Ngaba wakha wayibona iqhuma elincinci ngaphambili entanyeni yakho ngelixa uhlamba okanye ujonge esipilini? Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye unexhala xa ubona into efana naleyo. Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba olu luphawu lwesifo okanye umhlaza oyingozi. Kodwa into enye onokuyenza kukuba uninzi lwexesha, la ngamaqhuma angengomhlaza (iiThyroid Nodules) aqala kwi-thyroid gland, kwaye akukho nto yokoyika. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula nangendlela onokuyiqonda.
Okokuqala, masibone, yintoni le ndlala ye-thyroid?
Ngamafutshane, i-thyroid gland sisitho esincinci esikwicala elingaphambili entanyeni yethu, ngaphantsi nje kwe-apile ka-Adam. Simile okwebhabhathane. Liyinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo ye-endocrine yomzimba wethu.
Le gland ivelisa iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zeehomoni: i-thyroxine (T4) kunye ne-triiodothyronine (T3). Ezi homoni zibandakanyeka kwimisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu.
- I-Metabolism: Ilawula isantya apho ukutya esikutyayo kuguqulwa khona kube ngamandla.
- Ubushushu bomzimba: Bunceda ukugcina ubushushu bomzimba wethu bukwinqanaba elifanelekileyo.
- Imo Yengqondo: Ichaphazela imeko yethu yengqondo, njengolonwabo kunye nexhala.
- Isantya sentliziyo: Ilawula isantya esibetha ngaso intliziyo.
- Ukugaya: Ikwanceda inkqubo yokugaya ukutya isebenze kakuhle.
Ngoko ke zithini ii-nodules ze-thyroid?
Iqhubu le-thyroid liqhubu okanye ithumba elivela ekukhuleni okungaqhelekanga kweeseli ngaphakathi kwe-thyroid gland ekhankanyiweyo. Ezi zinokwahlulwa zibe:
- Ukuzimela: Kunokubakho iqhina elinye kuphela.
- Zininzi: Kusenokuba kukho amaqhina angaphezu kwelinye.
- I-Cystic: Ii-cystic cysts zii-cysts ezizaliswe lulwelo.
- Iqinile: Iiseli eziqinileyo ezenziwe ziiseli ngokupheleleyo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyazi apha kukuba ngaphezulu kwe-90% yamaqhuqhuva e-thyroid afunyanwayo anobungozi . Oko kukuthi, awanawo umhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, ipesenti encinci kakhulu, malunga ne-4% - 6.5%, inokuba ngumhlaza (umhlaza we-thyroid). Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ukuba ubona iqhuqhuva entanyeni yakho.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuphuhliswa kwala maqhina?
Nabani na unokuba namaqhuqhuva e-thyroid, nokuba ngumntwana. Nangona kunjalo, abafazi banamathuba aphindwe kane okuba nawo kunamadoda. Ukongeza, kukho nezinye izinto ezininzi ezinobungozi:
- Ukunqongophala kwe-iodine:Le meko ixhaphakile kumazwe apho ukutya esikutyayo kuncinci kwi-iodine (kwilizwe lethu, le ngozi iphantsi kuba sisebenzisa ityuwa ene-iodine).
- Imbali yosapho: Ukuba kukho nabani na kusapho onamaqhuqhuva e-thyroid okanye umhlaza we-thyroid.
- Ukukhula kweminyaka: Amathuba okuba ezi zinto zikhule ayanda njengoko iminyaka ikhula.
- Ukuvezwa kwimitha: Ingakumbi ukuba wanyangwa ngemitha entanyeni usengumntwana.
- I-anemia yokunqongophala kwe-iron.
- Ukutshaya.
- Ukutyeba kakhulu.
- Ukusela utywala.
- Abafazi abane- fibroids yesibeleko .
Abantu abaninzi abanazo iimpawu! Ngoko ke wazi njani?
Ixesha elininzi, amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid awabangeli zimpawu. Usenokuba namaqhuqhuva entanyeni yakho ungaqondanga. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba kukho amaqhuqhuva angaphezu kwelinye okanye ukuba iqhuqhuva likhulu, unokukwazi ukuliva okanye ukulibona xa uzijonga esipilini.
Amaxesha amaninzi, ukuba amaqhuqhuva aba makhulu kakhulu, anokucinezela umqala kunye nomqala entanyeni, nto leyo ebangela ezi mpawu zilandelayo. Amanye amaqhuqhuva anokubangela iimpawu ngenxa yokuveliswa kakhulu okanye ukungabikho kakuhle kweehomoni. Makhe sijonge ezi ngokwahlukeneyo.
| Imeko | Iimpawu Ezihambelanayo |
|---|---|
| Uxinzelelo olubangelwa ngamaqhina amakhulu | - Ubunzima bokuginya - Ubunzima bokuphefumla - Ukurhawuzelela okanye ukutshintsha kwelizwi - Intlungu engaphambili entanyeni - Ukudumba kwentamo (iGoiter) |
| Ukuveliswa kakhulu kweehomoni (i-Hyperthyroidism) | - Ukubetha kwentliziyo (ukuziva ngathi kukho into ebetha esifubeni) - Ukungcangcazela, ukungazinzi - Ukunciphisa umzimba (nangona umnqweno wokutya uphezulu) - Ukuhamba rhoqo kwamathumbu, urhudo - Ukungalali - Ukuya exesheni okungacwangciswanga okanye okuyekileyo |
| Imveliso yehomoni ephantsi (iHypothyroidism) | - Ukudinwa kakhulu, ukozela - Ukungabi nangqondo ezandleni - Ukunyuka kobunzima bomzimba - Ulusu neenwele ezomileyo nezirhabaxa - Ukuqhinwa - Uxinzelelo - Ukuya exesheni kakhulu kwaye ixesha elide |
Ugqirha uyixilonga njani le nto? Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo?
Xa ubona ugqirha kuba uneqhuma entanyeni yakho, uya kuqala ahlole intamo yakho. Emva koko, banokuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze baphande ngakumbi ngeqhuma. Khumbula, ezi mvavanyo zenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba iqhuma linomhlaza okanye akunjalo.
| Igama lovavanyo | Ngamafutshane, wenza ntoni ngale nto? |
|---|---|
| Uvavanyo lwegazi le-thyroid | Amanqanaba egazi lakho eehomoni ze-thyroid (T3, T4) kunye ne-TSH ayajongwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba aqhelekile, aphezulu, okanye aphantsi. Oku kunokukunika umbono wendlela esebenza ngayo i-thyroid yakho. |
| Iskeni ye-ultrasound | Oku kusebenzisa amaza esandi ukudala umfanekiso ocacileyo wendlala yegilo kunye neqhubu. Kungakuxelela okuninzi malunga neqhubu, njengokuthi liqinile okanye ligcwele ulwelo, ubungakanani balo, kunye nokuma kwalo. Amaqhubu axineneyo asengozini enkulu yomhlaza. |
| i-biopsy yenaliti encinci (ukuthatha isampuli yeeseli ngenaliti) | Ukuba iqhuma liyakrokrela, ugqirha uza kufaka inaliti encinci kakhulu kwiqhuma aze athathe iiseli apho azithumele kwilebhu. Oku kunokukuxelela ngokuchanekileyo ngaphezu kwe-95% ukuba iqhuma linomhlaza okanye akunjalo. |
| Iskeni ye-thyroid | Kolu vavanyo, unikwa inani elincinci kakhulu le-iodine ene-radioactive ukuze uyisele. Emva koko, ikhamera ekhethekileyo ijonga i-thyroid gland yakho. Oku kunokubonisa ukuba i-nodule ivelisa iihomoni (i-nodule eshushu) okanye akunjalo (i-nodule ebandayo). |
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo lweqhuqhuva, ubungakanani balo, iimpawu, kunye neziphumo ze-biopsy.
- Lumka uze ulinde: Ukuba i-biopsy iqinisekisa ukuba iqhuma alinamhlaza, kwaye alikubangeli ngxaki, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba ungafumani naluphi na unyango, kodwa kufuneka uhlolwe rhoqo (rhoqo kwiinyanga ezi-6 okanye ngonyaka) ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho utshintsho na kwiqhuma.
- Unyango lwe-iodine enemisebe: Olu nyango lunokunikwa ukuba i-nodule ibangela ukuveliswa kakhulu kweehomoni ze-thyroid (hyperthyroidism). Xa ithathwa njengepilisi, le iodine ifunxwa yi-thyroid gland kwaye ibangela ukuba i-nodule inciphe.
- Utyando: Utyando luyimfuneko kwiimeko ezilandelayo:
- Ukuba iqhuma liqinisekisiwe ukuba linesifo somhlaza.
- Ukuba kukho ukurhanelwa ukuba isenokuba ngumhlaza.
- Ukuba iqhuma liba likhulu kwaye libangela ubunzima bokuginya okanye ukuphefumla.
Khumbula, ungoyiki ukuba ubona iqhuma entanyeni yakho. Kodwa ungalibazi nalo. Ngokuqinisekileyo bonana nogqirha wakho uze ufumane ingcebiso.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Amaqhuqhuva e-thyroid axhaphake kakhulu, ingakumbi phakathi kwabasetyhini.
- Ngaphezulu kwama-90% ala maqhuqhuva awangomhlaza , ngoko ke akukho mfuneko yokoyika kuba nje uneqhuqhuva.
- Uninzi lwamaqhuqhuva alubangeli zimpawu. Afumaneka ngengozi.
- Ukuba ubona okanye uziva iqhuma entanyeni yakho, musa ukulityeshela kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo funa ingcebiso kagqirha.
- Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo lweqhubu. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukujongwa kuphela kunokwanela ngaphandle konyango.
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