Ingaba iiplatelets zakho zegazi ziphantsi? Masifunde ngqo nge-thrombocytopenia!

Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko eza negama eloyikisayo kancinci, kodwa elinokulawulwa kakuhle ukuba unolwazi olufanelekileyo. Loo nto yiThrombocytopenia . Mhlawumbi awukaze ulive eli gama ngaphambili. Okanye mhlawumbi ugqirha ukuxelele okanye umntu omaziyo ngalo. Yintoni le ibizwa ngokuba yiThrombocytopenia ngendlela engaqhelekanga? Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Ingaba iyingozi? Imibuzo emininzi enjalo kufuneka ibe sengqondweni yakho. Ngoko masithethe ngayo yonke le nto ngokucacileyo nangokulula, njengokuthetha nomhlobo.

Yintoni i-thrombocytopenia?

Ngamafutshane, i-thrombocytopenia ibangelwa kukuba unee - platelet ezimbalwa egazini lakho kunokuba kufanele. Ngoku mhlawumbi ucinga, "Zithini ezi platelet?" Ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngaloo nto.

Cinga ngale ndlela: umzimba wethu ufana nomzi-mveliso omkhulu. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zabasebenzi kule mzi-mveliso zemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Ngokufanayo, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeseli egazini lethu, nganye inomsebenzi othile. Iiplatelets zegazi zezinye zeqela labasebenzi abakhethekileyo.

Ngoko ke, xa inani leeplatelet lihla ngaphantsi kwenqanaba elifunekayo, silibiza ngokuba yiThrombocytopenia. Kufana nokuba kukho abalindi bokhuseleko abambalwa kwindawo yokusebenza, iingxaki ezincinci zinokuba nkulu.

Zithini iiplatelets? Zenza ntoni?

Iiplatelets, okanye njengoko sizibiza njalo , iiplatelets, ziiseli ezincinci ezingenambala egazini lethu. Zenziwa kwindawo ethambileyo yamathambo ethu ebizwa ngokuba yi-bone marrow . Cinga ngomongo wethambo njengomzi-mveliso weeseli zegazi. Kulapho kuveliswa khona iiseli zegazi ezibomvu (iiseli ezinika igazi umbala walo obomvu nezithwala ioksijini), iiseli zegazi ezimhlophe (iiseli ezisikhusela kwizifo), kunye neeplatelets.

Ngoko ke, nangona zincinci, iiplatelets zenza umsebenzi omkhulu kakhulu. Umsebenzi wazo ophambili kukuyeka ukopha, oko kukuthi, ukujiya igazi. Xa wenzakele ndaweni ithile, ukopha kuyayeka emva kwexesha elithile, akunjalo? Kaloku, ezi platelets zegazi ziyanceda kuloo nto. Ziza kwindawo eyonzakeleyo zinamathele ndawonye, ​​njengedama, kwaye ziyayithintela ukuphuma kwegazi.

Ngoko ke uyayiqonda le ngcamango, akunjalo? Iiplatelets ziyinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yomzimba wethu elawula ukopha, zisebenza njenge "plaster" ezincinci.

Kutheni i-Thrombocytopenia isenzeka? Zithini izizathu?

Kulungile, ngoku siyazi ukuba i-thrombocytopenia kukuncipha kweeplatelets. Kodwa kutheni kwenzeka ngolu hlobo? Kunokubakho izizathu ezininzi zoku. Masizahlule zibe ziindidi ezintathu eziphambili:

1. Ukwehla kokuveliswa kweeplatelet kwi-bone mongo

Ukuba ifektri yethu yeeplatelet, umongo wethambo, ayisebenzi kakuhle, inani leeplatelet eziveliswayo linokwehla. Oku kunokubangelwa zezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane (umz., usenokuba ukhe weva ukuba iiplatelets ziyancipha xa une-dengue fever).
• Amanye amayeza (ingakumbi i-chemotherapy).
• Ukungabikho kwevithamini B12 okanye i-folic acid.
• Izifo ezichaphazela umongo wethambo (umz., iLeukemia , iAplastic Anemia ).
• Ukusela utywala ngokugqithisileyo.

2. Ukutshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza kweeplatelets (ukuqhekeka okugqithisileyo)

Ngamanye amaxesha, nangona umongo wethambo uvelisa iiplatelets kakuhle, zitshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza emzimbeni. Njengokuba ezinye izinto ezenziwe kakuhle ziphuka ngexesha lokuthuthwa. Izizathu zoku zezi:

• Iingxaki zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela: Ngamanye amaxesha inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela (inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela) iqala ngempazamo ukutshabalalisa iiplatelets zayo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura - ITP)`. Oku kunokubonwa nakubantwana abancinci.
• Njengesiphumo esingesihle samanye amayeza (umz. i-heparin).
• Ezinye izifo ezithathelwanayo.
• Abanye abantu banokubona ukwehla okuncinci kwenani leeplatelet ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo ayisiyongxaki imbi.

3. Iiplatelets ziqokelelana kwindawo enye emzimbeni (ingakumbi kwipleyini)

Umzimba wethu unelungu elibizwa ngokuba yi-spleen. Likwicala lasekhohlo lesisu. Omnye wemisebenzi ye-spleen kukususa iiseli zegazi ezindala. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ukuba i-spleen iyakhula (umzekelo, kwizifo ezifana ne-cirrhosis yesibindi), inokuqokelela ii-platelet ezininzi kakhulu, ezinokunciphisa inani lee-platelet egazini.

Uyazi njani ukuba une-thrombocytopenia? Zithini iimpawu?

Xa iiplatelets ziphantsi, amandla azo okuyeka ukopha ayancipha, ngoko ke iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zinokuvela. Nangona kunjalo, ezi mpawu azibonakali kuye wonke umntu. Abanye abantu basenokungabonakalisi zimpawu nokuba inani labo leeplatelets liphantsi kancinci. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba inani leeplatelets lehla kakhulu, unokubona izinto ezifana nezi:

• Ukugruzuka lula: Nokuba igruzuka elincinci linokubangela igruzuka elikhulu nelimnyama. Ngamanye amaxesha, amabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka anokubonakala emzimbeni.
• Amachaphaza amancinci abomvu/mfusa eluswini (i-petechiae): La ngamachaphaza amancinci egazi abonakala ngathi ahlatywe ngentonga encinci kwaye awabi mhlophe xa ecinezelwe. Adla ngokuvela kuqala emilenzeni.
• Iintsini eziphuma igazi: Iintsini eziphuma igazi, nokuba kuxa uhlamba amazinyo okanye xa umile.
• Ukopha rhoqo ngeempumlo.
• Kuthatha ixesha elide ukuba ukopha kuphele emva kokwenzakala.
• Ukopha kakhulu ngexesha lokuya exesheni kwabasetyhini.
• Kunqabile ukuba kubekho igazi kumchamo okanye kwindle.
• Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu (ezingaqhelekanga), iimeko eziyingozi ezifana nokopha ngaphakathi kwengqondo zinokwenzeka.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, akuthethi ukuba une-thrombocytopenia. Nangona kunjalo, kungcono ukubona ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso.

Uyazi njani ukuba une-thrombocytopenia? (Ukuxilongwa)

Xa usiya kugqirha, baya kukubuza ngeempawu zakho baze bakuhlole (ingakumbi nakuphi na ukukrweleka okanye ukuba bomvu). Banokuyalela uvavanyo olufana nolu ukuze babone ukuba unayo na i-thrombocytopenia kwaye, ukuba kunjalo, yintoni ebangela oko:

• Ubalo lwegazi olupheleleyo (CBC): Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo. Lulinganisa inani leeseli ezibomvu, iiseli ezimhlophe, kwaye okubaluleke kakhulu, iiplatelets egazini lakho. Inani eliqhelekileyo leeplatelets kumntu ophilileyo liphakathi kwe-150,000 kunye ne-450,000 nge-milliliter yegazi. I-Thrombocytopenia iyenzeka xa eli nani liwela ngaphantsi kwe-150,000.
• Ukutshiza igazi okujikeleze igazi: Kule meko, kuthathwa ithontsi legazi lize lihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope ukuze kubonwe ukuba ii-platelet zibukeka njani kwaye zikhulu kangakanani.
• Uvavanyo olongezelelweyo: Ukuba i-thrombocytopenia iqinisekisiwe, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela uvavanyo olongezelelweyo ukuze afumane unobangela. Umzekelo:
• Uvavanyo losulelo lwentsholongwane.
• Uvavanyo olunxulumene nenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela (ukujonga imeko efana ne-ITP).
• Ukuba kuyimfuneko, kunokwenziwa uvavanyo lomongo wethambo/i-biopsy . Oku kuquka ukuthatha isampuli yomongo wethambo ngenaliti encinci uze uyivavanye ukuze kubonwe ukuba umongo wethambo uvelisa iiplatelets ngokufanelekileyo na. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa kwiimeko ezinzima ngakumbi.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-thrombocytopenia?

Unyango lwe-thrombocytopenia luxhomekeke kwisizathu sokuba inani leeplatelet liphantsi, ukuba inani leeplatelet liphantsi kangakanani, kunye nobunzima beempawu zakho.

• Ukunyanga Unobangela: Ngamanye amaxesha, xa unobangela oyintloko we-thrombocytopenia unyangwa, inani leeplatelet libuyela kwisiqhelo. Umzekelo, ukuba iyeza libangele inani eliphantsi leeplatelet, ukuyeka iyeza kunokunceda. Ukuba kukungabikho kweevithamini, ukuthatha iipilisi zevithamini kunokunceda.
• I-Thrombocytopenia Encinci: Ukuba inani leeplatelet zakho alikho phantsi kakhulu, kwaye awunazo naziphi na iimpawu ezinkulu, usenokungadingi naluphi na unyango olukhethekileyo. Ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo (ukubeka esweni).
• Unyango lwe-ITP (Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura):
• IiSteroids: Ezi zinciphisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela etshabalalisa iiplatelets.
• I-Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG): Oku kuchaphazela inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kwaye kunciphisa ukutshatyalaliswa kweeplatelets.
• Amanye amayeza okunciphisa amajoni omzimba.
• Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, i-splenectomy inokwenziwa, njengoko i-spleen yindawo ephambili yokutshatyalaliswa kweeplatelet.
• Ukufakelwa kweePlatelet: Ukuba inani leeplatelet liphantsi kakhulu kwaye kukho umngcipheko wokopha, iiplatelet zinokunikwa ngaphandle. Nangona kunjalo, esi sisisombululo sexeshana.

Kubalulekile: Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi unyango olukufaneleyo, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho.

Yintoni ekufuneka iqatshelwe ngumntu one-thrombocytopenia?

Ukuba une-thrombocytopenia, kungcono ukunyamekela ezi zinto ukuze unciphise umngcipheko wokopha:

• Ziphephe imidlalo kunye nemisebenzi enokubangela ukwenzakala: Ziphephe imidlalo ebandakanya ukudibana (umz. i-rugby, i-boxing).
• Lumka xa usebenzisa izixhobo ezibukhali: Lumka kakhulu xa usebenzisa izinto ezifana neemela nezikere.
• Sebenzisa ibhrashi yamazinyo ethambileyo xa uhlamba amazinyo akho. Kuphephe ukwenzakalisa iintsini zakho.
• Musa ukuthatha amayeza athile ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho: Musa ukuthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi, ingakumbi i-aspirin okanye i-ibuprofen, ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha wakho. La mayeza andisa umngcipheko wokopha.
• Nciphisa okanye uyeke ngokupheleleyo ukusela utywala.
• Kuphephe ukuqhina: Yitya ukutya okunefayibha eninzi (imifuno, iziqhamo) kwaye usele amanzi amaninzi, njengoko ukuqhina kunokubangela ukopha xa uxinwa.
• Xelela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumana ukopha okungaqhelekanga, iintloko ezibuhlungu kakhulu, okanye ezinye iimpawu ezintsha.

Okokugqibela, ezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Nangona igama elithi thrombocytopenia linokuba loyikisayo, yimeko enokulawulwa kakuhle ukuba uyazi ngayo, ubonane nogqirha ngexesha elifanelekileyo, kwaye ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo.

Khumbula:

* I-Thrombocytopenia kukuncipha kweeplatelets egazini.

* Iiplatelets ziziqwenga ezincinci zeeseli ezinceda ekumiseni ukopha.

* Zininzi izizathu zoku.

* Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinjengokuba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokulula okanye ukopha kweentsini, bona ugqirha.

* Oku kunokubonwa lula ngovavanyo lwegazi olubizwa ngokuba yi-CBC.

* Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu kunye nobunzima bemeko.

Ngoko ke, ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unengxaki efana nale, musani ukuxhalaba, musani ukuxhalaba, kwaye funa ingcebiso kagqirha. Ulwazi olufanelekileyo lolona khuselo lubalaseleyo!

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