Ngamanye amaxesha xa ugqirha ekuxelela okanye umntu okwintsapho yakho ukuba kufuneka wenze utyando lwesifuba, banokukhankanya igama elithi "thoracotomy." Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye unexhala xa usiva eli gama. "Luhlobo luni lotyando?", "Ingaba luyingozi?", "Ngaba luza kuba buhlungu kakhulu?" yimibuzo yonke efika engqondweni. Ke namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba luyintoni kanye kanye olu tyando lwe-thoracotomy, zeziphi izizathu zokwenziwa kwalo, kunye nayo yonke into ekufuneka uyazi ngalo.
Yintoni kanye kanye iThoracotomy?
Ngamafutshane, i-thoracotomy kukunqunyulwa okwenziwa ngugqirha phakathi kweembambo ezimbini ukuze abone okanye anyange amalungu angaphakathi esifubeni sakho. Cinga ngokuvula ikhava yencwadi ukuze ubone amaphepha, ugqirha kufuneka avule isifuba ukuze afikelele kumalungu angaphakathi esifubeni.
Izitho eziphambili ezinokubonakala xa isifuba sivulwa ngolu hlobo zezi:
- Imiphunga
- Intliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi emikhulu enxulumene nayo (umzekelo, i-aorta)
- Umqala womqala
- I-Trachea
Ngamanye amaxesha le ndlela isetyenziselwa ukufikelela ngaphambili komqolo. Olu tyando ludla ngokwenziwa kwicala lasekhohlo okanye lasekunene lesifuba. Oku kuxhomekeke kwicala lesitho esinyangwayo. Utyando luqala esifubeni luye ezantsi ngasemva phantsi kwekhwapha. Ubungakanani kunye nendawo yotyando luyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando olwenziwayo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha wotyando kunokufuneka aphule okanye asuse ubambo. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba 'lutyando oluvulekileyo' .
Kutheni kufuneka senze i-thoracotomy?
Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba kwenziwe i-thoracotomy. Ngamanye amaxesha kwenziwa ukuze kufunyanwe isampuli yezicubu (i-biopsy) ukuze kufunyanwe isifo. Ngamanye amaxesha, kwenziwa njengonyango lwesifo. Makhe sijonge izizathu eziphambili zolu tyando.
| Isizathu sotyando | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-biopsy | Ukuba kukho isikrokro sokuba kukho imeko yemiphunga, isampuli yethishu ingafunyanwa ukuze ichongwe ngokuqinisekileyo. |
| Umhlaza wemiphunga | Ukususa izimila ezinomhlaza emiphungeni okanye kwinxalenye yemiphunga. |
| Iimeko zentliziyo | Ukunyanga iingxaki ezithile entliziyweni okanye kwimithambo yegazi emikhulu edibene nentliziyo. |
| Umphunga Owileyo | Ukunyanga iimeko zeemiphunga eziwileyo, ezaziwa ngokwezonyango njenge- pneumothorax . |
| Ukuqokelelana kolwelo olujikeleze imiphunga/intliziyo | Ukunyanga i-pleural effusion okanye i-cardiac tamponade , ingakumbi xa ibangelwa lusulelo. |
| Izifo ze-Esophageal | Ukunyanga umhlaza okanye ezinye izifo zomqala. |
Kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambi kotyando?
Olu lutyando olukhulu kwaye kuya kufuneka ube phantsi kwe-anesthesia eqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke kufuneka ube sempilweni ngokwaneleyo ukuze ukwazi ukunyamezela olu hlobo lwe-anesthesia. Iqela lezonyango liza kukunika iingcebiso malunga nokuba ungayeka nini ukutya nokusela ngaphambi kotyando.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Kubalulekile ukuba uxelele ugqirha wakho malunga nayo yonke imithi, iivithamini, okanye izongezo ozithathayo, kwanalezo onokuzithenga ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha. Amanye amayeza, ingakumbi amayeza okunciphisa igazi, anokufuna ukuba uyeke ukuwasebenzisa kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kotyando. Landela le miyalelo ngononophelo.
Ngaphandle kokuba lutyando olungxamisekileyo, oogqirha ngokuqinisekileyo baya kukuxelela ukuba uyeke ukutshaya . Kuyanceda kakhulu kwinkqubo yokuphiliswa.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lotyando?
Ngexesha lotyando, iqela lezonyango liza kukujika lize likubeke kwindawo ekhululekileyo, ingalo enye iphezu kwentloko yakho.
Ingcali yokubulala iintlungu eza kukwenza ungasebenzi kakuhle ngexesha lotyando yingcali yotyando lwesifuba. Uza kulawula ukuphefumla kwakho ukuze kubekho umphunga omnye kuphela osebenzayo (umoya omnye womoya) . Oku kuthetha ukuba umphunga osecaleni lotyando uvaliwe okwethutyana kwaye uvumelekile ukuphefumla ukusuka komnye umphunga kuphela. Oku kwenza kube lula kakhulu kugqirha ukwenza utyando.
Emva koko ugqirha wenza utyando phakathi kweembambo ezimbini, asebenzise izixhobo ezikhethekileyo (ii-retractors) ukwandisa utyando, aze ahlole amalungu angaphakathi okanye enze unyango olufunekayo.
Emva kokuba utyando lugqityiwe kwaye isilonda sivaliwe, kufakwa ityhubhu yesifuba ukuze kukhutshwe naluphi na ulwelo nomoya oqokelelene ngaphakathi. Oku kufana netyhubhu.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando kwaye kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba umntu aphile?
Emva kotyando, kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele kangangeveki. Ityhubhu yesifuba iya kuhlala ikwindawo yayo kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa. Ngeli xesha, iqela lezonyango liya kukunika amayeza okulawula iintlungu zakho.
Igalelo lakho libaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yokuphiliswa.
- Iqela lezonyango liza kukukhuthaza ukuba ukhohlele kwaye uphefumle nzulu .
- Bacebisa ukusebenzisa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-'incentive spirometer' xa besenza umthambo wokuphefumla.
- Ucela ukuhamba kancinci encediswa.
Nangona ezi zinto zinokuba nzima kancinci ekuqaleni, zibalulekile ekuthinteleni usulelo lwemiphunga (njenge-pneumonia).
Emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya uvela esibhedlele, kungathatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezimbini ukuba uphile ngokupheleleyo kwaye uqalise imisebenzi eqhelekileyo. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba ungaqhubeka nini nemisebenzi efana nokuphakamisa iintsimbi nokudlala imidlalo.
Zithini iingozi zolu tyando?
Njengalo naluphi na utyando, utyando lweThoracotomy lunezinye iingozi. Ungakhathazeki, iqela lezonyango liya kwenza konke okusemandleni alo ukunciphisa ezi ngozi.
- Iingozi eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene notyando: iingxaki zokubulala iintlungu, usulelo, ukopha, kunye nentlungu.
- Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka kamva:
- I-Pneumonia: Usulelo lwemiphunga.
- I-Atelectasis: Ukuwa okanye ukudilika kweendawo ezithile zomphunga.
- I-Post-thoracotomy pain syndrome: Intlungu ehlala iinyanga emva kotyando.
Ufuna ukuphinda umbone ugqirha kwakhona nini?
Emva kokuba uphumile esibhedlele, uza kwaziswa ngeentsuku ekufuneka ubuyele ngazo ekliniki. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumanisa naziphi na ezi mpawu zilandelayo, kufuneka ufowunele ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko .
- Ukuba ufumana umkhuhlane.
- Ukuba inxeba liqala ukopha kwakhona okanye ukuba igazi liphuma xa ukhohlela.
- Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla.
- Ukuba indawo eqatywe kuyo ikhupha ubovu, idumbile, ibomvu, okanye itshintshile umbala.
- Ukuba awukwazi ukulawula iintlungu nasemva kokuba uthathe amayeza.
Ukuba unemeko engxamisekileyo, efana nobunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla okanye ukopha kakhulu, yiya kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko lesibhedlele esikufutshane (ETU) ngoko nangoko .
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Thoracotomy lutyando olukhulu olwenziwayo ukunyanga amalungu esifubeni. Nangona kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva uyoyika, inokuba yinkqubo eyimfuneko nesindisa ubomi. (Isivakalisi sangaphambili sasinesivakalisi sesiTamil ngempazamo. Siyilungisa kwiSinhala esicocekileyo ngokwemiyalelo.) Nangona kunjalo, inokuba yinkqubo esindisa ubomi neyimfuneko.
- Landela imiyalelo kagqirha ngononophelo ngaphambi kotyando, ingakumbi malunga nokuyeka ukutshaya nokumxelela ngamayeza awasebenzisayo.
- Ulawulo lweentlungu emva kotyando kunye nokuzilolonga ngokuphefumla kakhulu kubaluleke kakhulu ekupholeni ngokukhawuleza nasekuthinteleni iingxaki ezifana ne-pneumonia.
- Ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki okanye iimpawu eziyingozi ezivelayo ngexesha lokuchacha, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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