Ngaba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onesifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1? Okanye ngaba ugqirha ukuxelele ukuba usemngciphekweni wokufumana esi sifo? Ukuba kunjalo, namhlanje sithetha ngeyeza elitsha elinokulibazisa ukuqala kweempawu zeswekile ngeminyaka eliqela. Le yinto ethe yazisa ithemba elikhulu kubantu abaninzi. Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni le yeza kwaye isebenza njani.
Uhlobo 1 lweswekile kunye nendima yesiyobisi sikaTzield
Okokuqala, masiqonde ukuba yintoni isifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1. Enyanisweni sisifo esibangelwa kukuzimela komzimba . Ngamafutshane, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, efana 'nomkhosi' okhusela imizimba yethu kwizifo, ngempazamo iqala ukuhlasela iiseli zethu ezilungileyo. Kwisifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1, olu 'hlaselo' lwenzeka kwiiseli ze-beta kwi-pancreas yethu.
Cinga ngezi seli ze-beta njengeefektri ezincinci ezivelisa ihomoni ebizwa ngokuba yi-insulin, ebaluleke kakhulu emizimbeni yethu. I-insulin inceda iiseli ukuguqula iswekile (iglucose) ekutyeni esikutyayo ibe ngamandla. Ngoko ke, xa inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela itshabalalisa ezi seli ze-beta, ukuveliswa kwe-insulin kuyehla kancinci kancinci.
Le ntshabalalo ayizukwenzeka ngaxeshanye. Iza kwenzeka ngezigaba ezintathu.
- Inqanaba loku-1: Inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela iqala ukuhlasela iiseli ze-beta, kodwa isavelisa i-insulin eyaneleyo.
- Inqanaba lesi-2: Umonakalo weeseli ze-beta uyanda, amanqanaba eswekile egazini aqala ukuba yinto engaqhelekanga kancinci, kodwa akukabikho zimpawu zangaphandle.
- Inqanaba lesi-3: Uninzi lwee-beta cells ziyatshatyalaliswa, kwaye umzimba awukwazi ukuvelisa i-insulin eyaneleyo. Amanqanaba eswekile egazini ayanda kakhulu. Kulapho iimpawu zesifo seswekile, ezinje ngokunxanwa kakhulu kunye nokuchama rhoqo, zivela khona.
Kulapho ke iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yiTzield (teplizumab-mzwv) lingena khona. I-Tzield liyeza lebhayoloji. Linganciphisa isantya apho amajoni omzimba ahlasela khona iiseli ze-beta zabantu abanesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini . Oku kuthetha ukuba linokulibazisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo ukuya kwinqanaba lesi-3, xa kuvela iimpawu kwaye kufuneka imijovo ye-insulin yemihla ngemihla.
Eli liyeza elinikwa ngemithambo yegazi (i-intravenous infusion, okanye i-IV) . Eli nyango linikwa kanye ngemini kangangeentsuku ezili-14 ezilandelelanayo.
Ingaba olu nyango lweTzield lufanelekile kum?
Isifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1 sinokuchaphazela nabani na nokuba uneminyaka emingaphi na kwaye nangayiphi na indlela yokuphila. Unyango lweTzield lunokuba lufanelekile kuwe ukuba uhlangabezana nezi mfuno:
- Ukuba unesifo seswekile sohlobo 1 sesigaba sesi-2 .
- Eya kuweUkuba awunaso isifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini .
- Ukuba uneminyaka esi-8 okanye ngaphezulu .
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1 na kwinqanaba lesibini, ugqirha wakho uza kwenza uvavanyo lwegazi olukhethekileyo. Ezona zibalulekileyo kwezi luvavanyo lokujonga ii-autoantibodies ezichasene nee-beta cells kunye novavanyo lokunyamezela iswekile ngomlomo . Baza kujonga nenani leeseli zakho zegazi kunye nee-enzymes zesibindi ukuze babone ukuba eli yeza likhuselekile na kuwe.
Nangona kuyinto enobungozi ukuba nomntu onesifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1 kusapho lwakho, khumbula ukuba uninzi lwabantu abanaso esi sifo abanayo imbali yosapho.
Imiphumo yeziyobisi zeTzield yafundwa njani?
Kwenziwe uphando olukhethekileyo lwezonyango olubizwa ngokuba yi-TN-10 ukuze kuphandwe iingenelo kunye neengozi zale chiza. Umbuzo ophambili ebeliwubuzile yayikukuba, "Ngaba iTzield ingamisa okanye ilibazise ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1 ukuya kwinqanaba lesi-3 kubantu abasengozini enkulu?"
Abathathi-nxaxheba bohlulwe baba ngamaqela amabini. Elinye iqela lanikwa iyeza leTzield. Elinye iqela lanikwa i- placebo . Oko kukuthi, isisombululo setyuwa esasifana neyeza kodwa singenalo naluphi na uhlobo lweyeza. Izigulane kunye noogqirha babengazi ukuba ngubani ofumana ntoni.
Ungabona ngokulula ukuba zeziphi izinto ezifunekayo kunye nezingafanelekanga ukuba uthathe inxaxheba kolu phando kwitheyibhile engasezantsi.
| Iikhrayitheriya zokubandakanywa | Iikhrayitheriya zokungabandakanywa |
|---|---|
| Ukuba phakathi kweminyaka esi-8 ukuya kwengama-45 ubudala. | Ukuba nesifo seswekile sesigaba sesi-3. |
| Ukuba nelungu losapho elisondeleyo elinesifo seswekile sohlobo 1. | Amanqanaba angaqhelekanga eeseli zegazi okanye iienzyme zesibindi. |
| Ubukho beentlobo ezimbini ubuncinane zee-autoantibodies. | Ukuba nembali yezifo ezifana ne-HIV, i-hepatitis B okanye i-C. |
| Iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga ezivela kuvavanyo lokunyamezela iswekile. | Ukuba ngumama okhulelweyo okanye oncancisayo. |
Zithini iziphumo zolu phononongo?
Emva kweentsuku ezili-14 zonyango, aba bantu balandelwa kangangeminyaka emi-5. Iziphumo ziyakhuthaza ngokwenene.
Inzuzo ephambili yayikukuba abo basebenzise iyeza leTzield badlulela kwinqanaba lesi-3 lesifo seswekile ngomndilili weminyaka emibini emva kwabo bangazange basebenzise iyeza (i-placebo).
Ngamafutshane, kwathabatha malunga neminyaka emi-4 ukuba abo bathatha iTzield babe neempawu, ngelixa abo bathatha i-placebo baba neempawu kwiminyaka emi-2. Ingakumbi kunyaka wokuqala wonyango, lincinci kakhulu inani labo bathatha iTzield abafumana isifo sabo esibi. Ekupheleni kophando, ama-57% abo bathatha iTzield babesaphilile kwaye bengenazo naziphi na iimpawu zeswekile. Kodwa yi-28% kuphela yabo bathatha i-placebo abaye bazifumana.
Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zeTzield?
Njengayo nayiphi na imithi, iTzield inokuba nemiphumo emibi. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, uninzi lwayo lunokulawulwa.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo:
- Ukuqhambuka kwesikhumba: Oku kusenokuba luphawu lwe-allergy. Uninzi lwexesha, akukubi kakhulu kwaye kuya kuphela ngokwako. Gcina ulusu lumanzi kwaye uphephe ukukrwela. Izinto ezifana nokuhlamba ngamanzi abandayo okanye ukuhlamba nge-oatmeal zinokunceda. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto. Uza kukunika amayeza ukuba kuyimfuneko. Nangona kunjalo , ukuba ukuqhambuka kuhamba nokudumba kolwimi okanye umphimbo, okanye ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezisezantsi (iLymphopenia): Inani leeseli zakho ezimhlophe zegazi lisenokuncipha okwethutyana kwiintsuku zokuqala zonyango. Oku kusenokungakuchaphazeli, kodwa kunokukwenza ube namathuba amaninzi okufumana usulelo. Oku kuya kubuyela esiqhelweni kwiiveki ezimbalwa. Ugqirha wakho uya kukujonga rhoqo oku.
- Intloko ebuhlungu: Intloko ebuhlungu engaphantsi inokwenzeka. Ihlala iziphelela yodwa. Ukuba intloko ebuhlungu iyaqhubeka okanye iba qatha, yazisa ugqirha wakho.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu ekufuneka uziqaphele:
- Isifo Sokukhululwa KweCytokine:Kuba amayeza achaphazela inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, afana neTzield, ngamanye amaxesha anokubangela ukuba inani elikhulu lezinto zokuzikhusela ezibizwa ngokuba zii-cytokines zikhutshwe egazini ngaxeshanye. Oku kunokwenzeka kwiintsuku zokuqala zonyango. Iimpawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane, isicaphucaphu, iintlungu zomzimba, kunye nokudinwa kakhulu zinokubakho. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika amanye amayeza (umz. i-paracetamol) ngaphambi konyango ukunciphisa ezi mpawu. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Inani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi liyehla kakhulu: Ukuba le meko iba mandundu, inokukhokelela kwiintsholongwane ezinzulu. Ukuba uneempawu zosulelo ezinje ngomkhuhlane, ukugodola, ukukhwehlela, kunye nokudinwa kakhulu , xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Ezi azizo zonke iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zeTzield. Ukuba uneempawu ezikukhathazayo, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wakho ukuze akunike iingcebiso zonyango.
Uyazi njani ukuba iyeza liyasebenza?
Injongo yeTzield kukulibazisa ukuqala kweempawu. Ngenxa yoko, usenokungawuboni umahluko omkhulu emva kokuthatha unyango. Olu lunyango lweentsuku ezili-14 oluqhutywa kube kanye. Emva koko, ugqirha wakho uya kujonga isifo sakho seswekile rhoqo ukuze abone ukuba sinjani na. Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha unyango okanye utshintshe ishedyuli ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingxaki ngamanye amayeza?
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango lweTzield, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxelela ugqirha wakho malunga nazo zonke ezinye iziyobisi ozisebenzisayo (kuquka iivithamini, izongezo, amayeza e-Ayurvedic okanye amayeza esintu).
Ngokukodwa, kufuneka ulumke malunga nokufumana izitofu xa usebenzisa iTzield. Ezinye izitofu zisenokungasebenzi kakuhle, kwaye ezinye zisenokungakhuseleki. Ngoko ke , ngaphambi kokuba ufumane naluphi na ugonyo, xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba usebenzisa iTzield.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Tzield (iTeplizumab) liyeza elitsha elinokulibazisa ukuqala kweempawu kunye nesidingo se-insulin iminyaka eliqela kubantu abanesifo seswekile sohlobo 1 kwinqanaba lesi-2.
- Oku kusebenza ngokunciphisa isantya apho inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela itshabalalisa khona iiseli ze-beta ezivelisa i-insulin kwi-pancreas.
- Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba olu nyango lukulungele na emva kovavanyo lwegazi olukhethekileyo.
- Iziphumo ezincinci ezifana nokurhawuzelelwa lusu kunye neentloko ezibuhlungu zinokwenzeka kwaye zinokulawulwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kuvela iimpawu ezinzima ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla okanye umkhuhlane, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nawo onke amanye amayeza kunye nemithi yokugonya oyithathayo.
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