Khawuthelekelele ngequbuliso uneentlungu eziqatha esifubeni, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye umlomo utsalwa ecaleni kwaye ungakwazi ukuthetha. Ingakanani ixabiso lemizuzwana nganye ngexesha elinje? Isizathu soku singaba kukuqhekeka kwegazi kwimithambo yegazi ethwala igazi liye engqondweni okanye entliziyweni. Namhlanje sithetha ngonyango olukhethekileyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-"clot-busting," olunyibilikisa ukuqhekeka kwegazi okusongela ubomi.
Luluphi olu nyango lokunciphisa igazi?
Ngamafutshane, olu lunyango olunamandla "oluqhekeza" okanye olunyibilikisayo nolususa amahlwili egazi anokuba yingozi ebomini. Ngokwezonyango, silubiza olu nyango lweFibrinolytic okanye unyango lweThrombolytic . Oko kwenziwa ngala mayeza kukunyibilikisa ngokuthe ngqo amahlwili egazi anokukhokelela kwiimeko eziyingozi ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi, ukuvula kwakhona imithambo yegazi evalekileyo, nokubuyisela ukuhamba kwegazi.
Kukweziphi iimeko apho olu nyango lufunekayo?
Olu nyango lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo nezinzima. Ludla ngokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga ezi meko zilandelayo:
| Imeko yezonyango | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo | Ukuvaleka komthambo wegazi (i-coronary artery) ohambisa igazi entliziyweni nge-blood clot. |
| Istroke | Umthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi engqondweni uvalwe lihlwili legazi. |
| Ukubethelwa kweMiphunga | Umthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi emiphungeni uvalwe lihlwili legazi. |
| I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) | Ihlwili legazi, ngokuqhelekileyo kumthambo onzulu emlenzeni. |
| Amanye amatyala | Ukuvaleka kweminye imithambo yegazi emzimbeni, ukuvaleka kweetyhubhu ezisetyenziselwa i-dialysis, okanye ukuvaleka kwendlela yokungena ebekwe ngotyando. |
Kutheni ixesha libaluleke kangaka?
Ixesha libaluleke kakhulu kolu nyango, ingakumbi kwimeko yestroke. Ukusela eli yeza kwiiyure ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-4.5 emva kokuqala kweempawu kunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokonakala kwengqondo okungapheliyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqala olu nyango kwimizuzu engama-30 emva kokuba isigulana siziswe kwicandelo lonyango olungxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele. Okukhona unyango luqalwa ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona iziphumo zingcono.
Ngaba wonke umntu ufanelekile kolu nyango?
Hayi. Ngenxa yokuba eli liyeza elinamandla kakhulu, alinakunikwa abantu abaneengxaki ezithile. Xa ungeniswe esibhedlele, iqela lezonyango liya kwenza uvavanyo olufunekayo ukuze libone ukuba ufanelekile na kolu nyango.
Amatyala asenokungafaneleki kolu nyango
Olu nyango aluqhelekanga ukunikwa umntu onezi meko zilandelayo:
| Isizathu esinokwenzeka sokungafaneleki konyango |
|---|
| Ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-75 ubudala |
| Ukuba ukhe wopha ubuchopho ngaphambili |
| Ukuba okwangoku usebenzisa amayeza okunciphisa igazi |
| Ukuba ukhe waba nestroke kwiinyanga ezintathu ezidlulileyo |
| Ukuba unesifo sokopha naphi na emzimbeni okanye usandul' utyando/ingozi enkulu |
| Ukuba ufunyenwe unethumba lobuchopho |
| Ukuba ukhulelwe |
| Ukuba une-high blood pressure engalawulekiyo |
| Ukuba nenani eliphantsi kakhulu leeplatelet |
Olu luhlu aluphelelanga. Kusenokubakho ezinye izinto ezichaphazela imeko yakho. Ke ngoko, isigqibo sokugqibela kufuneka senziwe ngugqirha wakho.
Indlela unyango oluqhutywa ngayo
Ngaphambi nangexesha lonyango
Ngenxa yokuba le yingxamiseko, uza kungeniswa ngqo kwigumbi lonyango oluphezulu (ICU) . Iqela lezonyango liza kujonga izinga lentliziyo yakho kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi rhoqo. Amayeza aza kunikwa ngomgca we-IV engalweni yakho okanye ngetyhubhu encinci kakhulu (i-catheter) ekhokelwa kwindawo yehlwili. Ngexesha lonyango, iimvavanyo ezifana ne-CT scan okanye i-MRI scan ziya kusetyenziswa ukubona ukuba ihlwili liyanyibilika na.
Ngamanye amaxesha, ukongeza kolu nyango, kunokusetyenziswa enye indlela ebizwa ngokuba yiMechanical Thrombectomy . Oku kubandakanya ukuqhekeza igazi ngokoqobo kusetyenziswa i-catheter kwaye lisuswe ngomchamo .
Emva konyango
Emva kokuba unyango luphumelele, oogqirha bajonga ukuba kukho na iindawo zehlwili ezisele. Kusenokufuneka unyango olongezelelweyo. Umzekelo, ukufakwa kwe-stent, i-balloon angioplasty, okanye utyando oluvulekileyo kunokufuneka. Amayeza okuthintela ukugabha kwegazi, anjengeWarfarin okanye iHeparin , adla ngokunikwa ukuthintela ukugabha kwegazi kwixesha elizayo.
Zithini iingenelo kunye neengozi zonyango?
Eyona nzuzo iphambili kukuba olu nyango lunokunyibilikisa ihlwili legazi kwaye lubuyisele ukuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni, engqondweni, okanye kwezinye izitho ezibalulekileyo. Oku kunokuthintela umonakalo osongela ubomi kwaye kunciphise umonakalo onokwenzeka ixesha elide.
Ingozi ephambili kukopha . Oku kunokwenzeka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
- Ukopha okuvela kwindawo yokufaka i-cannula
- Ukopha empumlweni
- Igazi kumchamo
- Igazi esitulweni
- Ukopha kakhulu kwilungu lobufazi kubafazi
- Ingozi engaqhelekanga kodwa enzulu kakhulu kukopha kwegazi ebuchotsheni .
Kodwa khumbula, kubantu abaninzi, iingenelo zolu nyango zingaphezulu kakhulu kuneengozi. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba oku kulungile na kuwe.
Unyango alusoloko luphumelela ngokupheleleyo. Kwiimeko ezimalunga nama-25%, ihlwili legazi lisenokunganyibiliki ngokupheleleyo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kunokufuneka kusetyenziswe ezinye iindlela zonyango.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphiliswa?
Ixesha lokuchacha liyahluka kumntu nomntu. Ngokwesiqhelo kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele ubuncinane usuku olunye emva konyango. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba imeko yakho imbi kakhulu, kunokufuneka uhlale esibhedlele ixesha elide.
Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinje ngokopha kakhulu, iintlungu ezinganyamezelekiyo, okanye umkhuhlane emva konyango, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye wazise isibhedlele apho ufumene khona unyango.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Unyango lwe-Fibrinolytic lunyango olungxamisekileyo olunikezelwa ukunyibilikisa amahlwili egazi asongela ubomi, afana nalawo abangelwa kukuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi.
- Ixesha libaluleke kakhulu kolu nyango. Ukuba kuvela iimpawu zestroke, ukuya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngokukhawuleza kunokusindisa ubomi.
- Olu nyango alufanelekanga kuye wonke umntu. Oogqirha baya kugqiba ukuba lufanelekile na okanye alufanelekanga ngokusekelwe kwimeko yakho.
- Nangona ingozi ephambili ikukuphuma kwegazi, iingenelo zonyango zidla ngokuba zingaphezulu kuneengozi.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela iingcebiso zonyango nokuba sele kudlule unyango kwaye ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki ezinokubakho.
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