifubeni sakho). Unokunceda ekuthinteleni ukufa isiqabu ukuba:

• Hlala phantsi okanye ulale phantsi ngokukhawuleza uphakamise imilenze yakho.
• Beka izandla zakho ndawonye.
• Qinisa izandla zakho.
• Xuba imilenze yakho okanye ucinezele amathanga akho.

Kwenzeka ntoni xa uquleka? Ngaba yinto omele uyoyike?

Ngokuxilongwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nonyango, ungalawula i-syncope . Ukuba ukhe waquleka kanye, unethuba elimalunga ne-30% lokuphinda uquleke. Umngcipheko wakho wokuphinda uquleke kunye nendlela okukuchaphazela ngayo kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi - ezifana nesizathu, ubudala bakho, isini, kunye nezinye iimeko zempilo onazo. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nomngcipheko wakho, thetha nogqirha wakho.

Ukuba ufunyenwe une- syncope , jonga imithetho yelizwe/ummandla okuwo. Kwamanye amazwe/imimandla, abaqhubi abaqulekayo kufuneka baxele kwi-ofisi yelayisenisi yokuqhuba. Ugqirha uza kukuxelela ukuba ufumane unobangela kwaye ufumane unyango ngaphambi kokuba uqhube.

Ixesha elininzi, ukuquleka akuyongozi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unesigqi sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga okanye imeko yemithambo-luvo, inokuba yingozi ebomini. Abantu abanesifo sentliziyo okanye iimeko zemithambo-luvo ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka bafune unyango kugqirha.

Ndingambona nini ugqirha? Icandelo loNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU)Ngaba kukho amaxesha apho kufuneka uye khona?

Ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu sokuwa kwakho, kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha ukuze ufumane idinga lokulandelela malunga neeveki ezimbini ukuya kwezine emva kokuba ufumene unyango esibhedlele okanye kwicandelo lezigulane ezingalaliswanga. Ukuba ugqirha ufumanisa ingxaki ngendlela intliziyo yakho emile ngayo okanye isigqi sayo, kuya kufuneka wenze idinga lokulandelela elongezelelweyo.

Ukuba umntu uyafa aze ayeke ukuphefumla, ngokungathi unesifo sentliziyo, kufuneka umnike i-CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) kwaye ubize i-ambulensi. Abantu abaninzi baya kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (ETU) emva kokufa. Ukuba uyafa, ingakumbi okokuqala, okanye ukuba uneentlungu esifubeni, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye ezinye iimpawu ezinzulu, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ufune ingcebiso kagqirha.

Imibuzo ebalulekileyo yokubuza ugqirha wakho

Ungabuza ugqirha wakho le mibuzo:

• Uyazi ukuba yintoni eyabangela ukuba ndife isiqaqa?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukuze ndithintele uhlobo lokuquleka endandinalo ukuba lungaphindi lwenzeke?
• Ngaba ndifuna iimvavanyo ezingaphezulu okanye amadinga okulandela emva koko?

Ngamafutshane (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Syncope , okanye ukuquleka, ingabonakala inzima kakhulu kunokuba injalo ngokwenene kuba yenzeka ngequbuliso kwaye itsala ingqalelo yabanye. Nangona kunjalo, kubantu abaninzi, yimeko yexeshana kwaye ayibonisi ingxaki enkulu yempilo. Ukubona ugqirha emva kokuba uqulekile kunokukunceda uzive uqinisekile ukuba awunayo imeko enzima. Ukuba ukuquleka kwakho kubangelwa yimeko yentliziyo, kubalulekile ukufumana unyango lwayo.

Khumbula, ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye uxhalabile ngempilo yakho, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha.

Ukuquleka , i-syncope, ukulahlekelwa zingqondo, i-cerebral ischemia, i-vasovagal syncope, i-cardiac syncope, izizathu zokuquleka, unyango lokuquleka