Ngaba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okhe waxhuzula kakhulu ngolu hlobo? Masifunde nge-Tonic-Clonic (ekwaziwa ngokuba yiGrand Mal) seizures!

Ngaba wakha wambona umntu eqhaqhazela ngequbuliso aze alahlekelwe zingqondo? Basenokude bavuza amathe. Sonke siyoyika xa sibona imeko enjalo, akunjalo? Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuxhuzula ezenzeka ngolu hlobo. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngokuxhuzula kweTonic-Clonic (Grand Mal), okuluhlobo lokuxhuzula olunzima kancinci kodwa olwaziwayo phakathi kwabantu abaninzi. Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni kanye kanye, kutheni kusenzeka, zithini iimpawu, kwaye yintoni esifanele siyenze kwimeko enjalo.

Yintoni i-tonic-clonic okanye i-grand mal seizure?

Ngamafutshane, i-tonic-clonic seizure yi-seizure enzima apho izihlunu kumacala omabini omzimba wethu zisebenza kwaye ziqhaqhazela ngequbuliso. Olu luhlobo abantu abaninzi abacinga ngalo xa besiva igama elithi "seizure" kwaye kulula ukuliqonda. Yayibizwa ngokuba yi-"Grand Mal." Ligama lesiFrentshi elithetha into efana "nokugula okukhulu."

Igama elithi "Tonic-Clonic" libonisa ukuba olu hlobo lokuxhuzula lunezigaba ezimbini eziphambili.

1. Isigaba seTonic: Oku kuxa izihlunu zomzimba wonke, ingakumbi iingalo nemilenze, ziqina ngequbuliso.

2. Isigaba seClonic: Oku kulandelwa kukuxhuzula komzimba, okanye ukuxhuzula.

Olu hlobo lokuxhuzula lwahluke njani kwezinye iintlobo zokuxhuzula kunye nokuxhuzula?

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesifo sokuxhuzula. Ezinye zazo zinamagama afanayo, nto leyo enokubangela ukudideka. Makhe sijonge umahluko ophambili:

• Ukuxhuzula kwemisipha okubangelwa kukuqunjelwa: Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba "kukuhlaselwa ngamaconsi," oku kukuqunjelwa kwemisipha ngequbuliso, okungenanjongo, okubangela ukuba umntu awe phantsi. Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wokwenzakala ngenxa yokuwa.
• Ukuxhuzula kweTonic: Oku kufana nokuxhuzula kweTonic-clonic, kodwa i-clonic phase, okanye ukuxhuzula, akwenzeki. Umntu unokulahlekelwa yingqondo aze aqine, kodwa akukho kuxhuzula.
• Ukuxhuzula ngeClonic: Oku kukuxhuzula okwenzeka ngaphandle kwesigaba sokuthomalalisa, kuze ngequbuliso kungene kwisigaba sokuxhuzula ngeClonic. Oku kuthetha ukuba umzimba awuqini, kodwa endaweni yoko uqala ukuxhuzula kwaye usenokulahlekelwa zingqondo.
• Ukuxhuzula kwe-Myoclonic: Oku kuxhuzula ngequbuliso kweqela lemisipha. Kufana nokubethwa kukuxhuzula ngombane. Ukuba kuchaphazela imilenze, ungade uwe. (Kodwa nantsi into encinci: Xa sixhuzula ngequbuliso imizimba yethu xa siza kulala, kuthiwa yi-'myoclonic jerk.' Kuqhelekile, asikuko ukuxhuzula okanye isifo sokuwa. )
• Isifo sokuwa: Isifo sokuwa sisifo sengqondo esibangela ukuxhuzula rhoqo, okungachazwanga. Oogqirha bafumanisa isifo sokuwa ngokuthi:Oku kwenziwa rhoqo ukuba ubukhe waba nokuxhuzula okungalindelekanga kabini kwixesha elingaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-24, okanye ukuba ubukhe waba nokuxhuzula okukodwa kwaye kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokuba nolunye kwiminyaka eli-10 ezayo.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yile meko? Ixhaphake kangakanani?

Nabani na unokuba nesifo sokuxhuzula, kodwa abanye abantu banamathuba amaninzi okuba naso. Ukuxhuzula kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abancinci nakubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala.

Lilonke, malunga nama-25% abantu abanesithuthwane banesithuthwane esine-tonic-clonic. Ngokwezibalo eMelika, malunga ne-11% yabantu baya kuba nesithuthwane ebomini babo, kwaye malunga ne-3% yabo baya kufunyaniswa benesifo sokuwa. Malunga ne-1% yezigulana eziza kumasebe angxamisekileyo zezo ziza ngenxa yesithuthwane.

Olu hlobo lokuxhuzula luchaphazela njani umzimba?

Ukuxhuzula kukutshintsha okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwendlela iiseli zethu zengqondo, ezibizwa ngokuba zii-neurons, ezithumela ngayo imiqondiso yombane. Ngexesha lokuxhuzula, ezi neurons zihlala zidubula ngokungalawulekiyo, nto leyo esasazeka kwezinye ii-neurons.

Ukuxhuzula nge-tonic-clonic kukuthiwa yi-"generalized seizure". Oku kuthetha ukuba kuchaphazela omabini amacala engqondo. Oku kubangela ukulahlekelwa zingqondo, ubuthathaka bemisipha emzimbeni wonke, kunye neentshukumo ezingalawulekiyo ezifana nokuxhuzula nokungcangcazela.

Isimo se-Epilepticus - Oku kuyingozi!

Kubalulekile: Ukuba umntu unesifo sokuxhuzula esihlala ixesha elingaphezulu kwemizuzu emihlanu, okanye ukuba esinye isifo siphela size esinye sivele ngaphambi kokuba abuyele ezingqondweni, oko kubizwa ngokuba yi-status epilepticus . Le yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango esongela ubomi! Inokubangela umonakalo ongapheliyo engqondweni kwanokufa.

Malunga nama-98% okuxhuzula kudla ngokuphela ngaphantsi kwemizuzu emihlanu. I-Status epilepticus inokwenzeka nangasiphi na isizathu esinokubangela ukuxhuzula.

Ukuba umntu unesithuthwane esithatha imizuzu engaphezu kwemi-5 ngelixa ulapho, okanye ukuba esinye sivele ngaphambi kokuba esokuqala siphele, nceda utsalele umnxeba ku-1990 (inkonzo ye-ambulensi engxamisekileyo yaseSri Lanka) ngoko nangoko, okanye umse esibhedlele esikufutshane. Ukuba i-status epilepticus ihlala ixesha elide, kunzima ngakumbi koogqirha ukuyimisa, kwaye kukho amathuba amakhulu okulimala kwengqondo.

Zithini iimpawu ze-tonic-clonic seizures?

Xa uninzi lwabantu lucinga "nge-seizures," bacinga nge-tonic-clonic seizures. Iimpawu zihlala zilula kwaye kulula ukuzibona. Kukho amanqanaba amathathu aphambili:

1. Isigaba se-Tonic (malunga nemizuzwana eli-10-30):

• Kwimeko enjalo, ngequbuliso ulahlekelwa zingqondo.
• Izihlunu zomzimba wonke, ingakumbi iingalo nemilenze, ziyaqina. Kusenokubonakala ngathi umzimba ugobile ngasemva kwaye isisu siphume.
• Njengoko izihlunu zokuphefumla ziqina, umoya uyaphuma emiphungeni, wenze isandi sokukhala.
• Ukuba uyawa ngeli xesha, okanye ukuba uqinisa amazinyo akho uze ulume ulwimi lwakho , ungenzakala.

2. Isigaba seClonic (imizuzwana engama-30-60, ngamanye amaxesha ibe nde):

• Kulapho umzimba wonke uqala ukungcangcazela nokungcangcazela (ukuxhuzula).
• Ungakhupha nencindi emlonyeni wakho.
• Iingxolo ziyancipha kancinci kancinci, kwaye kancinci kancinci ziyayeka.
• Ekupheleni kwesi sigaba, umchamo kunye nendle zinokuphuma, nto leyo ethetha ukuba zinokungena ezingubeni.

3. Isigaba sokuchacha emva kokuxhuzula (malunga nemizuzu engama-30):

• Uninzi lwabantu luyabuyela ezingqondweni kancinci kancinci emva kokuba isifo siphelile.
• Kodwa ungaziva udidekile, uneentloko ezibuhlungu, okanye uzive uneentlungu zomzimba . Ezi zizinto eziqhelekileyo.
• Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, ingakumbi ukuba kukho imeko efana ne-'Status epilepticus', kungathatha ixesha elide ukubuyela engqondweni.

Yintoni i-focal seizures kunye ne-aura?

Abantu abaninzi baba nemvakalelo, ixhala, ngaphambi kokuba umntu axhuzule. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'prodrome'. Ngamanye amaxesha le mvakalelo isenokuhamba ne-'aura'. I-aura yimvakalelo yokuba iindawo ezithile zobuchopho ziyachaphazeleka xa umntu exhuzula.

Ukuxhuzula okuqhelekileyo, njenge-tonic-clonic seizures, akuna-aura. Nangona kunjalo, ukuxhuzula okujoliswe kuko – ukuxhuzula okuchaphazela icala elinye lobuchopho – ngamanye amaxesha kunokusasazeka kuyo yonke ingqondo kuze kube yi-tonic-clonic seizure. I-aura eyandulela ukuxhuzula okujoliswe kuko ingaba luphawu lwesilumkiso lokuba kuza ukuxhuzula okujoliswe kuko.

I-aura ingaba neempawu ezilandelayo:

• Iimpawu zeemvakalelo: Ukuba iindawo zengqondo ezilawula iimvakalelo zakho ziyachaphazeleka, unokufumana iimvakalelo ezingezizo ozibonayo okanye ozivayo. Umzekelo, ungabona izibane ezinemibala, ubone izinto zihamba, uve izandi, ufumane incasa nevumba elingaqhelekanga, okanye uzive into ehamba eluswini lwakho.
• Utshintsho kwiimvakalelo: Abanye abantu banokuba neemvakalelo ezimbi ezifana noloyiko kunye nexhala. Abanye banokuba neemvakalelo ezintle ezifana nolonwabo kunye nochulumanco. Abanye banokuba neemvakalelo ezifana ne-'déjá vu' (ukuziva uqhelene namava amatsha) okanye i-'jamais vu' (ukuziva uqhelene namava amatsha).
• Iimpawu zokuzimela: Ezi zinokuchaphazela izinto ezilawulwa yimizimba yethu ngokuzenzekelayo. Umzekelo, ukubila, ukuvuza amathe kakhulu, ulusu olukhanyayo okanye olubomvu, kunye nokuvuka kwesisu.

Yintoni ebangela ukuxhuzula kwe-tonic-clonic?

Zininzi izizathu ezibangela oku kuxhuzula. Makhe sijonge ezona ziphambili:

• Ubuthathaka kwimithambo yegazi yengqondo (`ii-Aneurysms`).
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesingqisho sentliziyo (`Arrhythmias`), ingakumbi xa ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya engqondweni kuphazamiseka.
• Iithumba zobuchopho (ezinomhlaza nezingengomhlaza).
• Ukunqongophala kweoksijini engqondweni (`i-cerebral hypoxia`).
• Ukwenzakala okubangelwe kukubetheka kakhulu entloko (ukungqubana kwentloko kunye nokwenzakala kwengqondo okubuhlungu).
• Izifo eziye zibutyhafise kancinci kancinci ubuchopho, umzekelo isifo sika-Alzheimer, isifo sengqondo esibangelwa yi-frontotemporal dementia.
• Iziyobisi notywala (oku akubandakanyi amayeza kuphela, iziyobisi zokuzonwabisa, kodwa kwane-caffeine ekwikofu).
• Iimeko ezenzeka emva kokuyeka iziyobisi okanye utywala.
• I-Eclampsia (imeko apho abafazi abakhulelweyo baxhuzula ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu).
• Ukungalingani kwiityuwa zomzimba (ingakumbi i-sodium ephantsi - `hyponatremia`, i-calcium ephantsi, i-magnesium).
• Umkhuhlane, ingakumbi umkhuhlane ophezulu (sinenqaku elahlukileyo malunga nokuxhuzula okubangelwa yifiva ebantwaneni).
• Imitha yokukhanya ekhanyayo nekhanyayo (njengoko kubonwa kumabonwakude, kwiimuvi, kwimidlalo yevidiyo).
• Izifo zemfuza ezizalwa nazo (`iingxaki zemfuza`).
• Utshintsho kwiihomoni (umz., i-catamenial epilepsy, imeko apho abanye abafazi bafumana ukuxhuzula okungakumbi ngexesha lokuya exesheni).
• Iintsholongwane (ingakumbi i-encephalitis okanye i-meningitis; ezi zinokubangelwa ziintsholongwane, iibhaktheriya, iiparasites, okanye iifungi).
• Iimeko zokuzikhusela komzimba ezibangelwa kukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.
• Ukungalali kakuhle nezinye iingxaki zokulala.
• Iingxaki zemetabolism (ingakumbi iswekile ephezulu yegazi - `i-hyperglycemia` okanye iswekile ephantsi yegazi - `i-hypoglycemia`).
• Iingxaki zempilo yengqondo (ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi-'psychogenic seizures', umz. 'conversion disorder').
• Iingxaki ngesakhiwo sobuchopho (ingakumbi ngenxa yeengxaki ezenzeka xa ingqondo ikhula esibelekweni).
• I-Sepsis (imeko esongela ubomi apho usulelo lusasazeka emzimbeni wonke kwaye inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela isabela ngokugqithisileyo).
• Iistroke okanye ukuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic okuhamba kancinci (ii-TIA).
• Iityhefu (umz. ukutyhefa nge-carbon monoxide, ukutyhefa ngesinyithi esinzima).

Ukuxhuzula okucaphukileyo nokungacatshukiswanga

Xa oogqirha befumanisa ukuba umntu unesithuthwane, bajonga nokuba `uvukile` okanye `awuvuki`.

• Ukuxhuzula okubangelwa kukuzibamba: Oku kwenzeka njengophawu lwenye imeko yezonyango okanye ngenxa yesiganeko esithile (umz., umkhuhlane ophezulu, iswekile ephantsi egazini, ukuyeka amayeza, iziyobisi, okanye utywala).
• Ukuxhuzula okungavuswanga: Oku kukuxhuzula okungenzekiyo njengophawu lokugula okwethutyana okanye isiganeko esithile. Ukuxhuzula okwenzeka emva kweentsuku ezisixhenxe, njengokwenzakala entloko okanye istroke, nako kuwela kolu luhlu.

Ngaba ukuxhuzula kwe-tonic-clonic kuyasulelana?

Hayi, ukuxhuzula nge-tonic-clonic akuhambisani.Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izinto, ezifana nosulelo olubangela ukuxhuzula, zinokosulela (nangona ingengabo bonke usulelo olubangela ukuxhuzula). Kwakhona, ezinye iimeko ezibangela ukuxhuzula ziyimfuza (zinokudluliselwa kubazali ukuya ebantwaneni).

Ifunyanwa njani isifo sokuwa se-tonic-clonic?

Ugqirha wakho, odla ngokuba yingcali yezifo zengqondo, unokuxilonga isifo sokuxhuzula nge-tonic-clonic ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu. Ngenxa yokuba ulahlekelwa zingqondo ngexesha lokuxhuzula, unokukhumbula kuphela oko ukuvileyo ngaphambi nasemva kokuba uxhuzule. Kwimeko enjalo, ugqirha angacela umntu obekunye nawe ukuba akuchazele okwenzekileyo.

Ukuba ubona umntu exhuzula, ingakumbi ukuba uqinile, uyaxhuzula, okanye uyangcangcazela, ugqirha angakucela ukuba uchaze iimpawu. Ukumxelela into oyibonayo kunokuba luncedo kakhulu ekufumaneni unobangela.

Luhlobo luni lovavanyo oluqhutywayo?

Kukho iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo zokufumanisa ukuba ngaba une-tonic-clonic seizures okanye awunayo. Ezona vavanyo ziqhelekileyo zezi:

• I-Electroencephalogram (EEG): Le ilinganisa umsebenzi wombane wengqondo.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Olu vavanyo lukhangela izinto ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwemetabolism, ukungalingani kweekhemikhali egazini, iingxaki zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, kunye neetyhefu.
• I-computerized tomography scan (CT scan): Ithatha imifanekiso yengqondo enqamlezileyo.
• I-Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): Oku kukwathatha imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zobuchopho.
• Ukumpompa komqolo (ukubhoboza i-lumbar): Ukujonga izinto ezifana nosulelo engqondweni nasemgogodleni.

Xa befumanisa isifo sokuwa, oogqirha bazama ukufumana indawo ethile engqondweni ('indawo egxile kuyo') apho kuqala khona ukuwa. Ukuba banokuyifumana le ndawo, inempembelelo enkulu kwindlela unyango oluqhutywa ngayo.

Ukuxhuzula nge-Tonic-clonic kunokubangela ukulahlekelwa zingqondo, ukuqina kwemihlathi, kunye nomngcipheko wokwenzakala ngenxa yokutsiba okanye ukubetha izinto. Ukuba oogqirha bacinga ukuba kukho ezinye iingozi okanye iingxaki ezivela ekuxhuzuleni, banokuyalela iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ukongeza kwezo zidweliswe apha ngasentla. Ugqirha wakho uya kukwazi ukukuxelela ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo ezifanelekileyo kwimeko yakho kunye nesizathu sokuba zenziwe.

Zinyangwa njani ii-tonic-clonic seisures? Ngaba oku kunokunyangeka?

Ukuxhuzula kwe-Tonic-clonic kudla ngokuziyeka ngokwako. Ngoko ke, akukho nyango ngqo lokuxhuzula ngelixa kusenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, kwahlukile ukuba une-status epilepticus (ukuxhuzula okuhlala ngaphezulu kwemizuzu emi-5 kwaye kulandelwe kokunye ngaphambi kokuba okungaphambili kuphele).

Unyango lwe-seizures luxhomekeke kwinto ebangele ukuba ziqale. Ukuba une-"provoked seizures", ii-seizures kufuneka ziyeke xa imeko ebangela ukuba zinyangwe okanye zinyangiwe. Ukuba unobangela ongundoqo awunakunyangwa, oogqirha baya kuzama ukunciphisa ukuphindaphindeka kunye nobunzima be-seizures.

Oogqirha ngokubanzi abacebisi ukunyanga ukuxhuzula kokuqala okungavuswanga kuba akukho ndlela yokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba kuza kubakho okunye ukuxhuzula, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, akukho sizathu sokukunyanga.

Oogqirha banokubona ukuba usengozini yokuba nesinye isifo sokuxhuzula ngokujonga imbali yakho yezonyango, i-EEG, i-CT scan, okanye i-MRI scan.

Zeziphi iintlobo zamayeza okanye unyango olusetyenziswayo?

Njengazo zonke iintlobo zokuxhuzula, kukho iindlela ezininzi zonyango zokuxhuzula nge-tonic-clonic ezibangelwa yi-epilepsy. Abanye abantu banokulawula ukuxhuzula kwabo ngeyeza elinye kuphela. Abanye banokufuna indibaniselwano yamayeza kunye nolunye unyango.

Ezinye zeendlela zonyango ze-tonic-clonic seizures ezibangelwa yi-epilepsy ziquka:

• Amayeza: Kukho amayeza e-IV anokunikwa ukunqanda ukuxhuzula; nangona kunjalo, la adla ngokunikezelwa kuphela kwiimeko ze-status epilepticus. Kukwakho neepilisi ezithathwa yonke imihla ukuthintela ukuxhuzula okanye ukunciphisa ukwenzeka kwazo. La ngamayeza okuqala anikwa ukuxhuzula okubangelwa kukuxhuzula.
• Utyando lwesifo sokuwa: Ukuba amayeza awasebenzi, ngamanye amaxesha utyando lunokwenziwa ukuze kuthintelwe ukuxhuzula ngokususa inxalenye yengqondo (indawo ephambili) apho kuqala khona ukuxhuzula, okanye ngokuyihlukanisa nezinye iindawo zengqondo. Ukuba ukuxhuzula kuyaqhubeka nangona kuthathwe iintlobo ezimbini zamayeza okulwa nokuxhuzula kwiidosi ezicetyiswayo, oogqirha banokucebisa utyando lwesifo sokuwa.
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokutya: Ukutya okune-carb ephantsi okanye okungena-carb (`ketogenic diet`) ngamanye amaxesha kunokuthintela ngokupheleleyo ukuxhuzula okanye kunciphise ukuxhuzula rhoqo. Nangona oku kutya kunokuba nzima ukukulandela, kunokuba luncedo kubantu abangakhange baphendule kumayeza okanye abaneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi kakhulu ngamayeza. Kwakhona ziyindlela yokukhetha kubantu abangafuni ukwenza utyando.
• Ukuvuselela ubuchopho: Oku kuquka ukufaka isixhobo esincinci engqondweni nokuhambisa umbane engqondweni. Lo mbane uphazamisa umsebenzi wombane wesifo sokuxhuzula kwaye uzama ukuwumisa. Okwangoku kukho iindlela ezimbini, ukuvuselela ubuchopho obujulileyo kunye nokuvuselela ingqondo okuphendulayo.
• Ukuvuselelwa kwemithambo-luvo yesitho sangasese somnye: Imithambo-luvo yethu yeshumi yentloko, imithambo-luvo yesitho sangasese somnye, iqhagamshelwe ngqo nengqondo. Ukuvuselelwa kombane kwecala lasekhohlo lale mithambo-luvo kunokunciphisa ukuxhuzula rhoqo.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye iingxaki zonyango?

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye neengxaki zezi ndlela zonyango zixhomekeke kunyango, imbali yakho yempilo kunye neemeko, kunye nohlobo lwesifo sokuwa onaso. Ugqirha wakho angakuxelela okungakumbi ngale nto. Angakuxelela nokuba yintoni omawuyilumkele kunye nendlela yokunciphisa iziphumo zayo.

Ndingazinyamekela njani kwaye ndilawule njani iimpawu zam?

Ungaze unyange isifo sokuxhuzula wedwa, ucinga ukuba sisifo sokuxhuzula nje. Ukuxhuzula kusenokuba luphawu lwesifo esinzima esichaphazela ingqondo. Ekubeni isifo sokuxhuzula se-tonic-clonic sibangela ukulahlekelwa zingqondo, usenokungazi ukuba kwenzeke ntoni ngexesha lokuxhuzula.

Ukuba wena okanye umntu osondeleyo kuwe unesithuthwane okokuqala, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha. Ugqirha ofanelekileyo unokujonga iimpawu zesithuthwane kunye nezizathu ezinokubakho.

Kuthekani ukuba umntu unesithuthwane ngelixa ndilapho?

Ukuba umntu unesithuthwane ngelixa ulapho, kukho amanyathelo oncedo lokuqala onokuwathatha. Nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza nezinto ongamele uzenze:

Izinto ekufuneka zenziwe (Okufuneka Uzenze):

• Mbone ukuba angaphefumla na. Khulula impahla entanyeni yakhe.
• Susa naziphi na izinto eziyingozi ezikufutshane naye. Susa naziphi na izinto eziqhekekayo okanye nantoni na enokuwela phezu kwakhe. Ukuba unxibe iiglasi, zikhuphe ngononophelo uze uzibeke ecaleni.
• Mjike ame ecaleni kwakhe (indawo yokuhlangula). Le ndlela yokuma yenza kube lula ukuphefumla kwaye ithintela amathe okanye ukuhlanza ukuba kungangeni kwindlela yomoya .
• Zama ukurekhoda ubude bexesha lokuxhuzula kangangoko unako. Olu lwazi lunokuba lubaluleke kakhulu kugqirha. Lunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba lufuneka na uncedo lwezonyango olungxamisekileyo.
• Hlala nomntu emva kokuba ukuxhuzula kuphelile kwaye ade abuyele ezingqondweni. Umntu obenokuxhuzula usenokuziva edidekile kwaye esoyika xa ebuyela ezingqondweni. Mthuthuzele kwaye umkhuthaze.
• Emva kokuba ebuyele ezingqondweni, jonga ukuba uphilile na. Jonga ukuba uneengozi ezibangelwe kukuxhuzula na kwaye ufuna unyango. Ukuba ubetheke entloko, okanye ukuba ucinga ukuba unokwenzakala entanyeni okanye emqolo, kukhuselekile ukufuna unyango. Emva koko singajonga ukuba akukho monakalo mkhulu esingenakuwubona.
• Ukuba une-status epilepticus, fowunela uncedo. Ukuba i-surticulty ithatha imizuzu engaphezu kwemihlanu, okanye ukuba enye ivele ngaphambi kokuba eyokuqala iphele, fowunela i-1990 (inkonzo ye-ambulensi engxamisekileyo yaseSri Lanka) ngoko nangoko. Oku kusongela ubomi!

Musa ukwenza oku:

• Musa ukuzama ukumcinezela okanye ukumvumela ukuba ashukume. Wena okanye omnye umntu ninokwenzakala.
• Musa ukufaka nto emlonyeni wakho. Zininzi iintsomi malunga nokuxhuzula. Enye kukuba kufuneka ufake into efana necephe okanye ibhanti emlonyeni wakho ukuze ungalumi ulwimi lwakho. Nceda ungakwenzi oko.Akuyonto ilungileyo ukufaka nantoni na emlonyeni womntu onesifo sokuxhuzula. Ungazilimaza wena okanye omnye umntu.
• Ungakhathazeki. Hlala uzolile. Ukuba abantu abakungqongileyo bakhathazekile, zama ukubathuthuzela nabo.

Ndiza kuziva bhetele nini emva konyango?

Ixesha lokuchacha lixhomekeke ekubeni loluphi unyango olunikiweyo kunye nokuba yintoni ebangele ukuxhuzula. Ugqirha wakho angakuxelela okungakumbi ngale nto, ukuba kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani, kwaye uza kuziva ungcono nini.

Ndingayinciphisa njani ingozi yoku? Ngaba ukuxhuzula kungathintelwa?

Ekubeni nabani na enokuba nokuxhuzula phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo, akunakwenzeka ukuthintela ngokupheleleyo ukuxhuzula. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banamathuba amaninzi okuba nokuxhuzula. Ke ngoko, kukho izinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho.

Izinto ezilungileyo onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba nesithuthwane zezi:

• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo kwaye ugcine ubunzima obusempilweni. Oku kunokunceda ekuthinteleni izifo zenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi (umz. istroke) kunye nokungalingani kwe-electrolyte.
• Musa ukungazinanzi iintsholongwane. Ukunyanga iintsholongwane kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuxhuzula, nokuba kubangelwa lusulelo okanye umkhuhlane ophezulu ohambelana nalo.
• Nxiba izixhobo zokhuseleko. Izigcina-ntloko kunye neebhanti zesihlalo zinokunceda ekuthinteleni ukuxhuzula okubangelwa kukwenzakala entloko.
• Musa ukusebenzisa kakubi utywala, amayeza, okanye iziyobisi. Ukusebenzisa okanye ukuyeka ezi zinto kunokubangela ukuxhuzula. Ukuba uxhomekeke kutywala okanye iziyobisi, ugqirha wakho wosapho unokukunceda ufumane iindawo kunye neenkonzo ezikhethekileyo ezinokukunceda ukuphelisa ezo ngxaki.
• Lawula iimeko zakho zempilo. Ukuxhuzula kunokubangelwa ngokuthe ngqo zizifo ezingapheliyo okanye ezinye iimeko ezinxulumene nokuxhuzula. Umzekelo, ukuba unesifo seswekile (uhlobo 1 lweswekile okanye uhlobo 2 lweswekile), lawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho.
• Ziphephe izinto ezinokubangela ukuxhuzula. Abantu abakhe baxhuzula ngaphambili ngenxa yezinto ezifana nezibane ezikhanyayo kufuneka baziphephe kangangoko banako ezo zinto.

Ukuba ndikhe ndane tonic-clonic seizures enye okanye ezingaphezulu, ndimele ndilindele ntoni?

Malunga nesiqingatha sabantu abakhe baxhuzula ngaphandle kwesizathu baza kuba nesinye. Malunga nama-75% abantu abakhe baxhuzula okwesibini baza kuba nesinye. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha befumanisa ukuba isifo sesibini esingashukumiyo sisifo sokuwa baze baqalise unyango lwaso.

Kwabo baqala amayeza, kusenokufuneka bazame amayeza amaninzi, okanye indibaniselwano yamayeza, endaweni yelinye kuphela. Nokuba amayeza awancedi, kukho ezinye iindlela zonyango ezinokunceda ukunciphisa ukuxhaphaka kokuxhuzula kunye nobunzima bazo.

Le meko iza kuhlala ixesha elingakanani?

Ukuba ukuxhuzula okucaphukileyo kuya kuyeka okanye akunjalo kuxhomekeke ekubeni isifo okanye ingxaki ebangele oku kunokunyangwa na. Kubantu abaninzi, xa ingxaki esisiseko iphelile, ukuxhuzula akuyi kuphinda kwenzeke, ngaphandle kokuba kubuye.

Isifo sokuwa sisifo esihlala ubomi bonke kuba asinakunyangeka. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, unobangela wokuwa unokunyangeka. Xa oko kwenziwe, kwaye ukwazi ukuhlala ungenasifo sokuwa, imeko yakho kuthiwa "ikwimeko entle."

Iyintoni ingqikelelo yesifo sokuwa kwe-tonic-clonic?

Kwi-provoked tonic-clonic seizures, i-prognosis ixhomekeke kwimeko engundoqo. Ukuba imeko inganyangeka, kwaye ufumana unyango kwangethuba, i-prognosis idla ngokuba ntle. Ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ngcono ukuba i-prognosis iyintoni imeko yakho kunye nento onokuyenza.

Nangona ukuxhuzula okubangelwa zizifo ezingapheliyo okanye ezinzulu (umz. umhlaza, umonakalo osisigxina wobuchopho) ngamanye amaxesha kunokunyangeka, ukuxhuzula kudla ngokuba kubi ngenxa yesizathu esiyintloko. Ukuxhuzula okubangelwa ziimeko zemfuza kunye nezokuzalwa nako kunesibikezelo esibi.

Imeko yokuxhuzula okungabangelwanga ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka imeko ebangela oku, ubukhali bokuxhuzula, ukuba kwenzeka kangaphi, nokuba unyango luyanceda na.

Ukufa okungalindelekanga ngequbuliso kwisifo sokuwa (i-SUDEP)

I-SUDEP yimeko engaqhelekanga enokuchaphazela nabani na onesifo sokuwa, kodwa ayifane yenzeke xa inyangwa. Umntu omnye kwabayi-150 onesifo sokuwa esinganyangwanga usengozini ye-SUDEP, xa kuthelekiswa nomntu omnye kwabayi-1000 onesifo sokuwa esinyangwayo.

Iingcali azikayazi kakuhle ukuba kutheni i-SUDEP isenzeka. Eyona ngcaciso ilungileyo okwangoku kukuba ibangelwa ziingxaki zentliziyo okanye zokuphefumla ezinokubakho kunye nokuxhuzula.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ukuba ukhe waba ne-tonic-clonic seizure kanye, licebo elihle ukwazi ukuba wenze ntoni ukuba uphinde waba ne-seizure. Ukuba uphinde waba ne-seizure okanye ukuba unesifo esinokubangela i-seizure, bona ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ufumanisa ukuba unesifo sokuwa, kukho izinto ezininzi onokuzenza ukunceda ukulawula esi sifo:

• Sela amayeza akho njengoko kuyalelwe. Kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokusela amayeza akho, nokuba uzive ungcono. Ufanele uyeke ukuwasela amayeza akho emva kokuthetha nogqirha wakho naxa ekuxelela ukuba wenjenjalo.
• Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neendlela onokukhetha kuzo. Ukuba ufuna ukunciphisa amayeza akho okanye utshintshele kwelinye iyeza, thetha nogqirha wakho. Angakunika isikhokelo sendlela yokwenza oku ngokukhuselekileyo kunye neendlela onokukhetha kuzo ezikhoyo.
• Bona ugqirha njengoko kucwangcisiwe.Ezi ntlanganiso zibaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni imeko yakho, ukuyijonga, nokubona ukuba amayeza akho kunye nonyango lwakho lusebenza kakuhle na.
• Musa ukuzityeshela iimpawu. Ukuqatshelwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu kunyango lwe-seizures kunye ne-epilepsy.

Ndingaya nini kwigumbi likaxakeka?

Ukuba unesiganeko apho ulahlekelwa zingqondo kwaye ungazi ukuba kutheni, kufuneka uye kwigumbi likaxakeka. Abantu abaninzi banabantu ababangqongileyo xa beqala ukuxhuzula, kodwa ayingabo bonke abantu ababangqongileyo. Ukuba uwedwa kwaye ucinga ukuba uqalisa ukuxhuzula, kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko.

Ukuba umntu onesifo sokuxhuzula uyazi ukuba unesifo sokuxhuzula, akusoloko kuyimfuneko ukubiza i-ambulensi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba isifo sokuxhuzula sibangele ukwenzakala, unokufuna uncedo lwezonyango.

Ndifanele ndicele uncedo nini?

Ukuba umntu unesithuthwane ngelixa ukhona, khumbula ezi zinto:

• Ukuba le yingxaki yakhe yokuqala yokuxhuzula, cela uncedo. Nabani na onesifo sokuxhuzula sokuqala, nokuba kuyakrokrelwa okanye kuqinisekisiwe, kufuneka ahlolwe ngugqirha. Ukuxhuzula kudla ngokuba luphawu lwengxaki enkulu yempilo.
• Ukuba une-status epilepticus, funa uncedo. Ukuba i-surgery ithatha imizuzu engaphezu kwemihlanu, okanye ukuba enye ivele ngaphambi kokuba eyokuqala iphele, fowunela u-1990 (inkonzo ye-ambulensi yongxamiseko yaseSri Lanka) ngoko nangoko. Oku kusongela ubomi! Ukuba awubuyi engqondweni okanye awuphenduli ngokufanelekileyo kangangemizuzu engaphezu kwe-10-15 emva kokuba i-surgery iyekile, kufuneka ufune uncedo olungxamisekileyo. Oku kungaba luphawu lokuba i-surgery isaqhubeka engqondweni, nangona usenokuba awushukumi.

Ukuba ndinesifo sokuwa, ngaba kukhuselekile ukukhulelwa ngelixa ndisela amayeza?

Abafazi abanesifo sokuwa badla ngokuba nabantwana. Nangona kunjalo, amayeza amaninzi asetyenziswa ukunyanga isifo sokuwa awakhuselekanga ukuwasebenzisa ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kuba anokuphazamisana nokukhula komntwana esibelekweni.

Ngethamsanqa, kukho amanye amayeza angasetyenziswa okwethutyana ngexesha lokukhulelwa, okanye ngexesha elithile. Umntu ofanelekileyo ukuthetha naye ngale nto ngugqirha wakho. Angakunika isikhokelo esithe ngqo okanye akuthumele kwingcali.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Tonic-clonic seizures luhlobo lwe-seizure olulula ukuyiqonda kwaye ludla ngokuyoyikisa. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika xa uzibona okanye xa unazo. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwexesha, ziyeka zodwa kwimizuzu embalwa. Nangona zinokwenzeka ngezizathu ezininzi, ezi seizure zihlala ziphela, ingakumbi xa imeko engundoqo inyangwa. Xa ezi seizure zenzeka nge-epilepsy, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuzinyanga. Ngonyango olusebenzayo, abantu abaninzi abanale seizure - kwanabo bane-epilepsy - banokuphila ubomi obonwabisayo, obuphumelelayo nobanelisayo.

Ngoko ke, ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unengxaki ngento efana nale, ungoyiki ukufuna ingcebiso kugqirha. Unyango olukhawulezileyo lunokutshintsha izinto ezininzi zibe ngcono.

Ukuxhuzula kwe -Tonic-clonic, ukuxhuzula okukhulu, isifo sokuwa, iimpawu zokuxhuzula, uncedo lokuqala lokuxhuzula, imeko yokuxhuzula, izizathu zokuxhuzula