Sonke siyazithanda izilwanyana, akunjalo? Abanye abantu bagcina izinja neekati emakhaya. Abanye bathanda iintaka ezihlala kwiigadi zabo. Ngokufanayo, abantu abasebenza kwezolimo nakwiindawo zokufuya bahlala benxibelelana nomhlaba. Kodwa ubusazi ukuba ngamanye amaxesha sinokufumana izifo kwezi zilwanyana, umhlaba, namanzi? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesifo esingaqhelekanga kodwa esixhalabisayo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-tularemia.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iTularemia?
I-Tularemia yintsholongwane ebangelwa yintsholongwane . Ibangelwa luhlobo lwebhaktheriya ebizwa ngokuba yiFrancisella tularensis. Ayisiyosifo siqhelekileyo ebantwini, kodwa sinokusasazeka kwizilwanyana, ingakumbi izilwanyana ezincinci ezifana noonogwaja kunye noonogwaja. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, abanye abantu bayibiza ngokuba yi-"rabbit fever".
Le ntsholongwane inamandla kakhulu. Ingaphila iiveki emhlabeni, emanzini, nakwizilwanyana ezifileyo. Yiyo loo nto sinokuyifumana ngeendlela ezininzi. Nangona sisifo esosulelayo, asiqhelekanga ukusasazeka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye.
Esi sifo sisasazeka njani kuthi?
Zininzi iindlela esi sifo esinokudluliselwa ngazo. Masibone ukuba zeziphi.
- Ukulunywa zizinambuzane: Esi sifo sinokudluliselwa zizinambuzane ezilumayo ezifana neenkokwana ezineentsholongwane okanye iimpukane zeenyamakazi. Le ndlela ayixhaphakanga kakhulu eSri Lanka, kodwa kufanelekile ukuyazi.
- Ngokuchukumisa izilwanyana ezinesi sifo: Ukuba uchukumisa isilwanyana esinesifo (umzekelo, umvundla, usquirrel), ingakumbi ukuba uchukumisa ulusu lwesilwanyana, uboya, okanye inyama yaso, iintsholongwane zingangena emzimbeni nokuba kukho isithuba esincinci eluswini.
- Ngokutya ukutya okanye amanzi angcolileyo: Kukho amathuba aphezulu okufumana esi sifo ukuba utya inyama engaphekwanga kakuhle yesilwanyana esineentsholongwane okanye usela amanzi angcolileyo yintsholongwane.
- Ukuphefumla iintsholongwane: Oku kunqabile. Ngexesha lokulima, ukumba, okanye ukwenza umsebenzi wokwakha, iintsholongwane ezisemhlabeni zinokudibana nomoya zize ziwuphefumle, nto leyo ebangela usulelo emiphungeni.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ukuchanabeka kule ntsholongwane akuthethi ukuba uza kugula, kodwa kuxhomekeke nakumandla omzimba wakho.
Ziziphi iimpawu ze-tularemia?
Iimpawu zingahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindlela iintsholongwane ezingene ngayo emzimbeni. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha phakathi kweentsuku ezi-3 nezi-5 ukuba iimpawu zibonakale. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kunokuthatha ukuya kwiiveki ezimbini.
Itheyibhile engezantsi ibonisa iintlobo eziphambili zesi sifo kunye neempawu ezinxulumene nazo.
| Uhlobo lweTularemia | Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo |
|---|---|
| I-Ulceroglandular (Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo) |
|
| I-Oculoglandular (Uhlobo oluchaphazela amehlo) | |
| I-Oropharyngeal (Uhlobo oluchaphazela umlomo, umphimbo, kunye nendlela yokugaya ukutya) | |
| I-Pneumonic (Uhlobo oluchaphazela imiphunga) | |
| I-Typhoidal (Uhlobo olungaqhelekanga kodwa olunzima kakhulu) |
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana esi sifo?
Nangona i-tularemia sisifo esingaqhelekanga, abanye abantu banamathuba amaninzi okuba nayo.
- Abalimi, oogqirha bezilwanyana, abasebenzi basemasimini kunye nabazingeli:Kuba bahlala behleli nezilwanyana nomhlaba.
- Abantu abaneenkqubo zokuzikhusela zomzimba ezibuthathaka: Imizimba yabantu abanezifo ezifana nesifo seswekile, umhlaza, okanye abo bathatha amayeza athintela inkqubo yabo yokuzikhusela komzimba iba nzima ukulwa nale ntsholongwane.
- Abantu abatya inyama engaphekwanga kakuhle: Umngcipheko uphezulu ukuba batya inyama yezilwanyana ezizingelwayo, ingakumbi ukuba ayiphekwanga kakuhle.
- Abantu abahlala kwiindawo zasemaphandleni nasemahlathini: Kuba ezi ndawo zinokuba likhaya lezilwanyana nezinambuzane ezithwala izifo.
Isifo sichongwa kwaye sinyangwa njani?
Esi sifo sinokuba nzima ukusifumanisa kuba iimpawu ziyafana nezezinye izifo eziqhelekileyo. Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukudumba kwee-lymph nodes, kwaye ngakumbi ukuba usandul' ukulunywa sisinambuzane, ukukrwelwa sisilwanyana, okanye ukuchukunyiswa sisilwanyana sasendle, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wakho kwaye umxelele ngaso.
Ugqirha wakho unokwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, kuquka:
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga ukuba kukho ii-antibodies ezichasene neebhaktheriya emzimbeni.
- I-Biopsy: Ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lesicwili kwinxeba lesikhumba okanye iqhuma elidumbileyo ukuze lihlolwe.
- Uvavanyo lwesampulu yobofu: Ukuvavanya ubofu okanye olunye ulwelo lomzimba oluvela enxebeni.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Ukujonga ukuba imiphunga ichaphazelekile na.
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba i-tularemia sisifo esinokunyangwa ngokupheleleyo ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane amiselwe ngugqirha wakho kanye ngexesha elipheleleyo. Okukhona uqala unyango ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona unokunyanga ngokukhawuleza isifo ngaphandle kweengxaki.
Simele senze ntoni ukuze sizikhusele kwesi sifo?
Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuhlala ukhuselekile kwesi sifo. Landela la manyathelo alula.
- Musa ukuzichukumisa izilwanyana zasendle ngezandla zakho, ingakumbi izilwanyana ezibonakala zigula okanye zifile.
- Xa usebenza emasimini okanye uhambahamba ehlathini, nxiba impahla egubungela iingalo nemilenze. Nxiba iihempe ezinemikhono emide, iibhulukhwe ezinde, kunye nezihlangu.
- Sebenzisa izinto zokugxotha izinambuzane ukuze uzikhusele kwizinambuzane.
- Qiniseka ukuba uziphatha kakuhle izilwanyana zakho zasekhaya (izinja, iikati) ukuze uzikhusele kwiinkawu . Kwakhona, qaphela ukuba zichatshazelwe na zizilwanyana zasendle ngaphandle.
- Xa usela amanzi, sela amanzi acocekileyo nakhuselekileyo kuphela. Musa ukusela amanzi avela kwiindawo ezirhanelekayo.
- Yitya inyama, ingakumbi inyama yezilwanyana zasendle, iphekwe kakuhle.
- Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba ukhe wachaphazeleka sesi sifo, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Tularemia lusulelo olungaqhelekanga kodwa olunokuba yingozi kakhulu olunokudluliselwa kwizilwanyana, umhlaba, kunye nezinambuzane.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinje ngomkhuhlane, izilonda zesikhumba, okanye amaqhuqhuva emva kokulunywa sisinambuzane okanye ukuchukumisa isilwanyana, musa ukukuthatha lula oko.
- Esi sifo sinokunyangwa ngokupheleleyo ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba uneempawu.
- Amanyathelo alula anjengokuphepha izilwanyana zasendle, ukupheka inyama kakuhle, nokuzikhusela kwizinambuzane kunokukunceda ekukhuseleni kwesi sifo.
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