Njengoko usazi, oogqirha basebenzisa iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ukufumana iingxaki emizimbeni yethu. Mhlawumbi uqhelene nezinto ezifana ne-X-ray kunye ne-CT scans. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngohlobo olwahlukileyo kancinci lwe-scan olukwasetyenziswa ukujonga ngokunzulu ukusebenza kwemiphunga yethu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-VQ scan. Nangona igama lisenokuvakala liyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, kodwa lilula kakhulu.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-VQ scan?

I-VQ scan luvavanyo olunezigaba ezibini, olungangenisi gazi oluthatha imifanekiso yemiphunga yakho kwaye lulinganise ukuhamba komoya kunye nokuhamba kwegazi kuyo.

Igama elithi 'V' kweli gama limele ukuVentilation , yindlela umoya ohamba ngayo ungena uphuma emiphungeni yakho. Igama elithi 'Q' limele ukuPhefumla , elithetha ukuba lingakanani igazi elihamba liye kwimithambo yegazi emincinci emiphungeni yakho. Ngoko ke ngamanye amaxesha libizwa ngokuba yi-Ventilation-Perfusion scan, lung scan, okanye lung scintigraphy.

Kuphantsi kweziphi iimeko apho olu vavanyo lweskeni lusetyenziswa khona?

Oogqirha badla ngokusebenzisa i-VQ scan ukujonga ukuba igazi liqhekekile na emiphungeni yakho (i-Pulmonary Embolism, okanye i-PE) . Oku kunokuba yingozi ebomini ukuba akunyangwa ngokufanelekileyo. Kukwasetyenziswa ukuxilonga i-CTEPH (Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension) , imeko ebangela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kwimithambo yegazi yemiphunga.

Ayipheleli apho, kodwa olu vavanyo lukwanceda ukujonga ukusebenza kwemiphunga yakho ngezinye iindlela ezininzi.

• Emva kokufakelwa imiphunga.
• Ngaphambi kotyando ukususa umphunga okanye inxalenye yawo.
• Xa kuchongwa okanye kunyangwa ezinye izifo zemiphunga, ezifana neCOPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) .

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-VQ scan kunye ne-CT scan?

Nangona zombini ezi ntlobo zeskeni zithatha imifanekiso yemiphunga kwaye zinceda ekufumaneni iingxaki ezifana nokuqhekeka kwegazi, kukho umahluko ocacileyo phakathi kwezi zimbini. Masizijonge kwitheyibhile.

Ndingazilungiselela njani ngaphambi kokuba ndiskene?

Enyanisweni, olu vavanyo aludingi kulungiswa okukhethekileyo. Ungatya ngendlela eqhelekileyo kwaye usele amayeza akho. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ngale nto ilandelayo:

• Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye ukrokrela ukuba ukhulelwe: Olu vavanyo lubandakanya ubungakanani obuncinci bemitha, ngoko ke alukhuselekanga kumntwana ongekazalwa. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa olunye uvavanyo.
• Ukuba ungumama oncancisayo: Ekubeni into esetyenzisiweyo kwiskeni ingadlula iye kubisi lwebele, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika imiyalelo ekhethekileyo malunga nendlela yokuncancisa umntwana wakho usuku okanye ezimbini emva kweskeni.
• Ukuba unengxaki yokuhlala ungashukumi kwindawo enye imizuzu eliqela: Ukuba uyashukuma ngexesha lokuskena, imifanekiso ayizukucaca. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukusazisa ngale nto kwangethuba.

I-X-ray yesifuba idla ngoku-odolwa kwiiyure ezingama-24 emva kokuhlolwa kwe-VQ. Ulwazi olufunyenwe koku luya kunceda ugqirha aqonde iziphumo zokuhlolwa kwe-VQ.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha leskeni?

Olu vavanyo luthatha imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-60 ukugqitywa. Lunamacandelo amabini. Abanye abantu banenxalenye enye kuphela eyenziweyo, kodwa uninzi lwabantu lunenxalenye zombini ezenziweyo ngosuku olunye.

Inxalenye Yokuqala: Iskeni Sokungenisa Umoya

Oku kuquka ukujonga indlela umoya ongena ngayo emiphungeni yakho.

1. Okokuqala, uza kufakelwa i-mouthpiece okanye i-mask evala umlomo nempumlo yakho. Kusenokufuneka ubeke i-clip encinci empumlweni yakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba uphefumla ngomlomo wakho kuphela.

2. Emva koko, ngetyhubhu eqhagamshelwe kwesi sixhobo, kongezwa inani elincinci kakhulu lento enemisebe (tracer) emoyeni owuphefumlayo. Cinga ngokubeka i-tag encinci enemibala emoyeni owuphefumlayo.

3. Uza kulaliswa ebhedini ekhethekileyo uze uthunyelwe ngaphakathi kumatshini ofana nesilinda. Okanye uza kuhlala esitulweni uze ubekwe phambi kwekhamera.

4. Njengoko uphefumla ngale mask, ikhamera ekhethekileyo iya kuthatha imifanekiso yemiphunga yakho. Ungaguqulwa ube ziindawo ezahlukeneyo ukuze uthathe imifanekiso efunekayo.

Icandelo Lesibini: I-Perfusion Scan

Eli candelo ligqitywa kwangoko emva kokuba kugqityiwe ukuskena umoya. Eli candelo lijonga indlela igazi elihamba ngayo liye emiphungeni.

• Ngeli xesha, le nto ine-radioactive (tracer) ayiphefumlelwa. Endaweni yoko, ifakwa emthanjeni osengalweni yakho nge -IV .
• Emva koko, besebenzisa ikhamera efanayo naleyo yangaphambili, bathabatha imifanekiso yegazi elihamba ngemiphunga yakho.

Ndingazifumana njani iziphumo emva kokuskena?

Ungabuyela kwimisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo emva kokuskena. Izinto ezine-radioactive ezifakwe emzimbeni wakho ziya kushiya umzimba wakho ngokuphefumla kwakho, umchamo, kunye nendle kwiiyure okanye iintsuku ezimbalwa. Ngokwesiqhelo uya kufumana iziphumo zakho kwiiyure ezingama-24.

Ukuba ingxelo yeziphumo ithi "Eqhelekileyo" okanye "Amathuba aphantsi," oko kuthetha ukuba akukho gazi liqhekekileyo. Ukuba ithi into efana "Amathuba aphakathi," oko kuthetha ukuba akucaci, kwaye kunokufuneka uvavanyo olongezelelekileyo. Ukuba ithi "Amathuba aphezulu," oko kuthetha ukuba kukho amathuba aphezulu egazi eliqhekekileyo, kwaye ugqirha wakho uya kuthetha nawe ngonyango olufunayo.

Kunini apho kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza?

Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu zokuqhekeka kwegazi emiphungeni yakho (pulmonary embolism) , yimeko engxamisekileyo leyo.Fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko, okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele elikufutshane (ETU). Lumka kwezi mpawu:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumla ngequbuliso.
• Intlungu ebukhali esifubeni, engalweni, egxalabeni, entanyeni, okanye emhlathini.
• Ukukhwehlela nokuba negazi okanye ngaphandle kwalo.
• Ulusu oluphaphathekileyo kunye nokubila okunamathelayo.
• Ukutshintsha kombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kolusu, imilebe, okanye iinzipho (i-cyanosis).
• Isantya sentliziyo siyanda.
• Ukubila okugqithisileyo.