Khawucinge ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ubungenakukwazi ukukhupha inkunkuma endlwini yakho kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa? Yonke indlu iya kungcola ize iqale ukunuka, akunjalo? Imizimba yethu iyafana. Ukuba 'isihluzi senkunkuma' somzimba wethu, oko kukuthi, izintso, azisebenzi kakuhle, iityhefu ziqala ukuqokelelana emzimbeni. Loo meko iyingozi, apho inqanaba leetyhefu linyuka khona kwaye kuvela iimpawu, ibizwa ngokuba yi-Uremia. Le asiyomeko yokudlalwa ngayo. Masithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha.
Kalula nje, yintoni i-Uremia?
I-uremia yimeko eyingozi eyenzeka xa izintso zakho zingasebenzi kakuhle kwaye zingakwazi ukucoca nokususa inkunkuma egazini lakho. Esi sisiphumo sokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso ezinganyangwanga . Iimpawu ze-uremia zenzeka xa amanqanaba enkunkuma egazini lakho eba phezulu kakhulu.
Ngokwesiqhelo, xa izintso zethu ziphilile, zihluza inkunkuma kunye nolwelo olongezelelweyo egazini. Ezi nkunkuma kunye nolwelo zikhutshwa emzimbeni ngendlela yomchamo (umchamo). Zikwanceda ukugcina amanqanaba afanelekileyo ee-asidi, ii-electrolytes, kunye neehomoni ezifana ne-vitamin D kunye ne-erythropoietin (EPO). Xa izintso zonakele, le nkqubo yokucoca ayisebenzi kakuhle. Ngenxa yoko, iityhefu ziyaqokelelana emzimbeni.
I-uremia idla ngokubangelwa kukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso ngenxa yesifo sezintso esingapheliyo (CKD) . Oku kwaziwa ngokuba sisifo sezintso esikwinqanaba lokugqibela (ESKD). Inokwenzeka nokuba ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso kwenzeka ngenxa yokwenzakala okuqatha ngequbuliso (ukulimala kwezintso okukhawulezileyo).
Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba i-uremia ayinyangwanga kakuhle, inokukhokelela kwi-coma kwaye ekugqibeleni ibulale.
Zithini iimpawu ze-uremia?
Iimpawu ze-uremia azibi zimbi ngaxeshanye. Ekuqaleni azibonakali kakuhle. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela ezi mpawu ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ufune iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza.
Iimpawu zokuqala zisisicaphucaphu , ukuhlanza, kunye nokuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya . Usenokuziva unesicaphucaphu xa uvuka kusasa. Usenokuba nokungathandi ivumba lokutya. Abanye abantu basenokungatyi de baqale ukutya. Ukuba ukufakelwa izintso akuyondlela ifanelekileyo, ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba uqalise i-dialysis kwangoko nje ukuba ezi mpawu zincinci ziqale.
| Uhlobo lwempawu | Inkcazo |
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| Ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo |
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| Iimpawu ezenzekayo xa imeko iba mandundu |
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Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili ze-uremia?
Eyona nto ibangela i-uremia sisifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo (CKD), esibangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso ngokupheleleyo. Nasiphi na isifo esibangela i-CKD ekugqibeleni sinokukhokelela ekungasebenzini kwezintso kunye ne-uremia.
Ezona zinto zixhaphakileyo ezibangela i-CKD phakathi kwethu eSri Lanka zezi:
- Isifo seswekile
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu)
Zininzi nezinye izizathu ngaphandle kwezi zimbini. Ngoko ke, ukuba unesifo seswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kubalulekile ukuba uhlale ukhathalela impilo yakho yezintso.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu?
Abantu abanengxaki yezintso kwaye abangakwaziyo ukuqala i-dialysis ngaphambi kokuba kuvele iimpawu ze-uremia basengozini enkulu. Ngamanye amaxesha, abantu abazi nokuba banesifo sezintso esingapheliyo. Oku kunokubangela ukuba bangafumani unyango abaludingayo ukuthintela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso.
Ukuba une-CKD, ingakumbi ukuba umsebenzi wakho wezintso oqikelelweyo (eGFR) ungaphantsi kwama-45, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha wezintso uze uqale unyango.
Ungayibona njani le meko?
Ugqirha wakho uza kulandela amanyathelo aliqela ukuze afumanise ukuba une-uremia.
1. Mamela ngononophelo iimpawu zakho.
2.Imbali yakho neyentsapho yakho iya kubuzwa, ingakumbi malunga nesifo sezintso.
3. Uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomzimba lwenziwa.
4. Kwenziwa uvavanyo lwegazi oluninzi ukujonga ukusebenza kwezintso.
Olu vavanyo lwegazi lujonga ikakhulu ezi zinto.
| Uvavanyo | Ubona ntoni kuloo nto? |
|---|---|
| i-eGFR (Izinga lokuHlanganisa iGlomerular eliQikelelweyo) | Oku kulinganisa indlela izintso zakho ezihluza ngayo igazi. Oku kunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba izintso zakho aziphumeleli na. Kwi-uremia, i-eGFR idla ngokuba malunga ne-15 okanye ngaphantsi. |
| I-BUN (i-Blood Urea Nitrogen) | Oku kulinganisa ubungakanani benkunkuma ebizwa ngokuba yi-urea nitrogen egazini. Kulapho igama elithi uremia livela khona. Kwi-uremia, inqanaba le-BUN linokuba phezulu kakhulu. Kodwa khumbula, i-BUN luphawu nje lokuqokelelana kweetyhefu emzimbeni. I-BUN ngokwayo ayisiyonto ibangela iimpawu. |
Ukongeza kwezi mvavanyo, izinto ezifana ne -ultrasound yezintso zinokwenziwa ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela wokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-uremia?
Eyona ndlela ikuphela kwayo yokunyanga i-uremia ngokupheleleyo kukubuyisela ukusebenza kwezintso. Oko kukuthi, ukuqala kwakhona ukusebenza kwezintso, nokuba kungeyokwenziwa okanye ngokwendalo.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zonyango:
1. I-Dialysis
Oku kuquka ukucoca igazi lakho usebenzisa umatshini okanye enye indlela.
- I-Hemodialysis: Oku kuquka ukuthumela igazi kumatshini ongaphandle komzimba wakho, ulicoce, uze ulibuyisele emzimbeni wakho.
- I-Peritoneal Dialysis: Oku kusebenzisa ulwelo lwesisu sakho (i-peritoneum) kunye nolwelo olukhethekileyo ukucoca igazi lakho.
2. Ukufakelwa kwezintso
Olu lolona khetho lungcono lonyango. Kwimeko enjalo, izintso ezonakeleyo zitshintshwa yintso evela kumntu ophilayo (ophilayo okanye oswelekileyo). Ekubeni ukufakelwa kwezintso kukhethwa kune-dialysis, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyiqwalasela.
Ayinakuphiliswa ngamayeza?
Amayeza awanakunyanga ngokupheleleyo iimpawu ze-uremia. Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza anjengala ukunceda ukuthintela ezinye iziphumo ze-uremia emzimbeni:
- I-EPO hormone yokuthintela i-anemia.
- Iipilisi ze-iron ukuba unesiphene se-iron.
- I-calcium, i-vitamin D, kunye ne-phosphate binders ukuthintela izifo zamathambo.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Bona ugqirha wakho rhoqo ukuze ujonge impilo yezintso zakho, ingakumbi ukuba unezinto ezinokubangela isifo sezintso.
- Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho onesifo sezintso.
- Ukuba une-high blood pressure.
- Ukuba kukho utshintsho kwindlela yokuchama.
- Ukuba uvuvukile emaqatheni, ezandleni, okanye ebusweni (i-edema).
- Ukuba uthatha ii-NSAID rhoqo.
| Ukuba unale mpawu, yiya kwi-ETU (iYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo) ngoko nangoko! | |
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Ngaba i-uremia ingathintelwa?
Ukuthintela i-uremia kuthetha ukuthintela okanye ukulawula uphuhliso lwesifo sezintso esingapheliyo (CKD). Ukuba une-CKD, ungenza ezi zinto ukunceda ukuthintela ukuba esi sifo singabi mandundu:
- Sebenza ngokusondeleyo nogqirha wezifo zengqondo.
- Gcina uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi, isifo seswekile , kunye nezinye izifo zilawulwa.
- Sela amayeza achazwe ngugqirha ngokuchanekileyo nangexesha elifanelekileyo.
- Ziphephe iziyobisi (ingakumbi ii-NSAIDs), utywala, kunye nezinye iziyobisi ezinokonakalisa izintso.
- Landela ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo, okungenatyuwa ingako.
- Zilolonge kakuhle.
- Gcina ubunzima bomzimba busempilweni.
- Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka ngoko nangoko.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-uremia sisiphumo esiyingozi kakhulu sokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso.
- Iimpawu zokuqala ezibonakala sisicaphucaphu kunye nokuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya. Musa ukuzityeshela ezi zinto.
- Iindlela eziphambili zonyango yi-dialysis okanye ukufakelwa kwezintso.
- Ukulawula isifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela i-uremia.
- Ukuba unesifo sezintso, okanye usemngciphekweni wokusifumana, hlala unxibelelana nogqirha wakho rhoqo uze ufumane uvavanyo nonyango olufunekayo.
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