Ngaba ugqirha wakho ukuxelele ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwegazi kwaye ujonge i-cholesterol yakho? Xa ufumene loo ngxelo, ngaba wadideka ngamanani aphambi kwenani ngalinye? I-LDL, i-HDL, ii-triglycerides... Usenokuba uzibuza ukuba zeziphi ezi, zithetha ukuthini ngokwenene ezi manani. Ungoyiki, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula, ngokungathi sixelela umhlobo. Ukuqonda oku kuya kuba luncedo olukhulu kuwe ekwenzeni izigqibo malunga nempilo yakho.
Okokuqala, masibone, yintoni le lipid profile?
Uvavanyo lwegazi oluthathayo ukujonga i-cholesterol yakho yinto esiyibiza ngokwezonyango ngokuba yi-'Lipid Profile'. I-Lipid ithetha nje amafutha. Olu vavanyo lusinika ulwazi malunga neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zamafutha egazini lakho. Ukwazi la maxabiso kubaluleke kakhulu, kuba kunokukunika umbono womngcipheko wakho wezifo ezifana nesifo sentliziyo kunye nestroke kwixesha elizayo.
| Uhlobo lweLipid | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Cholesterol iyonke | Isimbuku sazo zonke iintlobo ze-cholesterol egazini lakho. |
| I-LDL (i-Low-Density Lipoprotein) | I-cholesterol "embi". Yiyo le nto igcina imithambo yegazi ize iyivale. |
| I-HDL (i-High-Density Lipoprotein) | I-cholesterol "elungileyo". Yile nto icoca imithambo yegazi ngokususa i-cholesterol embi. |
| Iitriglycerides | Olunye uhlobo lwamafutha oluvela ekutyeni esikutyayo, ingakumbi iswekile kunye neekhalori ezingaphezulu. |
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba awunakwenza isigqibo esipheleleyo malunga nomngcipheko wakho ngokusekelwe kumanani akule ngxelo kuphela. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela umngcipheko wakho ngokuthatha ingqalelo kwizinto ezininzi, ezifana neminyaka yakho, uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukuba uyatshaya na, kunye nokuba uthatha amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi lakho, kunye nala manani.
Masifunde nge-LDL, i-cholesterol "embi".
Sihlala sisiva ngale cholesterol 'ye-LDL'. Enyanisweni, imizimba yethu idinga umlinganiselo othile 'we-LDL' ukuze yakhe iiseli, ivelise iihomoni kunye neevithamini. Iveliswa sisibindi sethu.
Ingxaki iqala xa kukho i-LDL eninzi kakhulu. Emva koko le LDL eyongezelelweyo iqala ukuqokelelana eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi yakho. Njengothuli oluqokelelana kumbhobho wamanzi. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, olu qoqo (i-plaque) lunokubangela ukuba imithambo yegazi yakho ibe mxinwa kwaye ivaleke, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiimeko ezinzulu ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo. Yiyo loo nto i-LDL ibizwa ngokuba yi-cholesterol "embi". Ngoko ke xa inqanaba lakho le-LDL liphantsi, kokukhona umngcipheko wakho uphantsi.
- Ukuba inqanaba lakho le-LDL liphezulu kakhulu (ngaphezulu kwe-190 mg/dL): Eli linqanaba eliphezulu kakhulu. Kwimeko enjalo, ugqirha wakho uya kucebisa ukuba uqale ukusebenzisa iyeza le-statin kunye notshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo (ukutya, umthambo).
- Nokuba inqanaba lakho le-LDL lingaphantsi kwe-190 mg/dL: Ugqirha wakho unokugqiba kwelokuba anciphise inqanaba lakho le-LDL ngakumbi, ecinga ngezinye izinto ezikubangela umngcipheko (ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu).
- Amanqanaba e-LDL aphantsi kakhulu (ngaphezulu kwe-40 mg/dL): Oku kunqabile kakhulu. Kodwa amanqanaba e-LDL aphantsi ngokungaqhelekanga nawo awalungile. Kunokubangela ukudakumba, ixhala, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha umngcipheko we-stroke ephuma igazi.
Ukubaluleka kwe-HDL, i-cholesterol "elungileyo"
I-`HDL` (i-High-Density Lipoprotein) ifana nomhlobo wethu. Okukhona ixabiso le-`HDL` liphezulu, kokukhona umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo uphantsi. Isizathu kukuba i-`HDL` ibamba i-`LDL` cholesterol` embi eza kufakwa kwimithambo yegazi ize iyibuyisele esibindini. Kufana nokutshayela isitalato uze usicoce.
Ukuzilolonga kunye nezinye iintlobo zee-statins kunokunyusa kancinci amanqanaba e-HDL.
- Yintoni inqanaba le-HDL elifanelekileyo?: Inqanaba elingaphezulu kwe -40 mg/dL kumadoda kunye nelingaphezulu kwe -50 mg/dL kubasetyhini lithathwa njengenqanaba elisempilweni.
- Amanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu e-HDL (ngaphezulu kwe-100 mg/dL): Nangona ngokuqhelekileyo kuthathwa njengento elungileyo ukuba namanqanaba aphezulu e-HDL, uphando lwakutshanje lufumanise ukuba kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, amanqanaba aphezulu e-HDL anokunxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko ophezulu wesifo sentliziyo. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukugcina yonke into ilungile.
Zithini ii-triglycerides?
Ii-triglycerides azilohlobo lwe-cholesterol, kodwa lolunye uhlobo lwamafutha egazini lethu. Iikhalori ezingaphezulu ekutyeni esikutyayo, ingakumbi ezo zivela kwiswekile, umgubo, kunye notywala, ziguqulwa zibe zii-triglycerides ngumzimba kwaye zigcinwe kwiiseli zamafutha.
Amanqanaba aphezulu e-triglyceride anxulunyaniswa ngokuthe ngqo nomngcipheko okhulayo wesifo sentliziyo. Rhoqo, abantu abane-triglycerides ephezulu bane-HDL ephantsi "elungileyo" kunye ne-LDL ephezulu "embi". Olu xube luyingozi kakhulu.
Izizathu eziphezulu ze-triglyceride egazini:
- Indlela yokuphila yobuvila ngaphandle kokuzilolonga.
- Ukutya ukutya okuneswekile eninzi, iicarbohydrate ezicociweyo (ezifana nesonka, irayisi, iinoodles), kunye namafutha agcweleyo.
- Ukusela utywala ngokugqithisileyo.
- Isifo seswekile esingalawulekiyo, isifo sezintso, iingxaki ze-thyroid.
- Ukutyeba kakhulu.
- Amayeza athile (umz., amayeza omhlaza webele, i-HIV).
- Abanye abantu banokuchaphazeleka zizinto zemfuza ezivela kwiintsapho zabo.
Ukuba inqanaba lakho le-triglyceride liphezulu kune-150 mg/dL, ugqirha wakho usenokucebisa utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo, njengokuzilolonga rhoqo, ukutya okunempilo, ukunciphisa umzimba, kunye nokunciphisa utywala. Banokukunika amayeza.
Zithini iinqanaba ze-cholesterol ezisempilweni?
Le theyibhile iza kukunceda uthelekise amanani akwingxelo yakho namanqanaba aqhelekileyo asempilweni. Kwiingxelo zaseSri Lanka, la maxabiso alinganiswa nge-mg/dL (ii-milligrams nge-deciliter), njengaseMelika.
| Udidi | Inqanaba elisempilweni elijolise kulo (mg/dL) |
|---|---|
| Abantwana kunye nabantu abancinci (abaneminyaka eli-19 nangaphantsi) | |
| I-Cholesterol iyonke | Ngaphantsi kwe-170 |
| I-LDL ("embi") | Ngaphantsi kwe-110 |
| I-HDL ("elungileyo") | Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-45 |
| Abantu abadala (abaneminyaka engama-20 nangaphezulu) | |
| I-Cholesterol iyonke | Phakathi kwe-125 - 200 |
| I-LDL ("embi") | Ngaphantsi kwe-100 (ngaphantsi kwama-70 kwabo baneengozi) |
| I-HDL ("elungileyo") | Indoda: Ngaphezulu kwama-40 Abafazi: Ngaphezulu kwama-50 |
| Iitriglycerides | |
| Kuwo wonke umntu | Ngaphantsi kwe-150 |
Khumbula, la ngamaxabiso aqhelekileyo ekujoliswe kuwo. Ukuba sele unemeko efana nesifo sentliziyo okanye isifo seswekile, ugqirha wakho angakunika ithagethi ephantsi. Ngoko ke thetha nogqirha wakho ngalo mba rhoqo.
Imibuzo ebalulekileyo yokubuza ugqirha wakho
Xa ufumanisa ukuba amazinga akho e-cholesterol aphezulu, ungalibali ukubuza ugqirha wakho le mibuzo.
1. Zithini iingozi ze-cholesterol ephezulu? Ngaba ingabangela ezinye izifo?
2. Yintoni enokubangela ukuba ndibe ne-cholesterol ephezulu? Ngaba oku kubangelwa yimfuza?
3. Yintoni endinokuyenza kwindlela yam yokuphila nasekhaya ukuze ndinciphise i-cholesterol?
4. Ngaba ngokwenene kufuneka ndithathe amayeza? Ngaba akukho ndlela zonyango zimbi?
5. Ukuba kufuneka usele amayeza, asebenza njani?
6. Ndiza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani eli yeza? Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga?
7. Ndingayinciphisa njani i-cholesterol yam ngokwenza umthambo?
8. Ndingatshintsha njani ukutya kwam? Yintoni elungileyo ukuyitya nengalunganga ukuyitya?
9. Ndifanele ndiyihlole nini i-cholesterol yam emva koko?
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-cholesterol yinto efunekayo emzimbeni wethu, kodwa eninzi kakhulu inokuba yingozi. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile kuwe, njengomntu omdala osempilweni, ukuba uhlole amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol rhoqo .
- Qonda amaxabiso e-LDL ("amabi"), i-HDL ("elungileyo"), kunye ne-triglyceride kwingxelo yakho yeProfayili yeLipid.
- La manani ayimbonakaliso nje yomngcipheko wakho wesifo sentliziyo kunye nesifo sohlangothi. Soloko ubona ugqirha wakho ukuze ahlolwe ngokupheleleyo.
- Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zengxelo yakho, sebenzisana nogqirha wakho ukuze uphuhlise isicwangciso esifanelekileyo sokutshintsha indlela ophila ngayo, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, amayeza.
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