Xa ujonga umntwana wakho osandul’ ukuzalwa, ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uyaphawula ukuba imilebe yakhe kunye neminwe yakhe iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka? Okanye ngaba unengxaki nasemva kokusela ubisi? Ngamanye amaxesha ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zesifo sentliziyo sokuzalwa. Kuqhelekile ukuba nawuphi na umama okanye utata oyike xa ebona into efana nale. Namhlanje sithetha ngesifo sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga, kodwa esibaluleke kakhulu. YiTruncus Arteriosus leyo.
Kalula nje, yintoni le Truncus Arteriosus?
Kulungile, masiyiqonde le nto ngokulula. Umntwana osempilweni unemithambo yegazi emibini ephambili (imithambo yegazi) ephuma entliziyweni yakhe.
1. Umthambo Wemiphunga: Lo mzimba uthwala igazi elingcolileyo nelingenawo umoya-mpilo lisuka entliziyweni lisiya emiphungeni. Emiphungeni, eli gazi licocwa ngokongeza umoya-mpilo.
2. I-Aorta: Oku kusasaza igazi elineoksijini eninzi, elicociweyo emiphungeni, ukusuka entliziyweni ukuya emzimbeni wonke.
Kodwa kumntwana oneTruncus Arteriosus , endaweni yale mithambo yegazi mibini, kukho umthambo wegazi omnye omkhulu kuphela. Khawucinge nje, kukho indlela enye kuphela apho kufanele kubekho iindlela ezimbini.
Okwenzekayo kukuba igazi elinomoya-mpilo omninzi kunye negazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo omninzi ziyaxubana. Eli gazi lixutyiweyo lijikeleza emzimbeni womntwana. Oku kubeka uxinzelelo olungenakunyamezeleka entliziyweni nasemiphungeni yomntwana. Kukwathintela nezinye izitho zomzimba ekufumaneni umoya-mpilo azidingayo. Oogqirha bacinga ukuba esi siphene sentliziyo esibalulekileyo esizalwa naso . Ke ngoko, kufuneka sinyangwe ngokukhawuleza.
Ziziphi iimpawu ezindenza ndicinge ukuba umntwana wam unale meko?
Ezi mpawu zihlala ziqala ukubonakala kwiintsuku zokuqala emva kokuzalwa. Jonga ukuba umntwana wakho akanazo na ezi mpawu.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula ngayo |
|---|---|
| Ulusu oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye olungwevu (iCyanosis) | Kuvela umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye ongwevu, ingakumbi emlonyeni nakwiminwe yomntwana, kuba umzimba awufumani ioksijini eyaneleyo. |
| Ukulala kakhulu | Usana luhlala lulele. Kubonakala kunzima ukuluvusa. Lubonakala lungaphili. |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla | Usana lusenokubonakala ngathi luphefumla ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Lusenokuvakala ngathi lungena esifubeni sakho. |
| Ubunzima bokusela ubisi | Nokuba sele esele ubisi oluncinci, umntwana udinwe kakhulu. Uyabila, alale ngelixa esela, aze ayeke ukusela emva kwexesha elithile. |
| Ukunqongophala kobunzima | Umntwana akatyebi njengoko kufanele ukuba atyebe ngokweminyaka yakhe kuba akakwazi ukusela ubisi ngokufanelekileyo kwaye umzimba usebenzisa amandla amaninzi. |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo okubuthathaka | Nangona intliziyo yomntwana isenokuvakala ngathi ibetha ngokukhawuleza xa ubeka isandla sakho esifubeni sakhe, ukubetha kwentliziyo kusenokuba buthathaka. |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, musa ukoyika xa ubona enye okanye ezimbini zezi mpawu, kodwa bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko. Okukhona isifo sifunyanwa ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona kulula ukunyanga.
Kutheni oku kusenzeka kubantwana abancinci?
Izazinzulu azikayazi eyona sizathu soku. Uninzi lwexesha, kungenxa yokuba intliziyo ayikhuli kakuhle ngelixa umntwana ekhula esibelekweni. Ngokwesiqhelo, le ndlela inye ebizwa ngokuba yi-'truncus' ekhoyo kwi-embryo kufuneka kamva yahlulwe ibe ziinxalenye ezimbini ize yenze imithambo emibini. Kodwa kwezinye iintsana, olo qhekeko alwenzeki.
Oku kunxulunyaniswa neemeko ezithile zemfuza. Umzekelo yiDiGeorge syndrome . Ukongeza, le ngozi inokwandiswa zizinto ezithile ezichaphazela umama ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
- Umama unesifo seswekile.
- Usulelo lweentsholongwane olufana ne-rubella.
- Ukusebenzisa utywala okanye ezinye iziyobisi.
- Ukuchanabeka kwiikhemikhali eziyingozi ezifana nelothe.
Ezinye iingxaki zentliziyo ezinokwenzeka xa kukho le meko
Iintsana ezininzi ezineTruncus Arteriosus nazo zinento eyahlukileyo. Loo mngxuma useludongeni phakathi kwamagumbi amabini asezantsi (atrium) entliziyo. Oogqirha bathi oku yiVentricular Septal Defect (VSD) . Lo mngxuma ubangela ukuxubana kwegazi elicocekileyo nelingcolileyo.
Oogqirha bayifumana njani le nto?
Amaxesha amaninzi, oogqirha bayakukrokrela oku xa umntwana ebonisa ezi mpawu zingasentla emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa ezelwe. Emva koko, ukuqinisekisa isifo, into ephambili kukwenza uvavanyo lwe-echocardiogram (echo) . Oku kufana ne-ultrasound scan yentliziyo. Oku kunokubona ngokucacileyo ukuma kwentliziyo, imithambo yegazi, kunye nendlela igazi elihamba ngayo.
Ngamanye amaxesha, ngaphambi kokuba kuvele iimpawu, oku kunokucingelwa ukuba uvavanyo lwe -pulse oximetry (olulinganisa inqanaba le-oksijini egazini ngokuncamathisela ikliphu encinci emnweni) olwenziwa kuzo zonke iintsana esibhedlele lubonisa amanqanaba aphantsi e-oksijini.
Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba le meko ifunyanwe ngexesha le-ultrasound scans ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Oku kusenokuvakala kuyoyikisa, kodwa inyani yile yokuba iintsana ezinale meko zifuna utyando lwentliziyo kwiiveki zokuqala zokuzalwa. Olu lolona nyango lodwa. Olu tyando lusebenza ngokulungisa ulwakhiwo lwentliziyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yiRastelli repair , edla ngokwenziwa ngoogqirha, ugqirha otyandayo wenza oku kulandelayo:
- Umngxuma osentliziyweni (VSD) uvalwa ngento efana nesibambo.
- Umthambo wegazi omkhulu okhoyo (truncus) kuphela odalwa njenge-aorta entsha.
- Kusetyenziswa umbhobho kunye nevalvu yokwenziwa, kuveliswa umthambo omtsha wemiphunga othwala igazi ukuya emiphungeni.
Ngaba utyando luya kufuneka kwixesha elizayo?
Ewe. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi. Umjelo wokwenziwa obekwe ngexesha lotyando lokuqala awukhuli kunye nomntwana. Ke ngoko, njengoko umntwana ekhula, kuya kufuneka kwenziwe utyando olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwixesha elizayo ukuze kutshintshwe umjelo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela oku ngamanye amaxesha.
Ndingayinyamekela njani umntwana wam emva kotyando?
Emva kotyando, umntwana wakho kuya kufuneka aye kwikliniki yengcali yentliziyo ubomi bakhe bonke.
- Ngexesha lobuntwana, kufuneka ufumane unyango phantsi kogqirha wentliziyo wabantwana .
- Wakuba ufikelele kwiminyaka eli-18 ubudala, uza kuthunyelwa kwingcali yentliziyo yomntu omdala ozelwe.
Kunyanzelekile ukuya kwezi kliniki kuba zizo ezihlala zijonga ukusebenza kwentliziyo yomntwana, zenze uvavanyo olufunekayo, kwaye zigqibe ukuba uza kwenza nini utyando olulandelayo.
Ngaba umntwana angaphila nale meko? Ngaba angaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo?
Lo ngumbuzo omkhulu engqondweni yabo bonke abazali.
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Kodwa kuphela ukuba utyando lwenziwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Izinga lokusinda emva kotyando ngoku liphezulu kakhulu (phakathi kwe-80% - 97%). Kodwa kukwaxhomekeke nakwezinye izinto, ezinje ngobunzima bentliziyo yomntwana.
'Ubomi obuqhelekileyo' bahlukile kuye wonke umntu. Abanye abantwana baya kukwazi ukubaleka nokudlala njengabanye abantwana. Abanye banokuziva bediniwe xa bezilolonga. Kodwa ngolwalathiso olufanelekileyo lwezonyango, uninzi lwabantu lunokuya esikolweni, lufunde, lusebenze, kwaye lube nobomi bentsapho.
Olu hambo lunzima, kodwa awuwedwa. Oogqirha bakho, abahlengikazi, kunye nosapho lwakho baya kuba ngumthombo omkhulu wamandla kuwe.
Izibalo okanye iziphumo ozifunda kwi-intanethi azichazi ikamva lomntwana wakho. Zisishwankathelo nje sezinto esizaziyo ngoku. Themba iqela lakho loogqirha ukuba likhokele umntwana wakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Truncus Arteriosus sisifo sentliziyo esibuhlungu esibangelwa kukuzalwa apho kukho umthambo omnye kuphela entliziyweni endaweni yemithambo emibini ephambili.
- Iimpawu ezifana nolusu lomntwana oluguquka lube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-cyanosis), ubunzima bokuphefumla, kunye nobunzima bokuncancisa zinokubonakala kwiintsuku zokuqala emva kokuzalwa.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba ubona naziphi na ezi mpawu.
- Utyando lwentliziyo lubalulekile kwiiveki ezimbalwa zokuqala emva kokuzalwa ukuze kusindiswe ubomi bomntwana.
- Njengoko umntwana ekhula, kuza kufuneka utyando oluninzi.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba phantsi kweliso likagqirha wentliziyo ubomi bakho bonke.
- Ngonyango olufanelekileyo nokhathalelo, aba bantwana banokuphila ubomi obude nobulungileyo.
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