Isifo seswekile sisifo esiqhelekileyo esithethwa ngabantu abaninzi kuluntu lwethu namhlanje, kwaye abanye bayasoyika kancinci. Umele ukuba ukhe weva oku kuthethwa kakhulu ekhaya, phakathi kwezalamane, kunye nabahlobo. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngohlobo oluqhelekileyo lwesifo seswekile, 'uhlobo lwesibini lweswekile'. Ukuba oku kulawulwa ngokufanelekileyo, asiyonto yokoyika, khumbula oko kuqala.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni isifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini?
Kulungile, masiyiqonde le nto ngokulula. Ukutya esikutyayo kongeza iswekile (esiyibiza ngokuba yi-"glucose") egazini lethu. Le swekile yiyo enika imizimba yethu amandla. Kodwa sidinga umntu oza kuthumela le swekile kwiiseli zomzimba wethu. Loo msebenzi wenziwa yihomoni ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Insulin", eyenziwa lilungu elibizwa ngokuba yipancreas yethu. Cinga nge-insulin njengesitshixo esivula iingcango zeeseli zethu.
Enye yeengxaki ezimbini zenzeka kwisifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini.
1. Ukumelana ne-Insulin: Ngamanye amaxesha iiseli zomzimba wethu aziphenduli kakuhle kweso sitshixo (i-insulin). Kufana nomngxuma wesitshixo emnyango onomhlwa. Emva koko, nangona i-insulin ikhona, iingcango zeeseli azivuli.
2. Ukunqongophala kwe-insulin: Ekuhambeni kwexesha, i-pancreas yethu isebenza nzima ukwenza i-insulin ukuze yoyise olu xhathiso. Kodwa emva kwexesha elithile, iyadinwa kakhulu kwaye ayikwazi ukuvelisa i-insulin eyaneleyo.
Ngenxa yezi zizathu zimbini, iswekile egazini ayinakungena kwiiseli kwaye iqokelelane egazini. Yiyo loo nto sibiza amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile egazini `(Hyperglycemia) .` Inqanaba leswekile egazini lomntu ophilileyo lidla ngokuba phakathi kwe-70-99 mg/dL. Nangona kunjalo, kumntu onesifo seswekile, eli xabiso linokuba yi-126 mg/dL okanye ngaphezulu.
Zithini iimpawu zesi sifo? Jonga ukuba unazo na ezi
Enye yezinto ezikhethekileyo ngesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini kukuba iimpawu zaso zihlala zibonakala kancinci kakhulu. Ngoko ke abanye abantu basenokungazi nokuba banesifo seswekile kangangeminyaka. Kodwa kufuneka uqaphele ezi mpawu zilandelayo.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukoma rhoqo | Iswekile ephezulu egazini ibangela ukuba izintso zisebenze nzima. Oku kubangela ukugcinwa kolwelo kwaye kukwenze uzive ufuna ukusela amanzi amaninzi. |
| Ukuchama rhoqo | Kufuneka uchame rhoqo kuba usela amanzi amaninzi kwaye izintso zakho zizama ukususa iswekile engaphezulu emzimbeni wakho. |
| Ndiziva ndilambile kakhulu kunesiqhelo | Ngenxa yokuba iswekile ayingeni kwiiseli, umzimba awufumani amandla owadingayo. Ngenxa yoko, uhlala uthumela imiyalezo engqondweni ethi "Ndilambile." |
| Ndiziva ndidiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha | Umzimba uziva ungenabomi kwaye udiniwe kuba iiseli azikwazi ukufumana iswekile evelisa amandla. |
| Ukuphola kwenxeba okulibazisekileyo | Amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile egazini aphazamisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwaye onakalise imithambo-luvo, nto leyo enokucothisa ukuphiliswa kwamanxeba. |
| Ukungaziva okanye ukurhawuzelela kwamalungu | Amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile egazini anokonakalisa imithambo-luvo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-"Neuropathies". |
| Umbono ofipheleyo | Utshintsho kumanqanaba eswekile egazini lunokuchaphazela ilensi yeliso, nto leyo ebangela ukungaboni kakuhle okwethutyana. |
| Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu | Xa iiseli zingakwazi ukufumana iswekile ukuze zifumane amandla, umzimba uqala ukuqhekeza izihlunu kunye namafutha ukuze ufumane amandla. |
Kwabasetyhini, izifo ze-yeast ezixhaphakileyo okanye izifo zomchamo (UTIs) nazo zinokuba luphawu lwesifo seswekile. Ukuba unempawu enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuze ufumane ingcebiso.
Kutheni sifumana isifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini? Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?
Akukho sizathu sithile sibangela isifo seswekile. Siyindibaniselwano yezinto ezininzi.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba isifo seswekile asilotyala lakho, sisiphumo senkqubo enzima yebhayoloji.
Isizathu esiphambili yi-"Insulin Resistance" esithethe ngayo ngaphambili. Izinto eziphambili ezichaphazela oku zezi:
- I-genetics: Ukuba umama wakho, utata, okanye abantakwenu banesifo seswekile, usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba naso. Umzekelo, ukuba omnye wabazali bakho unesifo seswekile, unethuba elingama-40% lokuba naso. Ukuba bobabini abazali banaso, elo nani liya linyuka liye kuma-70%. Kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo uza kuba naso. Kuthetha nje ukuba kufuneka ulumke ngakumbi.
- Ukutyeba kakhulu kunye nokutyeba kakhulu: Amafutha angaphakathi emzimbeni, ingakumbi amafutha aqokelelana kwindawo yesisu nangaphakathi, yimbangela enkulu yokuxhathisa i-insulin.
- Ukungazilolongi: Ukumelana ne-insulin kuyanda xa umsebenzi womzimba uncipha.
- Ukutya okungenampilo: Ukutya rhoqo ukutya okucutshungulwe kakhulu, okuneekhabhohayidreyithi ezininzi, kunye namafutha amaninzi agcweleyo nako kuyingozi.
- Ubudala: Umngcipheko uyanda emva kweminyaka engama-45.
- Ezinye iimeko zonyango: Abantu abaneengxaki ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol, isifo seswekile sokukhulelwa, kunye ne-polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) nabo basengozini enkulu.
Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ukuba isifo seswekile asilawulwa?
Kulapho sonke kufuneka sigxile khona kakhulu. Nokuba siyazi ukuba sinesifo seswekile, ukuba asilawulwa kakuhle, ekuhambeni kwexesha singonakalisa amalungu abalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu.
| Inkqubo yomzimba ichaphazelekile | Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka |
|---|---|
| Intliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi | Isifo sentliziyo, isifo sohlangothi, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. |
| Amehlo | I-retinopathy, i-cataracts, i-glaucoma, kwaye ekugqibeleni ubumfama. |
| Izintso | Izintso zinokonakala kwaye ekugqibeleni zingasebenzi kakuhle. |
| Inkqubo yemithambo-luvo | Ukuba ndindisholo, ukutsha, iintlungu emalungeni. Ngamanye amaxesha, kwanokwenzakala emilenzeni kunokungabonakali. |
| Iinyawo | Amanxeba enziwe ngengozi anokunganyangwa, osuleleke, aze ekugqibeleni akhokelele ekubeni kufuneke kususwe inxalenye yonyawo. |
Ukongeza, imeko eyingozi enokwenzeka ngequbuliso ibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State - HHS). Kule meko, inqanaba leswekile egazini liphezulu kakhulu kangangeentsuku ezininzi, umzimba uphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ingqondo iyaphazamiseka. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo eyingozi kakhulu nesongela ubomi. Ukuba kuvela iimpawu ezinjalo, kufuneka usiwe kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo yesibhedlele (ETU).
Ugqirha uluchonga njani ngokuchanekileyo olu sifo?
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unesifo seswekile, ugqirha wakho uza kwenza uvavanyo lwegazi olulula ukuze aqinisekise ukuba unesifo seswekile.
- Uvavanyo lweGlucose yePlasma yokuzila ukutya: Oku kwenziwa kusasa emva kokuba ungatyanga okanye usele nantoni na kangangeeyure ezisi-8. Ukuba inqanaba leswekile yakho egazini liyi-126 mg/dL okanye ngaphezulu, kusenokwenzeka ukuba sisifo seswekile.
- Uvavanyo lweGlucose yePlasma oluQhelekileyo: Oku kungenziwa nangaliphi na ixesha losuku. Ukuba inqanaba leswekile yakho liyi-200 mg/dL okanye ngaphezulu, oko kukwaluphawu lweswekile.
- Uvavanyo lwe-A1C: Olu vavanyo lulinganisa amanqanaba akho eswekile egazini kwiinyanga ezi-2-3 ezidlulileyo. Ukuba eli xabiso liyi-6.5% okanye ngaphezulu, liqinisekisa isifo seswekile.
Olu vavanyo lolona hlobo lokuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo seswekile okanye akunjalo.
Ungayilawula njani isifo seswekile?
Kulungile, ngoku sifika kweyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Isifo seswekile sisifo esinokuthi, nangona singenakunyangwa, silawulwe kakuhle kwaye silawulwe ukuze siphile ubomi obusempilweni ngaphandle kweengxaki . Kufana nomdlalo weqela. Wena, ugqirha wakho, ingcali yesondlo, kunye nosapho lwakho kufuneka nisebenzisane ukuze nenze oku.
Kukho izinto ezintathu eziphambili:
1. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila (ukutya kunye nokuzilolonga)
2. Amayeza (amayeza)
3. Ukubeka iliso kumanqanaba eswekile ekhaya
1. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila
Le yindlela yonyango. Kunzima ukuyilawula le nto ngamayeza kuphela.
- Ukutya: Musa ukoyika ukuthi "ukutya," oku akuthethi ukutya ukutya okungenasondlo, okungenasondlo. Thetha nogqirha wakho okanye ingcali yesondlo ukuze udale ukutya okunesondlo okufanelekileyo kuwe. Ngokubanzi, kungcono ukufaka imifuno engenasitatshi, ukutya okunefayibha eninzi, iiproteni ezingenamafutha amaninzi (intlanzi, inkukhu), kunye namafutha alungileyo (i-avokhado, amantongomane) ekutyeni kwakho.
- Ukuzilolonga: Nokuba ngumthambo olula njengokuhamba ngokukhawuleza imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, iintsuku ezi-5 ngeveki, unokwenza imimangaliso ekulawuleni amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho. Xa sizilolonga, iiseli zethu ziba buthathaka ngakumbi kwi-insulin.
2. Amayeza (amayeza)
Abanye abantu bakufumanisa kunzima ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile egazini labo nasemva kokutshintsha indlela abaphila ngayo. Kulapho ke ugqirha ebanika amayeza.
- Amayeza Omlomo: Amayeza aqhelekileyo anikwa ngugqirha, njengeMetformin, asebenza ukunciphisa ukuxhathisa i-insulin emzimbeni kwaye alawula ukuveliswa kweswekile sisibindi.
- Inaliti ye-insulin: Imveliso ye-insulin yabanye abantu iyehla kakhulu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Emva koko kufuneka bathathe i-insulin ngaphandle ngohlobo lwenaliti. Ukuqala i-insulin akuthethi ukuba imeko yakho imbi kakhulu. Yindlela esebenzayo kakhulu yokulawula iswekile.
3. Ukubeka iliso kumanqanaba eswekile ekhaya
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvavanya amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho ekhaya usebenzisa i-glucometer, njengoko ugqirha wakho ecebisa. Oku kuya kukunceda uqonde indlela ukutya okutyayo, umthambo owenzayo, kunye namayeza owaselayo achaphazela ngayo amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho.
Ngaba isifo seswekile singanyangeka ngokupheleleyo?
Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abawubuzayo. Impendulo emfutshane ithi "hayi." Isifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini sisifo esingapheliyo. Oko kuthetha ukuba yinto esihlala sihlala nathi ubomi bethu bonke.
Kodwa nangona ingenakunyangwa, inokuziswa "kwi-remission," oko kuthetha ukuba akukho zimpawu kwaye amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho akwimida eqhelekileyo ngaphandle kwamayeza. Abanye abantu banokukwenza oku, ingakumbi ngokunciphisa umzimba kunye nokutshintsha okukhulu kwendlela yokuphila. Kodwa ayilungelanga wonke umntu. Kwakhona, ukuba ubuyela kwimikhwa yakho yakudala, amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho anokunyuka kwakhona.
Ngoko ke eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukufunda ukuphila nayo, kunokuba uzame ukuyinyanga.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini sithetha xa umzimba wakho ungakwazi ukusebenzisa i-insulin ngendlela efanelekileyo. Asinto yokoyika, yinto enokulawulwa kakuhle.
- Iimpawu ezifana nokunxanwa rhoqo, ukuchama rhoqo, kunye nokudinwa zinokubonakala kancinci kancinci. Ngoko ke qaphela umzimba wakho.
- Ulawulo luyintsebenziswano. Wena, ugqirha wakho, kunye nosapho lwakho kufuneka nisebenzisane.
- Ukutya okunempilo kunye nokuzilolonga rhoqo zisisiseko sonyango. Amayeza luncedo olongezelelweyo.
- Ngokubona ugqirha wakho ngexesha elifanelekileyo nokuhlolwa kwamehlo, izintso kunye neenyawo zakho, unokuthintela iingxaki ezinkulu.
- Olu luhambo lobomi bonke, kodwa ngolawulo olufanelekileyo, akukho nto inokukuthintela ukuba uphile ubomi obupheleleyo, obusempilweni, nobonwabisayo.
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